Test 1 Flashcards
What is a standardized test that compares an individual’s abilities with those of same-age peers?
Norm Referenced
What is a test that scores generated make a statement about the behavior that can be expected of a person with that score
Criterion Referenced
What is the appropriate method of assessment in AAC?
Administer standardized measures in non standard ways in order to gather information about how the patient best communicates.
What is direct selection?
includes pointing with a body part such as a finger, hand, or toe, or through the use of a pointing device such as a beam of light, head stick, or mouth stick. Switches can be turned on with a body part, puff of air, or wrinkle of an eyebrow.
What is scanning?
Involves the use of lights on a system that pass over each choice that the user activates to switch to stop the light and pick a choice, other types are auditory scanning and scan patterns. Requires less motor control but possibly more cognitive skill and patience.
What is encoding?
The user learns to use specific codes for each message. Can be a very rapid way of expressing lengthy messages. If mental abilities are better than motor abilities, this can provide a greater range of vocabulary options.
A person with left side neglect may only eat what they see on the _________ of the plate.
Right side.
Left side neglect is a __________ condition.
Neurological
It is estimated that _____ percent of right sides strokes result in some degree of left side neglect.
25
Damage to the _______ ______ of the brain can cause right side neglect, but this condition is less common and often ______ severe than left neglect.
left side; less
SLP’s have to think about access to ________ when setting up an AAC device.
Vocabulary
What are aided symbols?
Those that require something external to the body to represent meaning, for example a book, picture, board, or device.
What are unaided symbols?
Those that use only movements or sounds from the human body to represent meaning.
What should a SLP do with a child who has CP and can utter a few words?
Test for AAC
What should a SLP do with a teen who has ASD, and he doesn’t want to go to speech therapy?
Find motivators, create positive experiences for him in speech therapy.
What should a SLP do with a student transitioning to high school, and he is not making measurable gains in articulation therapy. He has a diagnosis of DS.
Test for AAC
The more familiar speech-language pathologist’s are with AAC techniques, the better advocates they become for augmented communication in _________, _________, ________, and _______ ________ __________.
schools, clinics, homes, and acute care settings.
A _________ ________, __________, or ________ __________ can help a student or client reach his/her maximum potential as a communicator.
Communication board, application, dedicated device
This speech-generating device can produce electronic output.
Speech output
What is digitized speech?
When someone has to record and talk into it, used for someone who cannot generate their own language.
What is synthesized speech?
Computer generated speech, sounds “robotic” and used by a person who can generate their own words.
What is a dedicated system?
A device dedicated to communication. Ex: Accent 1000, Tobii-Dynavox
What is a non-dedicated system?
A device that can be used for communication, but it can be used for other things. (Ipad or computer)
What are fixed displays?
Refers to any displays which symbols and items are “fixed” in a particular location. The number of symbols is limited.
What are dynamic display?
Refers to a computer screen displays with electronically produced visual symbols that when activated automatically change selection set on a screen to a new set of programmed symbols.
What are visual scene displays?
More real life symbols and ability to import real photographs, makes it highly contextualized display, embedded symbols/icons in the scene.
Who needs to be on the AAC team?
SLP, child psychologist, developmental pediatrician, OT, PT, teacher,parent, caregivers, spouse, AAC user (the lead member of the team), rehabilitative engineer, paraprofessionals.
What is no tech technology?
No battery source
What is mid tech technology?
Range of ease between high and low technology.
What is high tech technology?
Requires high expertise, hardest to program.
This is an alternative keyboard designed to meet the needs of students with physical disabilities, it is customizable, flat, touch-sensitive device. They can be easily changed by sliding different overlays onto the touch sensitive area.
Intellikeys
Speech-Language Pathologist’s role on the AAC team:
advocate, evaluator, trainer, implementer, consultant, and coach
These are things to consider when deciding upon an AAC
seating/positioning, mobility, communication, computer access, writing (motor and composition), math, organization (self-management and time-management), vision, hearing, independent living, transition
These are 75 to 80% of words used every single day.
Core words
These are words used 20 to 25% of the time
Fringe vocabulary words
Supplements speech, adding to speech, used to enhance speech.
Augmentative
Replaces speech, used “instead of” speech
Alternative
What is the purpose of AAC
AAC allows interaction and participation in activities of choice.
Communication facilitators needs to understand that typical communication rates associated with AAC range from ___ to _____ times slower than spoken speech rates.
15 to 25
________ _________ can evaluate a client’s usable active range of motion and passive range of motion. They assess coordination of movements.
physical therapist
Physical therapists can sign off for ____ ______ _________ to confirm a client has the strength, consistency, speed, and energy to effectively use a recommended device.
3rd party insurance
What impacts message selection?
Age, gender, social role, medical conditions, environment, life experiences, world experiences, motivators
Involves the compensatory strategies used by people to resolve communication breakdowns
Strategic competence
What impacts prognosis?
Individuals who are able to read and spell
Individuals with strong operational competence skills
Individuals who have social interaction skills
Strategic competence
AAC users who have supportive facilitators around them
What affects a client’s ability to depict abstract linguistic concepts?
Concreteness of a symbol
Familiarity of symbol
Context and wholeness
What ads meaning to speech?
Illustrators, Regulators, and Affect displays
What are illustrators?
Nonverbal behaviors that accompany speech and illustrate what is being said.
What are regulators?
Nonverbal behaviors that maintain and regulate conversational speaking and listening between two or more people.
What are affect displays?
Facial expressions or body movements that display emotional states.
What are the types of prediction?
Single letter prediction
Word level prediction
Phrase or sentence level prediction
What are aided symbols?
Real objects, miniature objects, and partial objects
What are great for individuals who have visual and dual sensory impairments.
Real objects
Much smaller than their referents. They are great for those with sensory impairments
Miniature objects
Good alternative when tactical similarity cannot be met with miniature objects
Partial objects
The information sent back to the person using the AAC device, upon activation of the input device.
Activation feedback
Provides information about the symbol or message itself after it has been formulated
Message feedback
What are the communication bill of rights?
I have the right to:
Given choices
Say no, refuse, reject choices
Ask for what I want
Share my feelings
Be heard and respond if the answer is no
Use my speech system all the time
Be taught how to communicate
Be communicated with in a sensitive manner
Spoken with not about
Be treated with dignity and respect
Have my speech system in working order and have a back up
Ask and know about my schedule and the world
Ask for and get attention and interaction
