Test 1 and 2 Flashcards
Vrms equation
=(3RT/m)^1/2
m is in kg
Vanderwaals equation modifications
Brought 2 modifications to the ideal gas equation
1- particles take up space, therefore Vt =V-Vparticles
2-Particles have attraction forces between each other, therefore Pressure decreases because the collisions become less intense
Vanderwaals equation
P= nRT/V-nb - a(n/v)^2, where a and b are constants
Frequency
Number of waves that pass a point per second in s^-1, represented by v
Wavelength
The length of one cycle in nm, represented by lamda
Blue light wavelength
400-500 nm
Green light wavelength
500-600 nm
Red light wavelength
600 - 700 nm
Black body radiation
Bodies that are heated emit light
Gas comparaison formula
(P2/P1)(V2/V1) = (n2/n1)(T2/T1)
What is Vrms
The distribution of particles based on their velocity. V is inversely proportional to T^1/2. The larger the temperature, the larger but lower the curve is
Graham’s law of effusion
ta/tb = (ma/mb)^1/2
wavelength freqeuncy formula
v x lambda = c
Energy of a photon
E = hv
photoelectric effect
electrons can be rejected from metals if they meet a certain frequency requirement, called threshold. For example, a metal with a threshold of 600nm could be activated if a light of a smaller wavelength were to strike it.
Energy of a state
En = -B/n^2
Wavelength mass velocity formula
lambda = h/(m x velocity)
Schrodinger’s equations
Wave functions that describe the wave of an electron. Squaring it gives the probability of finding the electron at x.
l
l < n
naming orbitals
l = 0 -> "s" l = 1 -> "p" l = 2 -> "d" l = 3 -> "f"
m
-l <= m <= l
Bohr’s model of the atom
electrons travel in defined circular orbits around the nucleus. The orbits are labeled by an integer, the quantum number n. Electrons can jump from one orbit to another by emitting or absorbing energy.
Schrodinger’s model of the atom
Electrons are not in a fixed position, but have a probability of being at a certain position. Described by orbitals
Binding energy
the energy it takes to eject electrons from a metal
Calculated using
W(binding energy) = hv(energy of the photon)
