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EKG 1 > Test 1 > Flashcards

Test 1 Flashcards

1
Q

JX Escape Rhythm looks like

A

40-60BPM - no P wave or inverted before/after QRS; lone QRS complex present

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2
Q

AV node is AKA

A

Gatekeeper

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3
Q

Atrial Flutter is

A

Rapid series of atrial DEPO
Sawtooth appearance
AV takes a long time to REPO so only few depo’s reach vents

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4
Q

PRI increased/Consistent

A

1st degree block

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5
Q

3rd degree block is

A

Total ventricular block Atrial/Ventricles pace inherently independent of each other

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6
Q

Irregular Rhythms

A

Multiple active automaticity sites that lacks constant duration cycles

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7
Q

Torsades is/looks like

A

Form of ventricular tachycardia
250-350BPM
Polymorphic QRS
Twisting points

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8
Q

Foci rates including SA node

A

SA node - 60-100BPM
Atrial - 60-80BPM
JX(AV) - 40-60BPM
Ventricle - 20-40BPM

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9
Q

NL QRS width

A

<3 small boxes

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10
Q

ST seg represents

A

a portions of ventricle depo

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11
Q

Multifocal PVC’s is

A

Multiple ventricle foci causes different QRS morphology

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12
Q

Tachyarrythmias

A

Rapid Rhythms in irritable foci; 1 or moe pacing all at once

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13
Q

P-Wave without QRS (2)

A

2nd or 3rd degree blocks

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14
Q

V5 chest lead

A

AAL - 5th ICS

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15
Q

Sinus Block is (3)

A

SA node fails at least one cycle SA node will resume pacing in step w/ previous rhythm Longer pause may induce escape contraction

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16
Q

6 chest lead names

A

V1-6

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17
Q

Sinus Arrest

A

SA node stops pace making completely; however no back up foci take over. SA node resumes after pause

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18
Q

PRI increased + QRS drop

A

2nd degree type II (Mobitz)

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19
Q

Sa node is AKA

A

Pacemaker

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20
Q

A-fib looks like

A

No discernible P-waves; Irregularly irregular ventricle response (R-R); 350-450BPM

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21
Q

BBB looks like

A

2 superimposed QRS complexes = wide QRS complex R-R’ (R’ delayed)

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22
Q

Atrial Escape Rhythm looks like

A

60-80BPM - has P’ - QRS looks same

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23
Q

MAT is

A

WAP sped up, sick heart develops resistance to overdrive, all foci pace together, COPD

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24
Q

Sinus Block

A

SA node fails once cycle then resumes in step w/ previous rhythm (may induce escape)

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25
Q

V-Fib looks like

A

No Identifiable waves; 350-450 BPM

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26
Q

WPW syndrome is

A

Abnl pwathway called bundle of Kent

Short circuits AV node dealy od depo causing a premature ventricular contraction before AV induces one

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27
Q

P-wave represents

A

SA node firing & depo contracting atria to push blood into ventricles

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28
Q

L BBB is

A

Left slow; right good (V5-6)

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29
Q

1st degree EKG characteristics

A

Increased/Consistent PRI P-QRS-T normal each cycle

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30
Q

DX of BBB is based on

A

Wide QRS complex

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31
Q

6 Arm/Leg lead locations/names

A

R/L arm & L left I,II,II, AVR,AVL,AVF

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32
Q

Sinus block EKG characteristics

A

No P-wave

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33
Q

PVC looks like

A

LRG QRS complex w/ compensatory pause

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34
Q

Stokes-Adams Syndrome

A

Pacing from a ventricular focus is so slow that blood flow to the brain is significantly reduced leading to syncope

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35
Q

V-fib is

A

Multiple ventricle foci pacemaking rapidly; Ineffective twitching of vents

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36
Q

3rd degree block looks like

A

Compare P-P vs R-R, Regular but at their respect rhythm?

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37
Q

Wenkebach looks like

A

Gradually increased PRI w/ failed QRS after last conducted P-wave; p-p is regular

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38
Q

PVC compensatory Pause

A

Ventricles still in refractory from PVC and still need time to repo before continuing

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39
Q

Analyzing EKG method

A

P before every QRS
QRS after every P
PRI for AV blocks
QRS widths for BBB

40
Q

PR seg represents

A

End of atrial contraction; just before ventricles contract

41
Q

PRI variable

A

3rd Degree block

42
Q

Tachyarrythmias 250-350

A

A-flutter & torsades

43
Q

Tachyarrythmias 350-450

A

A-fib or V-fib

44
Q

V2 chest lead

A

L-4ICS

45
Q

QTI represents

A

Entire ventricle contraction/relaxation and includes
QRS wave
ST seg
T-wave

46
Q

PRI increased/progressive

A

2nd degree type I (Wencke)

47
Q

WAP looks like

A

3 or more P wave morphologies; <100 BPM; causes irregular atrial/ventricle rhythm

48
Q

Sick Sinus Syndrome (4)

A

SA node dyfx; unresponsive to atrial foci; no escape contractions; Intermittent brady/tachy

49
Q

Tachy arryth differs from sinus tachy in 2 way

A

GRADUAL response , NO automaticity focus

50
Q

Reset pacing

A

After a premature contraction; if the depo reaches dominant foci, it will continue only after one full cycle length from the premature stimulus

51
Q

Av node causes depo to

A

slow down allowing blood to flow from atria to vents

52
Q

WAP is

A

Irregular Rhythm; PM activity wanders from SA node into atria; Each diff foci produces diff P wave; and foci shift from SA, Atria, AV

53
Q

Reasons for an EKG

A

Unexplained syncope/dizziness/palpitations
SOB, chest pain, Fatigue
Neurological from A-fib/A-flutter

54
Q

A fib is

A

Rapid atrial foci (CHAOS); No depo fully contracts atria; and onle some atria depos reach AV node to conduct Vents

55
Q

NL sinus rhythm means

A

Reg Pwave before every QRS complex

56
Q

NL QT interval

A

<1/2 R-R distance

57
Q

Mobitz looks like

A

Prolonged consistent PRI; until sudden QRS drop; P-P reg; 2:1 ratio or higher P-wave:QRS

58
Q

V1 chest lead

A

R-4ICS

59
Q

1st degree block is

A

Prolonged AV conduction

60
Q

PRI decreased

A

WPW syndrome

61
Q

Ventricular conduction starts at

A

the bundle of HIS

62
Q

Heart Block locations (3)

A

SA, AV, BBB

63
Q

V4 chest lead

A

MCL - 5th ICS

64
Q

NL PRI

A

3-5 small boxes

65
Q

PR interval represents

A

SA node reaching AV node

66
Q

Escapes

A

Automaticity foci response to a pause in SA node PM, allowing the foci to escape OD

67
Q

Couplet is

A

the cycle containing the premature contraction + normal cycle

68
Q

BBB is

A

Delays depo to ventricle it supplies Equals two nonsimultaneous DEPO of each vent

69
Q

QRS wave represents

A

ventricular depo/contraction

70
Q

6 second counting method is for what rhythms

A

Bradycardia and Irregular

71
Q

Idioventricular Escape Rhythm looks like

A

20-40BPM; P-wave absent or not related

QRS Wide

72
Q

Fibrillation is

A

Erratic w/ no rhythm - waves are not distinguishable

73
Q

Sinus arrythmias

A

NL variant
not a true arrythmia
due to inspirations - increases HR

74
Q

What does the bundle of HIS do?

A

Accelerates depolorization to ventricles

75
Q

Premature contractions

A

Irritable foci prematurely causes one depo/contraction earlier than expected

76
Q

2nd degree block type II is

A

Mobitz - total blocks for a number of QRS until P-wave is successful in vent depo

77
Q

A-Flutter looks like

A

Sawtooh
more P-waves then QRS complexes
250-350BPM

78
Q

WPW syndrome looks like

A

Short PRI
Delta Wave
Wide QRS
Inverted T-wave

79
Q

V6 chest lead

A

MAL - 5th ICS

80
Q

T-wave represents

A

a portion of ventricle depo & end of ventricle contraction

81
Q

R BBB is

A

Right slow; Left Good (V1-2)

82
Q

2nd degree block type I is

A

Wenckebach - going, going, gone

83
Q

V3 chest lead

A

Midway between V3 & V4

84
Q

PJC looks like

A

Absent or inverted P-wave w/ every contraction

85
Q

Heart block

A

Delays/Prevents Depo

86
Q

Ventricle tachycardia looks like

A

3 or more PVC’s in rapid succession

87
Q

PAC looks like

A

Has P’ and was stimulated earlier than expected

88
Q

Idioventricular Rhythm causes (2)

A

Complete conduction block high in the ventricular conduction system below the AV node. MOST COMMON
Failure of the SA node and all automaticity centers above. RARE

89
Q

MAT looks like

A

3 or more P wave shapes; >100BPM; Irregular P-P/R-R/PRI

90
Q

Multifocal PVC’s

A

Multiple ventricle foci = diff QRS morphologies

91
Q

NL T-wave Hgt

A

<1/3 of previous R-wave hgt

92
Q

SInus Arrest is/looks like

A

Sick SA node stops (no P-wave); no foci backs up/escapes = no QRS; SA node picks back up with NL Pwave and QRS complexes

93
Q

Tachyarrythmias 150-250

A

Paroxysmal tachy = Atrial, JX, Vent tachy

94
Q

Big box dimensions

A

0.2s by 0.5mV

95
Q

Small box dimensions

A

0.04seconds by 0.1mV

EKG 1 (1 decks)

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