Test 1 Flashcards
Also known as Plainsong, chants of the church, first kind of song
Gregorian Chant
5 criteria of Gregorian chant
- ) Unaccompanied vocal music
- ) Sung in Latin
- ) No regular meter or rhythm
- ) All voices singing in unison
- ) Gender specific (Men and women didn’t sing together.
Secular Music
Non-religious music, most of it lost bc musicians couldn’t read or write.
Non-secular music
Music of the Church, fairly well-preserved
Monophonic Music
1 line/sound of music
Polyphonic Music
More than 1 line/sound
Melismatic singing
Many notes per syllable (2 or more)
Syllabic Singing
1-2 notes per syllable
Minstrel
Traveling musicians who performed pre-written material
Trubadors
Musicians that did original music, most melodies about love.
Organum
Early Church polyphonic music
Chansom
- ) Sung in French
- ) Secular
- ) Lovesong
- ) Polyphonic
- ) Set to a poem
2 kinds of medieval instruments
Hauts (loud) and Bas (soft)
Hauts instruments: Drum, Sackbut, Shawm, Trumpet
Bas instruments: Harp, Lute, Recorder, Rebec, Transverse Flute
Motet
- ) Sung in Latin
- ) Sung about non-secular subject
- ) Sung in worship
- ) Sung A Capella
- ) Composition for Choir
- ) No instruments but organ
Madrigal
- ) Piece for several solo voices
- ) Lovesong
- ) Sung in any language EXCEPT Latin.
- ) Utilized word painting.
Hildegard of Bingen
First composer we have record of, wrote mainly Gregorian Chant, “O Greenest Branch”
Guillame De Mauchut
Composed mainly Organum, created 4-part polyphony.
Master Leoninus
Experimented with polyphony in the church, practically created Organum
Josquin De Desprez
“Michelangelo of music”, very important RENAISSANCE composer, composed both secular and non-secular music, main area of expertise was motets.
Palestrina
Composed Pope Marcellus Mass, showed that music could align with the music of the Catholic Reformation, was dubbed the “Savior of Church Music”, was extremely consistent and had to eliminate melismatic singing from the Church.
