TEST 1

Question 1

Define Cybersecurity

Answer 1

Cyber security is protecting the confidentiality, integrity and access of the data

Question 2

What are the network requirements

Answer 2

Speed, distance, delay, reliability, and cost

Question 3

Fragmentation

Answer 3

Break up the message into segments and each segment gets its own envelop(header, trailer), then those segments get routed through the network to the receiver

Question 4

Define what a host is

Answer 4

Any computer attached to a network, as that includes large servers, desktop PC’s, laptops, tablets, smartphones, etc..

Question 5

What is I.P. addressing?

Answer 5

• logical reference to identifying the host
• Dynamic - For people who are periodic users of the network
  - ex. Laptops are subscribed for a period of time
• Static - Always there
  - network equipment, ex. Email

Question 6

What is the internet?

Answer 6

Collection of thousands of single networks and smaller internet’s as they all interconnect to form a single transmission system that in principle allows any internet host to reach any other host

Question 7

Internet exchange points

Answer 7

All networks to interconnect directly via the exchange

Verizon—> internet exchange point—> AT&T

Question 8

Define a Virtual Machine

Answer 8

Consists of many logical machines on one simple machine. Can be logically a windows server but shows a dozen others

Question 9

Explain a domain name server

Answer 9

• type : www. Ford.com
• the internet can’t interpret that
• the browser will contact a DNS server to get to map www. Ford.com to an I. P. Address in the form of xxx.xxx.xxx…etc
• depending on where you’re coming from the address will be mapped to different servers

Question 10

Net Neutrality

Answer 10

Principle that ISPs should enable access to all content and applications regardless of the source, and without favoring or blocking particular products or websites

Question 11

What are the benefits and risks of using a cloud service provider?

Answer 11

Benefits

• able to access data easier b/c of how big
• ease of implementation
• flexibility- system resources
• capital expense

Risks

• accessibility for attacks
• out of your control
• subject to cloud providers standards

Question 12

Multiplexing

Answer 12

Set of technique hat allows the simultaneous transmission of signals across a single data link

Question 13

What does a router do?

Answer 13

Routes traffic between two or more networks

Question 14

What does a switch do?

Answer 14

Routes traffic between a single network

Question 15

What does an access point do?

Answer 15

• creates a wireless local area

- bridge between a wireless station and a wired LAD

Question 16

What is the peering point?

Answer 16

Or internet exchange point is a data center that allows us to connect to individually owned and managed networks of different vendors

Question 17

What are the techniques to protect your device?

Answer 17

Firewalls- monitors and controls your network traffic
Scan for malware- software intended to damage or disable computers and computer systems
Security patches- update computer software to fix network vulnerabilities and other bugs

Question 18

Encapsulation

Answer 18

Adding a new envelope

Question 19

Name each of the five TCP/IP network layers and briefly describe their role/service in the network communication process

Answer 19

Email. Application- file transfer
TCP. Transport - error detection; host to host
IP. Internet - connects host to different networks
Data Links- sends segments to the same network
Wires. Physical- physically sends the signal

Question 20

Interoperability

Answer 20

Product or a system, whose interfaces are completely understood, to work with other products or systems

Question 21

Explain message ordering

Answer 21

“Three way handshake”

Question 22

Semantics

Answer 22

Meaning of a message
- most common HTTP request message is a GET message, which requests a file. There’s also POST request messages, which uploads files

Question 23

Syntax

Answer 23

How the message is organized

Question 24

Equifax hack

Answer 24

• used “cross site scripting”
• can be fixed with input validation
• hacker inputs code to the website, the user inputs their user name and password and that information gets sent to the hacker