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Bio 113 > Test 1 > Flashcards

Test 1 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

know the characteristic of living things

A 
organized
obtain  nutrients
responds to their environment
develop
reproduce
adapt
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2
Q

Living things are organized –

A

Cells -> tissues -> organs -> organ systems -> organism

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3
Q

Ultimate source of energy for Earth is the sun.

A

Photosynthesis
light
CO2 + H2O - -> 02 + starch

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4
Q

Homeostasis

A

the ability to maintain a constant internal environment

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5
Q

Categories of classification – know the order

A 
Domain
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species
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6
Q

Know the correct classification of a human

A

Homo sapien

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7
Q

Kingdom Animal -consumers and are all multicellular

A 
Mammals – characteristics: hair & nipples
Monotremes – primitive mammals 
Lay hard shelled eggs
Duck billed platypus
Spiny ant eater
Marsupials – infants born in an immature condition
Kangaroo
Koalas
Tasmanian wolf
Opossums
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8
Q

Kingdom Plant

A

producers (photosynthetic) and are multicellular

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9
Q

Kingdom Fungi - decomposers, absorb living or dead organic matter as food

A

Fungal diseases -
Ergot
candida albicans (yeast)
tinea “ringworm” - athletes food

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10
Q

Kingdom Protist - unicellular or multicellular, nutritional needs vary

A 
algae  (plant-like)
plant-like and photosynthetic
classified by pigment
some are single celled others are multicellular
protozoa  (animal-like)
animal-like
unicellular
may be phagocytic (eat other protists)
cilia, flagella, and pseudopods enable movement
fungal-like protists
slime molds and water mold
decomposers
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11
Q

Domain Bacteria

A

classified by shape – cocci, bacilli, or spirals

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12
Q

Domain Arachae

A

single celled and live in extreme environments_
example - methanogens, thermoacidophiles, halophiles
Thermus aquaticus – used to copy human DNA for DNA testing

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13
Q

Biology

A

The study of Life

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14
Q

The Scientific Method starts with

A

an observation

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15
Q

Hypothesis

A

an educated guess
Only one hypothesis can be tested in an experiment
A good hypothesis is a logical explanation of event, it is testable, and accounts for all current information related to the events being studied
Some hypothesis are not testable

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16
Q

Scientific theory

A

formed from many hypothesis

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17
Q

Scientific law

A

universal and absolute

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18
Q

Double blind study

A

the administrator and the participants does not know who is in the test or control group

19
Q

Placebo

A

a medication that does not contain any active ingredients

20
Q

Evolution

A

process by which species have changed and new species evolved

21
Q

The earth is old

A

4.5 billion years old

22
Q

Pangaea

A

early origin of the earth formed by the merger of 2 supercontinents

23
Q

The earth still changes, but the

A

change is due to erosion, wind and rain

24
Q

Common descent

A

all organisms on the planet today evolved from a single ancestor

25
Q

Russell Wallace

A

scientist that developed the concept of survival of the fittest

26
Q

Charles Darwin

A

author of “On the Origin of Species”

27
Q

Mass extinction

A

disappearance of a large number of species

At least 5 have taken place on earth to date

28
Q

Jean-Baptiste Lamarck’

A

theory of evolution was based on acquired characteristics

29
Q

Biogeography

A

Study of the distribution of life forms on earth

30
Q

Speciation

A

formation of a new species when populations evolve differently

31
Q

Darwin’s finches

A

adaptive radiation

Multiple species evolving from one species

32
Q

Genetic mutation

A

due to mutation and sexual reproduction

Mechanism for evolution

33
Q

Industrial Melanism

A

microevolution - rare occurs over several generations.

34
Q

Artificial selection

A

breeding of dogs or plants for desired traits

35
Q

Survival of the fittest –

A

The fittest have traits best suited for the environment

Fitness determined by reproductive success

36
Q

Transitional forms

A

a link between and reptile and bird once did exist

37
Q

Vestigial structures

A

no longer needed; Wisdom teeth
Appendix
Outer ear

38
Q

Homologous structures

A

anatomical similarities indicating common descent

Forelimbs – horse, human, bat (use varies

39
Q

Analogous structures

A

structures which serve the same function, but are not constructed the same way –
Butterfly, bird, bat wing

40
Q

Embryology

A

similarities in early states of embryonic development

41
Q

Species

A

share a gene pools can give rise to fertile offspring

Mules, ligers, zorses, and broccoflowers are not new species but genetic hybrids and are sterile

42
Q

Adaptation

A 
characteristic that make an organism more suited to their environment
Jesus Christ lizard
Anaconda
Brazilian alligator bug
Peacock – demonstrates sex selection
Zebras
Poison dart frog
43
Q

Human Evolution

A

All primates share a common ancestor
Hominins – order of descent austalopithacus -> homo habilis -> home erectus
Out of Africa hypothesis - humans evolved from homo erectus to homo sapiens and migrated out of Africa

Bio 113 (1 decks)

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