Test 1 Flashcards
Ethnocentrism
- The practice of making judgments about other cultures based on the values and beliefs of one’s own culture.
- Ex: A hotel attendant considers guest from one particular country rude due to their general aversion to small talk which he believes is not a trait typicall shared by domestic indiviudals such as himself.
Bottom-up Processing
Requires each component of an object (feature detection) to be interpreted through parallel processing and then integrated into one cohesive whole.
Ex: Identifying the color, shape, and motion of an object in one’s visual field in order to mentally establish what is being viewed.
Top-down Processing
Starts with the whole object and, through memory, creates expectation for the components of the object.
Ex: If half of a tree branch is covered, you usually have an idea of what it looks like, even though half is not being shown. This is because you know what trees look like from prior knowledge.
Parallel Processing
Ability to simultaneously analyze color, shape, and motion of an object to create an image and recognize it.
Ex: People can recognize a moving car very easily from a distance becayse they are familiar with the usual motions and shapes of cars.
In healthcare. sexism is a common form of discrimination. Sexisms will most likely negatively impact ____.
Females
Front Stage Self
When the actor is infront of the audience and performs accorsing to the setting, role, and script in order to conform to the image he wants others to see.
Front = Fake
Back Stage Self
When the actor is not being obseved by an audience and is free to act in ways that may not be congruent with his desired public image without having to worry about ruining his performance.
Zero-Sum Game
Gain or loss = Gain or loss
Foraging Behavior
all the methods by which an organism acquires and utilizes sources of energy and nutrients
The brain region central to regulating mate-seeking behavior is the_____.
Hypothalamus
The brain region responsible for regulatinf the drive behaviors (The “Four F’s”), including sexual behavior, is the hypothalamus.
The Four F’s of the Hypothalamus
- Feeding
- Fighting
- Flighting
- Functioning
Social Loafing
The tendancy of individuals to put in less effort in group settings as compared to an individual setting.
Ex: When you have group members that do not work
Group Think
The tendency for groups to make decisions based on ideas and solutions that arose within the group without considering outside ideas and ethics; based on the pressure to conform and remain loyal to the group. This usually leads to incorrect or poor decisions because of members wanting to conform which ultimately decreases critical thinking skils.
Identity Shift
When an individuals state of harmony is disrupted by a threat of social rejection, the individual will often conform to the norms of the group. However, the individual will begin to experience internal conflict because the behavior is outside the normal character of the individual. To eliminate the sense of internal conflcit, the individual expereinces an identity shift wherein the individual adopts the standards of the group as her own.
Meritocratic System
A meritocratic system is one wherein performance and aptitude determine a person’s ability to advance or succeed.
