Test 1 Flashcards
Define Accident
The occurrence in a sequence of events that produces an unintended injury, death or property damage
Know the first three priorities of a company when an accident occurs
The three priorities are providing emergency response, protect the employees involved from further harm and try to determine what happened so that measures can be taken to prevent it from happening again
Define: accident
The occurrence in a sequence of events that produces unintended injury, death or property damage.
Define incident
An unintentional event that may cause personal harm or other damage
Define near miss
An occurrence in a sequence of events that had the potential to produce injury, death or property damage but did not
Define accident investigation
A structured process of uncovering the sequence of events that produced or had the potential to produce injury, death or property damage and determine the causal factors and corrective actions.
Define causal factors
Events or circumstances that produced the accident
Define corrective actions
The actions taken to prevent the recurrence of an accident
- Three goals of an accident investigation
- Determine the accident sequence without placing blame
- Recommend Corrective Actions
- Update the overall safety Program
Know and label the accident ratio diagram per Bird and Germain
1 Serious injury
2 Minor injuries
30 Property damage
600 Accidents with no visible injury or damage ( near misses)
The length of time needed to investigate an accident depends on what?
The complexity and severity of an accident is what determines the length of an investigation
Know how the Heinrich domino theory works
Heinrichs theory works by comparing the sequence of events in an accident to a set of dominoes
What are the two most important factors in determing the causes and corrective actions for accidents
Unsafe acts and unsafe conditions
Three phases of accident investigation
The investigative phase
the analytical phase
the recommendation phase
Know what starts the analytical phase of accident investigation
Discovering facts about the accident is what starts the analytical phase
Know what is problem with using the root cause concept
The problem is that the term “root cause” has many meanings among safety professionals
Main focus of an accident investigation
Fixing a problem or problems is the main focus of accident investigation.
Know four components of an accident investigation program
- 1 formal written accident investigation policy
- 2 training in emergency response
- 3 training in accident investigation
- 4 an accident investigation kit
What 2 actions emergency response personnel should take first
- SECURE THE SCENE
2. PROVIDE CARE TO THE INJURED
10 items that should be included in an accident investigation kit
Barricade tape Cones Tape measure Flashlight/spotlight Evidence bags Evidence tags Tweezers Gloves(latex and work) PPE Binoculars
Name 4 types of evidence
1) Physical Evidence - Hardware and solid material related to the accident
2) Paper Evidence - Any type of written documentation related to the accident
3) People Evidence - The evidence that is gathered from people, usually in the form of statements or interviews
4) Photographic or picture evidence - media that can document the scene and transfer knowledge
Know which type of evidence is least likely to be damaged in an accident
Paper evidence is the least likely to be damaged
Know when witnesses should be interviewed
witnesses should be interviewed as soon as possible after the accident
Know how long you should collect evidence
Evidence collection should continue until you have enough information to document the accident sequence, determine causal factors and develop corrective actions.
3 categories that physical evidence is broken into
visual
testing
placement or puzzle evidence
Know what factors are important when taking photos of an accident
Take big pictures, pictures of the overall accident scene
include a reference guide ie ruler
keep a picture log
What analytical process is
the systematic thought process of breaking down information
What is goal of causal analysis
to find all of the causes including the systemic causes - not just the immediate or superficial causes
Know what the 5 why technique is
Asking “WHY” five times to get to the root of a problem
What type of causal factors exist at the worker/equipment level, supervisor level, management level and corporate level
Worker/equipment level:
Equipment failures, inadequate training, inexperience and what many call human error.
Supervisor level:
Inadequate handling of job safety analysis, communication or scheduling and lack of proper supervision.
Management level:
Budget issues, communication and policies/procedures.
Corporate level:
Dictates the culture, philosophy and style of the company
Know what a hazard is
A hazard is something that has the potential to cause injury
Know what a failure is
A failure is something that goes wrong with personnel, equipment, or the environment
