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Psychology 350 > Test 1 > Flashcards

Test 1 Flashcards

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1
Q
  1. Four major factors involved in judging psychopathology (e.g., what is normal vs. what is abnormal)?
A

distress, dangerous, deviance, dysfunction

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2
Q
  1. What is cultural relativism and how does it differ from cultural universality?
A

cultural relativism- expression of behaviors depend on lifestyle and culture
cultural universality- symptoms of mental disorders are independent of culture

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3
Q
  1. Which mental disorder has the highest life time prevalence?
A

Anxiety

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4
Q
  1. What are the 4 dimensions of multipath model?
A

social, sociocultural, psychological, biological

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5
Q
  1. What are the 4 major psychological perspectives?
A

psychodynamic, behavioral, cognitive behavior, humanistic existential

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6
Q
  1. What 2 brain structures in the limbic system are associated with emotion and memory?
A

amygdala, hippocampus

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7
Q
  1. Examples of behavioral models
A

operant conditioning (training a rabbit with reinforcements), classical conditioning (pavlov’s dog), observable learning (bobo doll)

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8
Q
  1. Maslows concept of ____ is the inherent tendency to strive toward the realization of ones full potential (the triangle of needs)
A

self- actualization

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9
Q
  1. Criticism of humanistic existential therapies
A

fuzzy, ambiguous
lack of scientific grounding
rely on peoples unique, subjective experiences
do not explain many mental disorders

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10
Q
  1. ____ is the degree to which a test or procedure yields the same result repeatedly under the same circumstances
A

reliabilty

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11
Q
  1. ___ is the extent to which a procedure actually performs its designed function
A

validity

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12
Q
  1. what are some examples of projective personality tests (more ambiguous)
A

TAT, Rorschach technique, draw-a-person, sentence-completion test

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13
Q
  1. Examples of self report inventories
A

MMPI, Beck, deoression inventory (BDI)

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14
Q
  1. Objections to classification and labeling
A

labeling can lead to overgeneralization, stigma and sterotype
may lead a person to believe they possess chraracteristics associated with the label
social systems often require a label, but mental health labels do not provide how to treat them

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15
Q
  1. independent variable **identify each one
A

manipulated variable to determine effect on a dependent variable

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16
Q
  1. dependent variable
A

expected to change when an independent variable is manipulated in a psychological experiment

17
Q
  1. what is a double blind study design?
A

participant and researcher are both unaware of the experimental conditions

18
Q
  1. What are the 3 fundamental ethical principles for using human subjects in the Belmont research
A

beneficence, respect for others, justice

19
Q
  1. Correlation vs causation
A

correlation does not mean causation.
positive correlation= both are going up
negative correlation= one goes up while other goes down

20
Q
  1. 3 factors that differentiate healthy fear from an anxiety disorder
A

unfounded fear
produces clinically significant distress or life impairment
symptoms interefere with an individuals day to day functioning

21
Q
  1. What neurotransmitter is linked to depression and anxiety?
A

serotonin (SSRI)

22
Q
  1. What is anxiety sensitivity?
A

tendency to interpret psychological changes in your body as danger

23
Q
  1. What are 3 core symptoms of hoarding disorder?
A

excessive clutter
urge to save
difficulty discarding

24
Q
  1. What disorder is being described in the model of positive feedback loop?
A

panic disorder

25
Q
  1. What distinguishes generalized anxiety disorder from a specific phobia?
A

a. Specific phobia- extreme fear of a specific object
b. GAD- persistent, high levels of anxiety and excessive, hard to control worry over life circumstances (worst life outcomes)

26
Q
  1. What are obsessions vs compulsions
A

obsession- thought
compulsion- action to reduce the thought
a. Obsessions- consistent, anxiety producing thoughts or images
b. Compulsion- behavior you do to reduce the anxiety

27
Q
  1. A-B-C worksheets help with what therapeutic strategy?
A

cognitive reconstructing (things happen, thoughts, emotions)

28
Q
  1. Three components of the cognitive behavioral model
A

emotion, behavior, thought

Psychology 350 (3 decks)

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