Test 1 Beethoven-Schumann Flashcards
What year and Period was “Eroica” written? What is the full title?
1800’s. Second Period. Symphony No. 3, Eroica, 1st movement. Beethoven
What are some ways Beethoven modified sonata form?
Made everything longer. Especially the development. IN the classical era, each section was roughly the same length but Beethoven’s Development is significantly longer. Throws off symmetry of sonata form.
How does Beethoven modify the coda in sonata form during his second period?
Had very long codas. Instead of short endings, Beethoven brings back motives from the exposition and develops them all over again, sometimes even modulating keys.
What is hypermetrical conflict and how does Beethoven use it in Eroica?
What you hear contradicts what you see in the score. In this piece, the score is in triple meter, but the sfz in the development have strong-weak so on which makes it sound like duple meter.
How are movements 4 and 5 of Symphony no. 3 in A minor related?
The motive at the end of mvt. 4 brings us right into mvt. 5 almost like mvt. 4 had never ended. The “sighing” figures”
What are the characteristics of Beethoven’s 2nd period. (Eroica)
Intense motivic development.
Frequent changes in texture. Increase use of dissonance. Idiosyncratic rhythms. Increase length and complexity of music.
What are the characteristics of Beethovens third period? (String quartet op. 132)
Very introverted and experimental. Tension between extreme contrast and unity. Incredibly complex counter point. More dissonances. Tension between brevity and expansion.
Why was “Florestan” by Schumann difficult for 19th century audiences to understand?
Drastically and Rapidly changing dynamics and tempos. Ambiguous key. Accents on weak beats.
Describe the innovations made to the piano in the 19th century.
More notes were added with a higher and lower range. Changed to metal strings. Used felt tipped hammers instead of leather. Wanted to make pianos more affordable for every household.
Describe the issues Hensel faced when trying to become a professional composer.
Her brother, Felix Mendelssohn
was encouraged to pursue music professionally but Hensel was told to be a good wife by her father. Mendelssohn published some of her works in his name because she could not.
What decade goes with Beethoven Symphony No. 3, Eroice?
1800’s
What decade goes with Beethoven’s String quartet in A minor op 132
1820’s
What decade goes with Hensels “Bitte” op. 7, no. 5
1840’s
What decade goes with Gottschalk Souvenir de Porto Rico op. 31?
1850’s
What decade goes with Liszts un sospiro?
1840’s
