Test 1

Question 1

How far do records go back in england? usa and europe?

Answer 1

325, and 200

Question 2

WMO

Answer 2

world meteorological organization-international agency responsible for worldwide climatic data/instruments standards; authoritive voice on earths atmosphere, its interaction with oceans, climate and distribution of water resources

Question 3

NCDC/NCEI

Answer 3

NCEI-national centers for environmental info-climatological library and research for the us (worlds largest) operated by the NOAA to describe, monitor, and assess climate and support efforts to predict changes in atmosphere. (produce climate change reports-high tide/flooding)

Question 4

IPCC

Answer 4

intergovernmental panel on climate change-to understand the scientific basis of risk of human induced climate change-only do assessments from what scientists have said

Question 5

Regional climatology

Answer 5

simple presentation of climatological data to describe the climate of a location

Question 6

physical climatology

Answer 6

shows why the maps look like that (precip up or down)

Question 7

dynamic

Answer 7

focuses on atmospheric motion on large scales and how that dictates the climate variability (jet stream, winds)

Question 8

synoptic climatology

Answer 8

focuses on regional scale, focuses on atmosphere on air masses

Question 9

bioclimatology

Answer 9

living things with environment

Question 10

paleoclimatology

Answer 10

study climate prior to the instrumental weather record (tree cores, lake sediment)

Question 11

atmospheric comp: N

Answer 11

70%

Question 12

O

Answer 12

21%

Question 13

water vapor

Answer 13

0-4%

Question 14

CO2

Answer 14

0.01

Question 15

Ozone

Answer 15

.11%

Question 16

radiately active

Answer 16

interacts in a diff way, temporarily keeping it from escaping into space

Question 17

volcanic gases are composed of:

Answer 17

80% water vapor, 10% co2, n-5-10%

Question 18

inversion

Answer 18

if tropospheric air temp increases with height “caps” lower atmosphere trapping pollution

Question 19

pascals

Answer 19

mercury air temp

Question 20

mass ozone concentration is located

Answer 20

15 mi above, absorbs 98% of radiation

Question 21

uv radiation breaks down

Answer 21

cfc’s releasing Cl, destroys o3 rapidly

Question 22

ozone layer thinned by

Answer 22

3% from 79 to 91 over heavily populated areas of n hemisphere

Question 23

greatest thinning over

Answer 23

antarctica

Question 24

stratospheric clouds

Answer 24

produce surfaces that accelerates chemical reactions, cold and dry air pools

Question 25

heat capacity

Answer 25

the ratio of the amount of heat energy absorbed by a substance to the temp rise that occurs in the substance

Question 26

specific heat

Answer 26

amount of energy needed to raise the temp 1 degree C

Question 27

latent heat

Answer 27

released

Question 28

sensible heat

Answer 28

absorbed

Question 29

radiant flux density

Answer 29

amount of energy recieved on a unit surface area per unit time

Question 30

stefan boltzman law

Answer 30

higher the temp of object the greater amount of total energy emitted

Question 31

weins law

Answer 31

higher the temp, shorter the wavelength of max radiation emitted by object

Question 32

electromagnetic spectrum

Answer 32

7% uv, 44% vis light, 37% near infrared

Question 33

emissivity

Answer 33

radiation emitted/radiation emitted by black body

Question 34

solar constant

Answer 34

mean amount of energy reaching 1m^2 of outer atmosphere of earth every second

Question 35

radiative equilibrium

Answer 35

absorption of swr=emission of LWR

Question 36

selective absorber

Answer 36

earths atmosphere absorbs some wavelengths of radiation but not others

Question 37

atmospheric greenhouse effect

Answer 37

CO2 and H20 acts as insulating blanket as they prevent some LWR from escaping to space quickly

Question 38

albedo

Answer 38

portions of earths surface reflects large amount of incoming SWR, have high albedo (avg=31%)

Question 39

SWR budget

Answer 39

total amount of energy that arrives at top of earths atmosphere, 20% clouds, 6% scattered back to space, 4% reflected by earth

Question 40

LWR budget

Answer 40

51% absorbed by earths surface, heating an reemission as LWR, 91% emitted from atmosphere, 9% from earths atmosphere

Question 41

LWR

Answer 41

radiation hits troposphere (cooler) reflect back to space

Question 42

perihilion

Answer 42

nearest- jan 2

Question 43

aphelion

Answer 43

farthest july 4

Question 44

latitude determines amount of solar energy recieved

Answer 44

angle at which sunlight strikes surface AND amount of time above horizon

Question 45

earths axis

Answer 45

23.5

Question 46

daytime

Answer 46

more SWR reflected by clouds, and SWR reaching surface goes into evap. of water than heating surface (cooler)

Question 47

night time

Answer 47

more LWR absorbed and counter radiated toward the surface (warmer)

Question 48

global warming: when? where?

Answer 48

temp has risen 1.66F over the past 137 years