Test 1 Flashcards
A revival of Southern Defiance
after the defeat in the war the south was shocked and demoralized. This shock didn’t hang around, however, and white southerners who supported the war, especially women, became increasingly vocal in their defiance of Washington. White southerners were defiantly unwilling to concede any wrongdoing relating to the war.
The Lost Cause
the term originated with Editor Edward Pollard when he blamed southern civilians and not the Confederate army for the South’s defeat. It later took on a larger meaning to refer to the memory, real or imagined, of white southern heroism.
Waving the Bloody Shirt
the tactic started by the Governor of Indiana. It involved protesting the policies of Andrew Johnson by pointing to the Democratic Party’s involvement in the Confederacy and the New York riots. This was a very effective tactic that led to a victory by Republicans in the midterms.
Horace Greeley
Editor of the powerful New York Tribune who along, with Abolitionist Gerrit Smith and Vanderbilt bail out Davis in order to begin the reconciliation process. Greeley was later the nominee of the Liberal Republicans who were then supported by the Democratic Party in an effort to dethrone Grant. His narrow defeat in the popular vote led to the passing of the 1872 Amnesty Act under the mistaken assumption that grateful southerners would vote Republican.
Compromise of 1876
the compromise that settled the disputed election between Tilden and Hayes also resulted in southern states having federal troops withdrawn and the destruction of black civil rights and the rise of Jim Crowe.
Ladies Memorial Associations
Groups of southern women that were formed with the purpose of honor and memorializing the southern dead in the absence of government assistance. They became prolific across the south and began to erect memorials to the southern dead across cemeteries and battlefields in both the north and south using private funds to move bodies and have them reinterred in the south. The memorials included pyramids and obelisks but not statues.
Grand Army of the Republic
was the first major veterans group formed after the war and advocated for better benefits for Union Veterans and their families. Immediately after its founding only 2% of veterans had joined but membership grew steadily throughout the 80s and 90s
Decoration Day
the first Decoration Day took place (according to Blight) in Charleston in May of 1865 and was celebrated primarily by black former slaves. Other origins have been proposed and there were many memorial celebrations both north and south that fused together over time into a mainstream Reconciliationist holiday. The first official Decoration Day in the former confederacy took place on April 26, which marked the surrender of Johnston, but the celebration of the holiday was scattered across the south.
John A Logan
A union general from Illinois and a democrat. He was the first president of the Grand Army of the Republic, which was the first major veterans group formed after the war and advocated for better benefits for Union Veterans and their families. He was the one that set the original date of Memorial Day on May 30th.
Southern Historical Society
Tasked with memorializing the southern confederate dead in the south.
Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr.
Author of the “Solder’s Faith,” He was a notable anti-reconciliationist. He talked about the generational divide between old and young and the weak and the strong. He was a champion of college football as a way to toughen young men up.
Jubal Early
former confederate general. He was central to the early formation of the Lost Cause perspective and the veneration of Lee. He wrote the first memoir of a civil war general in 1866. He called the war the War for Independence. He was involved in the dispute over where Lee should be buried. He was involved in many disputes over the war and eventually led to Early’s takeover of the SHS.
Southern Historical Society
formed by a group of confederate officers in New Orleans in 1869. Their seal was almost identical to the seal of the CSA. It’s objective was to write a southern military history of the war untarnished by northern perspectives.
Battle of the Books
a flurry of publishing of memoirs that took place among generals following the war. Most were written so as to address criticism or settle scores. Most books written by northern generals are steeped in the Won Cause tradition. Grants Memoirs are considered the greatest in this tradition.
Century Magazine
magazine that detailed a history of the war. It was then condensed into a four-volume history called Battles and Leaders
Battles and Leaders
the condensation into 4 volumes of Century Magazine. It holds numerous accounts of the war experience from both sides and is deeply reconciliaitonsist. It provides a treasure trove of accounts that are still heavily relied on today.
