Test 1 Flashcards
Human Dimension of Wildlife Management?
How people value wildlife, how they want wildlife managed and how they affect or are affected by wildlife and wildlife management
Events that lead to wildlife protection
- fur trade bye beaver
- bison to the brink of extinction
- extibction of passenger pigeon
HDW lead to 2 major developments:
- national parks
- north american model of wildlife conservation
After the 2nd world war
- interest in outdoor recreation and nature rapidly accelerated
- expansion of recreational hunting lead to the restoration of wildlife species
- wildlife management grew as a discipline
Human Dimension issue: urbanization
- human-wildlife conflict
- ecotourism
- illegal harvest and trade
- co-management
Human dimension issue: multiple voices being legitimized
- experts to transactional planning
- active participation
Human dimensions issue: climate change
- invasive species
- wildfire
- pest infestations
Human dimensions issue: water and energy development
- consumption of more land
- need to mitigate
3 trends to likely impact current and future outdoor participation rates:
- population growth and urbanization
- changing racial and ethnic composition
- constraints on participation
Population growth and urbanization
- housing development must compete with other land uses ie) agriculture
- urbanization and loss of habitat have affected places to recreate
Social and demographic trends
- limited supply of land requires working with stakeholders
- newcomers and seasonal homeowners becoming more involved in issues with wildlife management and preservation
- most migration is to urban areas opportunities to engage in wildlife related activities are often limited
Constraints to outdoor participation
- time
- cost
- work
- access
- health
Minority groups and outdoor recreation
- regard outdoor recreation as culturally irrelevant
- more likely to have lower education and lower income
- may have experienced prejudice and discrimination
Global patterns of similarities in human values towards wildlife important implementations
- management of migratory species
- cross cultural collaboration increasingly necessary in combating global environmental problems
- most difficult issues are where basic values conflict
Biophilia
- a strong biologically fashioned human connection to animals
- beyond doubt that our gentic makeup has been influenced by our interactions with nature
Biophobia
- Where people are presented with images of threatening stimuli such as snakes and spiders
- wildlife automatically draws human attention because of the evolutionary advantage posed by signaling safety or danger
Anthropomorphism
The tendency to project human characteristics on nonhuman animals
Totenism
Where one’s existence is closely entwined with the natural environment- found in virtually all hunter gatherer societies
-belief they are descended from or related to a specific clan ie) bear clan
Values
Consider behavioral theories that suggest that behavior is underlain by belief and affective responses (feeling states- good, bad, scary)
-values form slowly over many experiences and change very little over time
Ideology
Considered broader and more inclusive concept that values -equated with worldview
-includes beliefs about stereotypes, principles of resource allocation, role prescriptions
Value orientations
Captures the personality of a cultural group
Shift in wildlife orientation
From domination to mutalism is occurring in NA, in part as a result of modernization
