Test 1 Flashcards
What do you do if somebody is moving during an x-ray?
decrease exposure time by half, increase kVp by 15%
What is the absorbed dose?
The amount of energy absorbed by a volume of matter when radiation passes through it
What are the three components of professionalism?
respect, competence, empathy
When does a child run forward? Pedal tricycle?
2 yo, 3 yo
What are the schedule 2 drugs?
opium, morphine sulfate, codeine sulfate, codeine phosphate, hydromorphone HCl, hydrocodone, ritalin
When does a child crawl? Pull itself to standing?
6 mo, 9 mo
What is the difference between view and projection?
view is the part of the foot that is closest to the film cassette. Projection is the part of the foot that the beam enters
What components are always in your plan?
future care
What are bounding pulses associated with? and seen with?
wide pulse pressure (>60), FACTS fever, aortic insufficiency, complete heart block, thyrotoxicosis, systolic HTN
What are the non-verbal communication skills that show professionalsm?
maintain eye contact, sit as soon as possible at a distance of 2-3 feet
How do you position the patient for a fluoroscopy?
Patient placed as close to the image intensifier as possible with x-ray unit placed as far away from the patient as possible
How do you compensate for a fiberglass cast during an x-ray?
increase mAs 1.5x nl
How do you compensate for a plaster cast during an x-ray?
increase mAs 2x nl or increase by 10kVp
What is effective dose equivalent?
Takes into account the absorbed dose, equivalent dose and the amount of biological damage caused by radiation to a specific organ
What is short contrast? How does it relate to kVp?
low kVp produces high contrast but leads to increased radiation damage-used in foot and ankle x-rays
Which drug schedule class can you write refills on one prescription for?
schedule 3 or 4 may be renewed no more than 5 times in 6 months
What do you do if the film looks too white?
increase kVp by 15%, half mAs
What are schedule 4 drugs?
V-Placks valium, phenobarbitol, librium, ativan, chloral hydrate, klonopin, serax
What is the primary factor in controlling contrast?
kVp
When does a child begin to prefer a hand?
2 yo
When does a child balance or hop on one foot? Heel toe walk? Skip one foot at a time?
4 yo, 5 yo, 6 yo
What separates a new patient from an established patient?
New patient if havent been seen in 3 years
What is 4/5 muscle strength?
Movement against resistance, but less than nl
When does a child lift their head? Control head position while sitting?
3 mo, 6 mo
What are the parts of a prescription?
SISSY Superscription-Rx on bottle Inscription-name and strength Subscription-directions for pharmacist Signa-directions for pt Your signature
What are schedule 5 drugs?
Buprenex, lomotil, codeine containing cough mixtures
How do you set the x-ray to view soft tissue and foreign bodies?
Decrease kVp by 15% and double mAs=short (high contrast)
What is a schedule 2 drug?
High abuse and psychological/physiological
When does a child walk? Ascend stairs with 2 hands?
14 mo, 18 mo
What is the difference between an AP and Mortise x-ray?
Mortise there is a clear demark of the fibula from the tibia
What is 1/5 muscle strength?
Visible muscle movement, but no movement at the joint
What is a schedule one drug? What are they?
high abuse and no medical use heroin, marijuana, LSD
What is the kVp? What is the normal range? What does it control?
energy of the x-ray beam or the penetrability of the x-ray in matter, 50-70 kVp’s, quality and quantity (mostly quality)
What are schedule 3 drugs? WHat are they?
Less abuse potential than 1 or 2, codeine phosphate and acetaminophen, anabolic steroids
What do you adjust if the film looks too dark?
decrease kVp by 15%, double mAs
What are the stages of developing an empathetic connection?
gain insight, identification, compassion, desire to alleviate the source of distress
What is dose equivalent?
Measure of biological damage caused by radiation realizing that different types of radiation cause different amounts of biological damage
What is exposure?
The amount of ionization that is produced when radiation passes through matter
What is 2/5 muscle strength?
Movement at the joint, but not against gravity
What is 3/5 muscle strength?
Movement against gravity but not resistance
What is long contrast? How does it relate to kVp?
high kVp produces low contrast, going too fast to produce a good image-very grey x-ray
What is mA? Range? Control?
tube current and controls the number of photons produced, 10-30, quantity
