Test #1

Question 1

Lost Christianities

Answer 1

based on the idea that before the 4th century there was no such thing as orthodoxy or canon and therefore there were several different (equal) forms of christianity. The idea that these groups were moved out by the council of Constantine.

Question 2

Canon

Answer 2

inclusive list (measure) of what counts as scripture. New Testament has 27 books. began in first century

Question 3

Canon Consciousness

Answer 3

by the early mid first century there was already mention of the three major divisions of the old testament… Jesus also talks about them in the book of Luke. Awareness of groups of major jewish writings that were more important than others. began in first century

Question 4

Scripture Consciousness

Answer 4

awareness of what should be considered to be the inspired word of began in first century

Question 5

Gnosticism

Answer 5

early threat to christian orthodoxy. Belief in a second god and a distinction between God and Jesus

Question 6

Marcionism

Answer 6

old testament god is inferior god and new testament god is superior god of goodness… stripped anything that mentioned the old testament.

Question 7

Montanism

Answer 7

all true believers in christ would manifest ecstatic outbursts of the holy spirit and by deprivation of the flesh.

Question 8

Hasmoneon Dynasty

Answer 8

jewish independence party. They came to exist after archeleius.

Question 9

Herod the Great

Answer 9

named king of the jews by the roman empire. Had a very large empire but he pushed hellenism so hard that there was continuous unrest between himself and the jews.
Pompey: roman general who put and end to jewish independence

Question 10

Herod Antipas

Answer 10

tetrarch over galilee at the time that Jesus was crucified and Pontus pilate spoke to him regarding what to do with Jesus.

Question 11

Nero

Answer 11

emperor who persecuted the jewish christians as a scapegoat for the fire in Rome and their tendency to be “antisocial”

Question 12

Gamaliel

Answer 12

pharisee who trained Paul

Question 13

Caiphas

Answer 13

high priest appointed by Rome at the time of Jesus’s crucifixion.

Question 14

Adam

Answer 14

first human. God made creational covenant with him and he was the first to break it (along with eve)

Question 15

Noah

Answer 15

built an ark and saved his family and animals. This is the recreational covenant with god

Question 16

Moses

Answer 16

used by god to free the people in captivity in egypt.

Question 17

David

Answer 17

king of israel. God makes a covenant stating there will always be a child of David on the throne of Israel.

Question 18

Ur

Answer 18

important urban centre in Mesopotamia where Abrahams family first migrated from.

Question 19

John the Baptist

Answer 19

prophet who prepares the way from the coming of jesus.

Question 20

Josephus

Answer 20

jewish historian who mentions Jesus as a historical figure.

Question 21

Tacitus

Answer 21

roman historian who mentions the crucifixion of Jesus

Question 22

Orthodoxy

Answer 22

approved theological and ethical beliefs

Question 23

Orthopraxy

Answer 23

practices based on approved theological and ethical beliefs

Question 24

Codex

Answer 24

significant for formation of the canon as its the first time you get a fixed order because its possible to fit more than one book

Question 25

Essenes

Answer 25

eschatological jewish sect believing they were believing in the end times and are responsible for the production of the dead sea scrolls.

Question 26

Hellenism

Answer 26

mix of green practice and thought with the thought and practice of other cultures that were conquered by Alexander the great and following powers. Significant because there is a great conflict between the jewish people and the forces of hellenism.

Question 27

Zealots

Answer 27

radical political jewish sect that rebelled against hellenizing forces in roman culture with the intent of bringing back jewish power - led to the jewish war in 66AD and led to the destruction of the temple in 70AD

Question 28

Pharisees

Answer 28

separate ones. They were careful to interpret the law and applied it to every aspect of life especially in the face of hellenizing pressures in roman rule. Because they believed the way to purify the land was not by military force but by strict observance of the law.

Question 29

Saducees

Answer 29

members of the jewish aristocracy. Politically and religiously conservative and held control of the temple with support of the romans.

Question 30

Sanhedrin

Answer 30

group of 71 people who ruled the temple with the high priest. They were under roman rule.

Question 31

Bet-ab

Answer 31

father’s household. Has to do with the culture of patriarchy.

Question 32

Redemption

Answer 32

act of patriarch putting his own resources on the line in order to restore a lost family member to a place of security within the kinship circle. A social term that informs our theological understanding.

Question 33

Covenant

Answer 33

a contract through with a fictive kinship relationship was established. A social term that informs our theological understanding.

Question 34

Gospels

Answer 34

the first four books of the new testament. They are closest to historical biography but they also seem to be their own specific thing/genre.

Question 35

Acts

Answer 35

similar to a history. Provides background to theological information you receive from epistles.

Question 36

Letters/Epistles

Answer 36

more similar to sermons than letters and inform you about the specifics about what is going on during the time.

Question 37

Discuss the role of honour and shame in the Greek and Roman world.

Answer 37

the most important thing was the donor of ones name so they tended to always do what would avoid shame and receive honor. however, christianity was a shameful thing and was counter-cultural.


Question 38

Discuss how the story of redemption is revealed through the language of patriarchy.

Answer 38

society was structured around first born sons. How reveals himself as father (patriarchy) who sends his first born son to redeem his lost children and bring them back into the bet-ab so they are able to share in his security and inheritance.

Question 39

What were the criteria for inclusion in the New Testament canon?

Answer 39

the idea of apostolic origin. written by an apostle or by someone who was in direct contact with them. Must be in agreement with original teachings of the apostles.

Question 40

Discuss the influence of persecution on the fixing of the New Testament Canon.

Answer 40

the possessions of scripture became illegal, knowledge of the scriptures became more important. They didn’t want to commit sacrilege and they didn’t want to get persecuted for something they weren’t really willing to die for.

Question 41

Describe the events leading up to the Maccabean Revolt.

Answer 41

Antiochus the 4th had begun religious persecution of the jews. Placed pagan alter and sacrificed animals to zeus (to recognize zeus and god as the same deity). Judas Maccabean rallied other jews to fight this rule.

Question 42

What effect did the destruction of the Temple have on the canon?

Answer 42

the destruction of the temple led to Judaism becoming a scripture based religion rather than a temple based religion.

Question 43

What was “the particular Christian offense” in the eyes of the Romans?

Answer 43

monotheism to the exclusion of participation in all other religion (also true of the jewish people) this was accepted in christians as an ethnic peculiarity but not tolerated for christians as they became a threat to roman culture and power.

Question 44

What are the two common tenants among parties of first century Judaism?

Answer 44

ethical monotheism (idea of one god and only he has implications on how they live
	eschatological hope (the idea that the messiah would come to save them)

Question 45

Which 5 covenantal figures help us organize the narrative of the Old Testament? *in order

Answer 45

Adam, Noah, Abraham, Moses, David

Question 46

How was the final Davidic King to be confirmed?

Answer 46

by genealogy and by word of the prophet (visibal representation of holy spirit and the voice of god himself)