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Test 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is international studies?

A

The field of inquiry that examines human relationships that involve cross-border interactions

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2
Q

What are the 5 types of borders?

A

Geographic, Political, Economic, Social, and Cultural

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3
Q

What type of border doesn’t usually change, and which one can easily change?

A

Geographic borders typically remain the same, but political borders can change

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4
Q

What does being a state mean?

A

Institution, not just U.S.A; ex: UK is a state, USA is a state, Iceland is a state

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5
Q

What are geographic borders?

A

How and where humans have settled and to the degree of which they interact with each other. Ex: Continents

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6
Q

What are political borders?

A

Distinguished on the basis of territory, population, government, and recognition by others. Ex: USA, Canada, UK, Iceland, etc.

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7
Q

What are economic borders?

A

Markets that promote exchange of goods and services across political borders. Ex: NAFTA, EU, APEC, etc

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8
Q

What are social borders?

A

Class divisions that were formed by inequalities of opportunity. Ex: African countries

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9
Q

What are cultural borders?

A

Form identities in term of language, religion, ethnicity, etc. Ex: African tribes

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10
Q

What is globalization?

A

The political, economical, social, and cultural flows across international systems; broad range of interactions; ability to communicate quickly

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11
Q

What are the waves of globalization?

A

First: silk road (BCE)
Second: 1500s
Third: Technology (current)

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12
Q

What are pros and cons of globalization?

A

Pros: standard of life has improved, creation of jobs, and empowers people
Cons: people feel unable to control their lives, increased amount of urbanization and poor living standards, divides the rich and poor, no traditional way of living, and there is no focus on human condition

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13
Q

What does Thomas Friedman talk about with globalization?

A

The actions that state must take in order to compete in the global market are: a balanced budget, cut state bureaucracy, promote the private sector, and encourage free trade

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14
Q

What is isolationism?

A

When there is minimal contact with the outside world; bad for most countries because everything is exported or imported

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15
Q

Globalization gives ride to global issues and requires a collective response. True or False.

A

True.

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16
Q

What are human settlements?

A

Displacement due to conflict, war, economic pressures, or natural disasters. Ex: refugee camps in Dadaab, Kenya

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17
Q

Rapid population growth has a positive impact on environment. True or False.

A

False. Rapid population growth has a negative impact on the environment because of destruction of land and natural habitats, species extinction, and atmospheric pollution.

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18
Q

What is the global commons?

A

The natural asset of earth that is available to all.

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19
Q

What is a carrying capacity?

A

The ability for earth to meet the needs of population

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20
Q

What is sustainable development?

A

When the needs of the present are met without compromising the future generations needs

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21
Q

What is the Malthusian dilemma?

A

Thomas Malthus stated that population grows geometrically while food grows arithmetically, causing there to not be enough arable land by 2050

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22
Q

What hinders the availability of food?

A

Natural disasters, overuse of fertilizer and land, war and disruption of supply

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23
Q

What is food insecurity?

A

Chronic undernourishment

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24
Q

Why are food prices on the rise?

A

There is a growing demand, production limitations, and increasing investor speculation in commodities

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25
What is deforestation?
Forests being cleared out for several reasons
26
What is desertification?
The degradation of land
27
Why is water quality getting worse?
Due to trash, toxic runoff, and human/animal waste
28
Why is air pollution getting worse?
Due to industrial output, fossil fuels and greenhouse gases
29
What is digitization?
The conservation of information to computer ready formats
30
What is the information revolution?
THe rapid spread of and access to all forms of communication
31
What does Thomas Friedman believe about technology?
That it makes the world flat politically, economically, socially, and the world is less heirarchial; Pankaj Ghemawat disagrees
32
What is the digital age?
The development of digital technology characterized by the ability to transfer large amounts of information with ease and access knowledge from anywhere
33
What is the digital divide?
The unequal access to internet (the ones who have it vs. the ones who don't); occurs in parts of the US as well as other parts of the world
34
What is the industrial revolution?
The 18th century transformation from human-animal based labor to machine based labor
35
What were important improvements during the industrial revolution?
Transportation and communication; steam engine train, aviation, automobile
36
What was the importance of the invention of the train?
They allowed mass amounts of product o be moved and boosted trade both domestically and abroad
37
What does transportation look like today?
Trains, cars, trucks, boats, airplanes
38
What was the timeline of communication innovations?
Telegraph -> telephone (wireless in WWI )-> radio and books -> e-readers
39
What does the internet look like today?
Big data; increased amount/variety of data; disease prevention, intelligence, etc.
40
What are benefits of internet?
Useful for people with few political resources; can manipulate power (cyberterrorism, WikiLeaks); promotes mobility of production and movement of goods/services; encourages creation of communities, preserve traditions, and incorporate new styles of food, dress, art, etc.
41
Who is Thucydides and why is he important?
Ancient Greece; Melian debate (Melos vs. Athens); explains the importance of a strong military; "arm yourself to protect yourself"
42
Who is Machiavelli and why is he important?
16th century Italy; wrote "The Prince," which discussed how power gains political dominance; early conceptualization of realism; "is is better to be a kind leader or a feared leader?"
43
Who is Joseph Nye and why is he important?
Came up with the three forms of world politics (Imperial, Feudal, Anarchic)
44
What is the imperial form of politics?
That one government is dominant over most of the world. Ex: Queen Victoria in UK
45
What is the feudal form of politics?
That loyalty and political obligations are more important than political boundaries
46
What is the anarchic form of politics?
Relatively cohesive organizations of political units with no higher central authority; most common today
47
What is the importance of the Westphalian Accords of 1648?
Ended 30 years war; states are at the center of European order vs. the Roman Empire
48
What is sovereignty?
The rights that the states have to self-determine
49
What is nationalism?
The commitment to and support of the interests of one nation
50
Who was in the triple alliance vs the triple entente?
Alliance: Germany, Italy, Austria-Hungary (1882) Entente: France, Great Britain, Russia (1907)
51
What is colonialism?
The extension of state systems and the pursuit of power; wealth and religion
52
What is political science?
The study of political behavior; institutionalized at turn of 20th century
53
What is realism?
The struggle for power and the potential for conflict is a necessary evil
54
What is liberalism?
The potential for cooperation
55
What is constructivism?
The state and rules that govern are artificial constructs (subjective)
56
What is the importance of Woodrow Wilson?
Supported the League of Nations, but US refused to sign and it failed; UN was then created
57
What was idealism?
Emphasis of cooperation to establish peaceful world order
58
What did the UN do?
Created in 1945; created lasting peace; realist and idealist ideas; security council consists of the big five and rotating members
59
What was the Cold War?
Not an official war between USSR and USA; created a bipolar world
60
What is a bipolar world?
The world is divided into two states with the most power?
61
What did the US want vs. the USSR?
US: suppress the spread of communism USSR: suppress dissension among states
62
What was the Cuban Revolution?
1959: threat to US political monopoly in western hemisphere
63
What was the Bay of Pigs invasion?
1961: failed attempt to overthrow Fiadel Castro
64
What was the Cuban Missel Crisis?
1962: USSR attempted to install nuclear missiles and the US blockaded
65
What did Ho Chi Minh want?
Wanted more communications in Vietnam
66
What is the Reagan Doctrine?
Involvement in Nicaragua and Afghanistan; keeps Soviets out of South America
67
What were the reasons that the USSR began to decline in 1991?
Difficulty in managing leadership succession, stagnant economy, prolonged war in Afghanistan, growing political unrest in republics, East European pro-democracy movement, fall of Berlin Wall in 1989
68
What is the difference of the Gaza Strip and the West Bank?
Gaza Strip: Western Palestine | West Bank: Eastern Palestine
69
Why is Palestine divided?
Sovereignty, security, access to water and other resources, and access to religious sites
70
What is the timeline for conflict in the Israeli/Palestinian area?
1917: Balfour Declaration 1947: UN partition of Palestine 1948: State of Israel 1967: Six-day war 1973: Yom Kippur War, oil embargo 1978: President Carter: Camp David Accords 1993: President Clinton: Oslo Accords 2003: UN, Kofi Annan: Road Map to Peace 2006: Israel vs. Lebanon
71
What was the Palestine Liberation Movement?
Political movement for Palestinian state; Fatah led by Arafat; resistance and intifada
72
What were the Camp David Accords?
Peace agreement with Egypt and Israel in 1979; declining Egypt economy; Anwar Sadat assassinate
73
What were the Oslo Accords?
Israeli and Palestinian agreement; Rabin assassinated
74
What was the Road to Peace?
Framework for two-state system; first time US publicly supported Palestine sovereignty
75
What is proliferation?
Advanced in technology and ease and availability of many channels to acquire weapons; involvement of non-state actions

INTL 101 (1 decks)

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