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Race And Racism > Test #1 > Flashcards

Test #1 Flashcards

1
Q

Primordiaism Theory of Identity Formation

A

Identity if fixed and of natural origin.

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2
Q

Race

A

A social and historical construction & refers to a group of people who share physical and cultural traits as well as common ancestry.

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3
Q

Colonialism

A

The practice of acquiring political control over another country, occupying it with settlers, and exploiting it economically.

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4
Q

Carolus Linnaeus

A

Founder of modern system of biological taxonomy. He stated that humans could be divided into 4 groups.

  1. Homo Americanus
  2. Homo Europeus
  3. Homo Asiaticus
  4. Homo Afer
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5
Q

Layers of identity

A

Family (most important), religion, ethnicity, Nationality

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6
Q

Scramble for Africa and racism in Africa

A

Africa being the largest continent led the colonial powers to exploit the resources and enslave the Africans for labor.

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7
Q

Slavery in Ancient Times

A

Existed before colonialism and the conceptualization of race. Raids were conducted and slaves were taken. Those with no family were taken as slaves. Paying off debt or punishment for crime= slavery.

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8
Q

Statistics concerning the transatlantic slave trade

A

•majority of African slaves were sent to Caribbean & Brazil
•4.8 million to Brazil
388,747 to North America (less than 4% of slaves from Africa)

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9
Q

Replacement theory

A

A theory used by those against immigration that basically states that if too many people are allowed into the U.S. the “inferior” genes will push out the superior “white” genes and replace them.

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10
Q

Laws to support slavery as an institution

A

1667-Virginia (slavery allowed because Africans were heathens)
Virginia and Maryland created laws and created a permanent status for African slaves and their offspring

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11
Q

Santos Manuel

A

He was the leader of the Yuhaaviatam tribe who later became known as the Santos Manuel Band of Mission Indians. In 1866 the 32 day campaign began that killed Serrano men, women, and children.

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12
Q

Racial Discrimination

A

The practice of treating people differently on the basis of their race.

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13
Q

Institutional Racism

A

The policies,laws, and institutions that reproduce racial inequalities, in their book Black Power. (Carmichael & Hamilton)

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14
Q

Micro insults

A

Verbal/nonverbal that shows rudeness and insensitivity towards a persons racial heritage.

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15
Q

Implicit bias

A

Unreasoned judgmental inclinations that’s operate without our conscious awareness

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16
Q

Structural racism and redlining

A

Inter institutional interactions across time and space that reproduce racial inequality

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17
Q

Fair house act of 1968

A

It outlaws refusal to sell/rent a dwelling to any person because of their race,color,disability,religion,sex, family status

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18
Q

White supremacy

A

A system of racial stratification that places whites at the top of the hierarchy

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19
Q

Social constructivism theory of identity formation

A

Identity is created from many different sources and is fluid. Race may change depending on how you view yourself in the world.

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20
Q

Ethnicities

A

Group identities based on notions of similar and shared history,culture,kinship.

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21
Q

Ideology

A

A set of principles and ideas that benefit the dominant group.

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22
Q

Sex

A

Genetic- male or female

23
Q

Eugenics Movement

A

The idea that alcoholism, laziness, crime, poverty, and other moral and cultural traits can be inherited.
A lot of surgery was performed on African American women so they won’t spread “black kids”

24
Q

Contact with the “other” and changing attitudes

A

Indigenous population were the first slaves in the America’s. Disease,sickness, deaths and revolts decreased the population.

25
Q

Slavery and the development of the idea of race

A

1522: Pope band enslavement of enemies, claiming it to be unjust under the Christian belief system.
1667: Virginia law defines African slaves as “heathens”
1700: Virginia and Maryland pass laws establishing permanent status of offspring of slaves

26
Q

Pseudoscience Typologies and the Development of the Concept of race

A

Classification system used for plants and animals was applied to people.
Linnaeus: described 4 groups of human beings (biological taxonomy)

Blumenbach: classified humans into 5 varieties based on geographical origins

Hume-whites were the only “species” to have created civilized nations and to have developed arts and sciences.

27
Q

Manifest Destiny and Race

A

An idea that states that the expansion of whites across the U.S. was inevitable and meant to be and basically that whites has a right to conquer the west. Used by white leaders

28
Q

Bacon’s Rebellion

A

Revolt based on cross group coalition consisting of poor whites and blacks. Pushed Virginia towards slavery

29
Q

Mission Indians

A

Indigenous peoples of California who lived in Southern California and were forcibly relocated from their traditional dwellings, villages, and homelands to live and work at the 21 missions in Southern CA

30
Q

Racial ideology

A

A set of principles and ideas that divides people into racial groups and serves the interests of one group

31
Q

Racial microaggressions

A

Daily, commonplace insults and racial slights that cumulatively affect the psychological well-being of people of color

32
Q

Microinvalidations

A

Communications that exclude,negate, or nullify the psychological thoughts,feelings, or experiential reality of a person of color.

Ex. When an Asian American is born in the U.S. and people keep complimenting how good they speak English

33
Q

Structural racism

A

Inter institutional interactions across time and space that reproduce racial inequality

34
Q

Racial covenants

A

Contractual agreements that prevent the sale or lease of property within an area to nonwhites

35
Q

Food deserts

A

An urban area in which it is difficult to buy affordable or good quality fresh food like fruits and vegetables

36
Q

Constructed primordiality theory of identity formation

A

Identity is constructed but based in common origins

37
Q

Racism

A

The belief that races are populations of people whose physical differences are linked to significant cultural and social differences.
Practice of subordinating races believed to be inferior

38
Q

Latino

A

Does NOT INCLUDE SPAIN. Includes Brazil, french etc…

39
Q

Hispanic

A

INCLUDES SPAIN. But DOES NOT include Brazil etc…

40
Q

Gender

A

Physical, behavioral, and personality traits that a person considers for male or female

41
Q

Imagined communities

A

Anderson 1983 made the argument that we as a people imagine the communities that we belong to.

42
Q

Empire building and slavery

A

Empire building -> resource extraction -> slavery and race as a construct

43
Q

Scientific racism

A

The use of science or pseudoscience to reproduce and justify racial inequalities

44
Q

Treatment of African slaves by Portuguese

A

They treated them like livestock and suggested that the Africans were subhuman

45
Q

Racial prejudice

A

Beliefs that African Americans are less competent than whites

46
Q

Individual racism

A

Consists of pervasive everyday acts and are individual acts of racial discrimination and bigotry

47
Q

Micro assaults

A

Insults that are shown or intentional

48
Q

Systemic racism

A

Defined by Joe Feagin, a diverse assortment of racist practices, encompassing daily microaggressions, deep seated inequalities, historical inequalities, and anti black ideologies

49
Q

Structural racism

A

Inter institutional interactions across time and space that reproduce racial inequality

50
Q

Wealth inequality

A

Wealth gap, is the unequal distribution of assets among residents of the U.S.

51
Q

Buchanan Vs. Warley

A

Kentucky ordinance that prohibited blacks from living on a block where the majority of residents were white. This case declared the ordinance unconstitution

52
Q

Wage of whiteness

A

Defined by WEB Du Bois, psychological benefits that white workers received by aligning with the dominant group, their white bosses, as opposed to developing working-class solidarity with recently freed black slaves.

53
Q

Racial discrimination

A

When the employer decides to hire a white person instead of an equally qualified black person.
Treating people differently based on their race

54
Q

Systemic racism

A

A diverse assortment of racist practices, the unjustly gained economic and political power of whites, the continuing resource inequalities, and the white racist ideologies, attitudes and institutions created to preserve white power

Race And Racism (2 decks)

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