Test 1

Question 1

What are the 3 eras?

Answer 1

1. Colonial-1875: (BCP) Before Child Protection
2. 1875-1962: non-governmental protection societies
3. Modern era: CPS began in 1962

Question 2

When was the world’s first org entirely devoted to child protection: New York Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children?

Answer 2

1875

Question 3

What was the first school of social work?

Answer 3

Charity Organization Society (COS)

Question 4

What was toynbee hall?

Answer 4

settlement created by Oxford & Cambridge students working under the guidance of Samuel Barnett (clergyman)

Question 5

Who did Wheeler seek advice from?

Answer 5

ASPCA

Question 6

By 1922, there were 300…..

Answer 6

Societies for Prevention of Cruelty to Children (SPCDC)

Question 7

Each state had reporting laws in what year?

Answer 7

1967

Question 8

Who were the initial key players in child protection?

Answer 8

Case of Mary Ellen Wilson (abused child) & rescued by Etta Wheeler

Question 9

Who wrote the “Child Battered Syndrome” paper & brought child abuse to national attention?

Answer 9

Henry Kempe

Question 10

Some experts contend that ______ is the central feature of all child maltreatment.

Answer 10

neglect

Question 11

5 subtypes of neglect:

Answer 11

1. physical
2. psychological
3. health
4. mental health
5. educational

Question 12

3 attachment types:

Answer 12

1. secure
2. avoidant
3. resistant

Question 13

What is psychological maltreatment?

Answer 13

a repeated pattern of caregiver behavior or extreme incidents that convey to children that they’re worthless, flawed, unloved, unwanted, endangered, or only of value to meeting another’s needs

Question 14

What are the 6 guidelines/subtypes of psychological maltreatment?

Answer 14

1. spurning (hostile rejecting/degrading)
2. terrorizing (threats, physically hurt, kill, abandon)
3. isolating
4. exploiting/corrupting
5. denying emotional responsiveness
6. mental health, medical, & educational neglect

Question 15

What is mental health, medical, & educational neglect?

Answer 15

ignoring or refusing to allow treatment for serious behavior/emotional problems or needs of the child, physical health problems, & serious educational problems

Question 16

What impact does psychological maltreatment have?

Answer 16

1. problems of intrapersonal thoughts, feelings, & behaviors (anxiety, depression, etc.)
2. emotional problems (instability, impulse control probs, substance abuse, etc.)
3. social competency & antisocial functioning
4. learning problems
5. physical health problems (asthma, hypertension, etc.)

Question 17

What is physical abuse?

Answer 17

nonaccidental physical injury inflicted upon a child

Question 18

How do we decide whether the child’s injury was an accident of abuse?

Answer 18

1. Social context
2. Likely biases and motives of witnesses
3. Physical exam of child
4. Probability that injuries could be accidental-p. 183
5. Investigations
6. Use of lab imaging
7. Age and dev status of child
8. Child’s medical history
9. Does history provided by caretakers chg over time- are they lying?
10. Do diff caretakers tell different stories?

Question 19

More fatalities are due to ____ ____ _____; violent shaking can cause serious injury/death (Shaken baby syndrome)

Answer 19

abusive head injuries

Question 20

How long do abusers who have shaken or hurt a child estimate an episode to last?

Answer 20

a few to fifteen seconds

Question 21

What are the long term effects of head trauma?

Answer 21

death, severe learning disabilities, tetraplegia (paralysis of all 4 limbs), blindness, chronic seizure disorders, & vegetative state

Question 22

What factors increase concern that the fracture is from abuse?

Answer 22

1. Absence of credible history
2. Very young age of patient
3. Other abusive injuries accompany the fracture
4. Delay in seeking medical care
5. Explanation provided does not make medical sense

Question 23

What is child sexual abuse?

Answer 23

any sexual activity below the age of consent (14-18) 17 in Texas

Question 24

Most Sexual abuse is not committed by parents

Answer 24

16% of cases- fathers and stepfathers

Question 25

Characteristics of sexual abuse experiences:

Answer 25

• Multiple episodes are common
• Compared to girls, boys are older at onset of victimization, more likely to be abused by non- family members and more likely to be abused by women and repeat

Question 26

What is a polyvictim?

Answer 26

have had an average of 4 victimizations

Question 27

Study adolescent victims who perceive the abuse as consensual

Answer 27

(Lanning 1992) youth agrees to participate in exchange for rewards such as money, to illicit activities such as drinking or drugs, simply for the experience

Question 28

Risk factors for adverse effects:

Answer 28

1. preabuse risk factors: history of prior trauma & psychological problems (particularly anxiety)
2. nature of the abuse as a risk factor: abuse that involves violence or injury is more potentially harmful if perceived life threat
3. response when a child discloses CSA: postabuse factors related to harm include the response a child receives when they report it or it becomes known

Question 29

Steps a typical SO takes to abuse (pp 240- 241):

Answer 29

1. Befriend child
2. Desensitize child to sexual touch through progressively more invasive sexual touch & talk.
3. SO initiates overtly sexual acts- often involves mixtures of bribes and threats; sometimes physical coercion- 2/3 of SOs frightened victims in some way/used physical force
4. SOs must then maintain secrecy- keep child from disclosing- see p. 242 for positive &negative inducements

Question 30

Sexual Offenders (SO) often claim they have a special ability to identify vulnerable children. Why might this be?

Answer 30

• They target children who lack self-confidence or self-esteem.
• They often target children with family problems, w/o supervision, or always on the streets in need of help.

Question 31

“Sophisticated rape track”:

Answer 31

Offenders who work w/ or involved w/ children.

Question 32

“Family infiltrator”:

Answer 32

Become acquainted w/ the family & offer different types of services, especially babysitting. Offenders specifically target women living alone w/ children. q