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ENAV > Test 1 > Flashcards

Test 1 Flashcards

1
Q

How many hours of rest in a 24 hour period?

A

10

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2
Q

How many hours of rest in a seven day period?

A

77

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3
Q

Hours of rest may be divided into no more than

A

Two periods in a 24 hour period, one of which must be at least six hours

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4
Q

Intervals between consecutive periods of rest must not exceed

A

14 hours

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5
Q

The external force applied to the Gyro to change its plane of rotation resulting in the Gyro moving perpendicular to the application of the applied force is known as what?

A

Precession

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6
Q

What is a lubbers line?

A

The fixed line on a compass binnacle pointing towards the front of the ship and corresponding to the centerline of the vessel

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7
Q

What do you do in the event of a Gyro failure?

A

Inform the master
Switch to hand steering
Use magnetic compass or other means for heading indication
Consider the effects on other Navaids
Inform the engine room
Inform the officer responsible for general maintenance
Plot your position
Advise pilot if one is a board
Determine compass error as soon as possible

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8
Q

What Sends the Gyro signal to the repeater?

A

The transmitter

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9
Q

What adjustments are made to the auto pilot?

A

Rudder adjustment, weather adjustment, rudder limit, speed, load (light or loaded)
AB’s do not generally adjust, mates should adjust

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10
Q

What are the steering gear test requirements per SOLAS?

A

During stays in Port between voyages or passages a test to be carried out within 12 hours of the estimated time of “standby departure”

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11
Q

What is sent from the steering stand to the steering system?

A

An electrical signal

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12
Q

Even in the case of an electric hydraulic steering system, what moves the rudder ?

A

Hydraulics

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13
Q

Hard starboard or port =

A

35°

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14
Q

Full rudder =

A

30°

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15
Q

What are potential causes for steering failure?

A

Loss of control of the steering stand
Loss of steering pump on the steering stand
Failure of the steering pump in the steering gear room
Complete loss of diesel electric power
Physical loss of rudder
Not a Gyro failure

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16
Q

What are the procedures for steering failure?

A

Inform the master
Inform the engine room
Advise pilot if one is a board
Check for power failure or other indicated alarm condition
Modify the AIS status message to communicate relevant information
Make appropriate sound signal in restricted visibility

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17
Q

How do you operate the radar if your Gyro fails?

A

Head up

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18
Q

Explain how a radar works

A

A transceiver sends a pulse modulated signal out, measures the time until the signals return, determines distance from this, and can display the returns in a directionally accurate presentation because of the use of a directional antenna

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19
Q

What gives the best radar return echoes?

A

Large targets
The aspect of the target
The texture, smoother surfaces offer better reflection
The composition, steel has good, wood and fiberglass offer little reflective composition

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20
Q

Explain how the Doppler speed log works

A

it receives a reflective signal returning from the sea bed. The maximum efficiency to 600 feet over the ground. It also receives reflected signal from particles suspended in the water. It registers change in frequency, not time, to measure speed

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21
Q

What does the Fathometer indicate?

A

The depth of the water under the keel

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22
Q

The speed of sound through the water is approximately

A

4800 ft./s

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23
Q

Explain how a fathometer works

A

The Oscillator creates an electrical signal at the desired frequency. Then the transducer converts the electrical signal into ultrasonic vibrations for transmission and sends the depth indication back to the indicator unit

24
Q

CFR regs apply to who?

A

US vessels and vessels in US waters

25
Q

Give sources of error with the Doppler speed log

A

Transducer orientation (pitching and rolling)
Vessel motion error (vibration)
Velocity of sound error (changes in water temp or salinity)
Signal loss error (attenuation of sound in the water or bottom)

26
Q

What does the Doppler speed log give?

A

The speed of the vessel over ground and threw the water

27
Q

The speed of sound through the ocean water is nearly always

A

Faster than the speed of calibration for the Fathometer

28
Q

What factor has the greatest effect on the amount of gain required to obtain a Fathometer reading?

A

The type of bottom

29
Q

When operating over a muddy bottom, a Fathometer may indicate

A

2 depth readings

30
Q

The recording Fathometer produces a graphic record of the

A

Depth underneath the keel against a time base

31
Q

What should you apply to a Fathometer reading to determine the depth of water?

A

Add the draft of the vessel

32
Q

When using an echo sounder in deep water, it is not unusual to

A

Receive a strong return at about 200 fathoms (366 m) during the day, and one nearer the surface at night

33
Q

All echosounders can measure the

A

Actual depth of water below the keel

34
Q

The speed of sound in the water is approximately

A

4 1/2 times it’s speed in the air

35
Q

The Doppler speed log indicates speed over ground

A

In the bottom return mode

36
Q

A Doppler speed log indicates speed through the water

A

In the volume reverberation mode

37
Q

What will not induce errors into a Doppler sonar log?

A

Increased draft

38
Q

Doppler log in the volume reverberation mode indicates

A

Speed through the water

39
Q

A Doppler long in the bottom return mode indicates

A

Speed over the ground

40
Q

Watch condition A

A

One deck officer

41
Q

Watch condition B

A

Two deck officers

42
Q

Watch condition C

A

Three deck officers

43
Q

Watch condition D

A

Local pilot embarked

44
Q

According to the Masters standing orders, keep a proper lookout

A

At all times

45
Q

According to the masters standing orders, the two major factors cited in collisions and grounding’s are

A

Improper lookout and poor bridge watch standing procedures

46
Q

When do we fix the vessel’s position?

A

At least hourly in open waters,half hourly in coastal waters or safety fairways, and 15 minutes in pilot waters or more frequent intervals as directed or the situation arises

47
Q

According to the masters standing orders, before relieving the watch you should

A

Note the ships position core speed
Ascertain course speed and CPA of all vessels in vicinity
Be aware of all navaids
Note the RPM setting and engine room status
Advance hourly DR’s
Check the course, Gyro error and steering system being used
Ensure a proper lookout
Check VHF radio‘s
Familiarize with ARPA’s
Check expected weather
Check status of any faults alarms or equipment irregularities

48
Q

What kind of steering should we be in well in advance to any close quarters situation where the CPA will be less than 1 1/2 miles?

A

Hand

49
Q

Avoid using more than how much rudder?

A

10°

50
Q

Open ocean CPA

A

2 miles

51
Q

Safety Fairway CPA

A

1 mile for meeting at overtaking and 1.5 miles for crossing

52
Q

Single fishing vessel of slow speed CPA

A

Half mile

53
Q

At what range should you be carefully monitoring other vessel actions and making sure the desired CPAs are attained?

A

4 miles

54
Q

Immediately notify the master for any of the following conditions

A

Visibility less than 5 miles is encountered or expected
Heavy traffic conditions
Difficulty maintaining a course
Failure to cite land, and navigation Mark, or to obtain Soundings by the expected time
If land or a navigation Mark is cited or a change in the soundings occur unexpectedly
Failure of the main engine, aux generators steering gear, etc
Changes in weather that may require special precautions or a change of course and or speed
Advised changes in our current route by our weather routing service
Anytime you cannot maintain the required CPA limits

55
Q

What should you do if you cannot reach the master by phone or by using the PA system?

A

Give to short rings/blasts on the general alarm and/or whistle

56
Q

NAVTEX message ends with

A

NNNN

ENAV (2 decks)

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