Test 1

Question 1

Factors that influence individual health

Answer 1

Knowledge, genetics, attitude, demographics, ability

Question 2

Factors that influence social health

Answer 2

Peer group, family, support group

Question 3

Factors that influence cultural health

Answer 3

Cultural beliefs, attitude, acceptability

Question 4

Factors that influence socioeconomic health

Answer 4

Poverty, education, resources, social stress

Question 5

Factors that influence structural health

Answer 5

Access to healthcare, geography, roads, infrastructure

Question 6

Factors that influence political health

Answer 6

Policies, health insurance, regulations

Question 7

Factors that influence environmental health

Answer 7

Natural disasters, environmental risk, climate, disease vectors

Question 8

Factors that influence media health

Answer 8

Tv, movies portrayal, social and mass media

Question 9

Theory

Answer 9

A set of interrelated constructs and propositions that present a systematic view of phenomena

Question 10

Social Detriments of Health

Answer 10

Heath inequities from the societal conditions from which one is born, lives, work, and age

Question 11

Social Norms

Answer 11

People’s perceptions of what behaviors are approved or disapproved of by others

Question 12

Fear Appeal

Answer 12

A persuasive message that attempts to arouse fear in order to divert behavior through the threat of impending danger or harm

Question 13

Order and Regularity

Answer 13

Natural order of things with the practical application of that knowledge to human ends

Question 14

Predictability

Answer 14

Prediction of what will happen

Question 15

Empirical data

Answer 15

Epistemology refers to ideas about how we know what we know. Empiricism, rationalism, and theology are the three trends we use all the time. Generally, empirical data comes to us from our senses

Question 16

Psychology

Answer 16

Brain
Operant Conditioning 
Ivan Pavlov
Behaviorist 
Humanistic 
BF Skinner
Classical Conditioning
Individual Agency

Question 17

Sociology

Answer 17

Social structure 
Karl Marx
Emile Durkheim 
Group norms and conformity
Pierre Bourdeau

Question 18

Anthropology

Answer 18

Comparing cultures 
Frank Boaz
Margaret Mead
Life patterns 
Symbols 
Language

Question 19

Ecology

Answer 19

Biology
Complex systems
Connected systems
Interdependent systems

Question 20

Behaviorist Psychology

Answer 20

Behavior is said to be learned or conditioned through action of stimulus-response mechanisms

Ivan Pavlov and the salivating dog

Question 21

Cognitive Psychology

Answer 21

Focuses on the thinking process such as perception, memory, decision making, interpretation, reasoning

Jean Piaget assimilation and accommodation

Important part of HBM, SCT, TPB

Question 22

Humanistic Psychology

Answer 22

Focuses on individual agency, the capacity of people to make choices and determine their future

Question 23

Social Psychology

Answer 23

Concerned about how individuals interact with their social environment-groups, relationships, and other social units

Question 24

Assimilation

Answer 24

Fitting new information into existing categories of knowledge

Question 25

Accommodation

Answer 25

Changing/adapting existing beliefs to incorporate new information

Question 26

Groupthink

Answer 26

Associated with social psychology- Irving Janis investigated groupthink in government decision making

Question 27

Low Threat

Answer 27

Rejection

Question 28

High threat/Low efficacy

Answer 28

Message denied/fear control

Question 29

High threat/High efficacy

Answer 29

Message accepted and behavior changed/danger control

Question 30

Which theory is “fear appeal”?

Answer 30

EPPM

Question 31

Which theory is also known as “stages of change”?

Answer 31

TTM

Question 32

How is TTM different

Answer 32

The TTM changes occur in stages whereas the other models are point in time.

Smoking Cessation is a good example of this

Question 33

Three stages of modifying health behavior

Answer 33

Assessment: baseline data, diagnose a health problem, causal or supporting factors

Intervention: develop program, target factors and population, create goals

Evaluation: has it been implemented as planned, did it do what it needed, etc

Question 34

Process

Answer 34

Were the components of the program implemented as planned?

Question 35

Outcome

Answer 35

What short term or immediate effect did the program have?

Question 36

Impact

Answer 36

How did the program affect the health problem/issue that was the ultimate target?

Question 37

Five Evaluation Methods

Answer 37

Historical record keeping approach: track project activities and client participation

Qualitative Evaluation: assess participant change through interviews, focus groups

Benchmarking: assess program and participant impact data against some comparable benchmark standard

Quasi-Experimental Design: pre/post test of a community or population sample similar to the intervention sample, compare groups

Classical Experimental Design: random participants as the target population of the intervention and a control group

Question 38

Logic Model

Answer 38

A logic model is a diagram or structure that links what you plan to do with its expected outcomes and impacts. Like preceed/proceed.

Output: the activities you plan to include in your intervention

Input: the resources, staff, program components, funds invested in the intervention

Outcomes: short term effects

Impact: long term effects (change in risk behaviors)

Activities: how resources are used

Question 39

4 main components of EPPM

Answer 39

Self efficacy
Response efficacy
Severity
Susceptibility

Fear?

Question 40

4 fields that led to public health theories

Answer 40

Psychology

Sociology

Ecology

Anthropology

Question 41

4 psychology approaches

Answer 41

Cognitive
Behaviorist
Humanistic
Social