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Bio Honors > Test 1 > Flashcards

Test 1 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Atom

A

basic unit of matter

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2
Q

Nucleus

A

Strong forces bind protons and neutrons together to form the nucleus, at the center of the atom

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3
Q

Electron

A

a negatively charged particle; Because atoms have equal numbers of electrons and protons, their positive and negative charges balance out, and atoms themselves are electrically neutral, located in orbital cloud

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4
Q

Proton/ Neutron

A

However, protons are positively charged particles (+) and neutrons carry no charge at all

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5
Q

Isotopes

A

Atoms of the same element that differ in the number of neutrons they contain are known as isotopes.

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6
Q

Compound

A

a substance formed by the chemical combination of two or more elements in definite proportions

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7
Q

Ionic bond

A

An ionic bond is formed when one or more electrons are transferred from one atom to another

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8
Q

Covalent bond

A

When the atoms share two electrons, the bond is called a single covalent bond

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9
Q

Molecule

A

is the smallest unit of most compounds

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10
Q

Hydrogen bond

A

The attraction between a hydrogen atom with a partial positive charge and another atom with a partial negative charge

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11
Q

Cohesion

A

an attraction between molecules of the same substance. (Ex water being attracted to water

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12
Q

Adhesion

A

an attraction between molecules of different substances” (ex from class is water going up tube because of water’s attraction to charge of tube)

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13
Q

Mixture

A

a material composed of two or more elements or compounds that are physically mixed together but not chemically combined. Salt and pepper stirred together constitute a mixture. So do sugar and sand

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14
Q

Solution

A

type of mixture in which all the components are evenly distributed

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15
Q

Solute

A

substance that is dissolved in a solution

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16
Q

Solvent

A

dissolving substance in a solution

17
Q

pH (potential hydrogen) scale:

A

scales with value from 0 to 14, used to measure the concentration of H+ ions in a solution; a pH of 0 to 7 is acidic, a pH of 7 is neutral, a pH of 7 to 14 is basic

18
Q

Acids

A

compound that forms hydrogen ions (H+) in solution; a solution with a pH of less than 7

19
Q

Base

A

compound that produces hydroxide ions (OH-) in solution; solution with a pH of more than 7

20
Q

Buffer

A

compound that prevents a sharp, sudden changes in pH; weak side or bases that can react with strong acids or bases

21
Q

Polarity

A

one side has one charge, other side has a different charge

22
Q

Characteristics of Living things

A
  • Uses energy
  • reproduces/grows
  • made of cells/organized
  • evolves
  • maintains a stable environment (homeostasis)
  • responds to stimuli
  • genetic info (DNA)
23
Q

Mr. LaBonte’s definition of living thing

A

Keeping good stuff in and bad stuff out

24
Q

Why does water go up the tube

A

The water molecule has an opposite charge of that of the tube so the water is attracted to the tube and rises up because of its attraction (example of adhesion)

25
Q

Acid: H+ donor or acceptor?
Base: H+ donor or acceptor?

A 
Acid= H+ donor (pH goes down)
Bases= H+ acceptor (pH goes up)
26
Q

Why is soap like a priest?

Question from iQ

A

It’s has ability to marry (or connect) nonpolar and polar substances.

27
Q

How many covalent bonds will the following atoms (elements) make: hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon

A

H - 1
O - 2
N - 3
C - 4

28
Q

What is the difference between a subatomic particle and an element?

A

Subatomic particle: a particle smaller than an atoms or a cluster of such particles
Element: a part or aspect of something abstract, especially one that is essential or characteristic

29
Q

Every time the exponent changes from 10 to the -7 to 10 to the -6 (in other words value gets higher), it

A

Increase ten times

30
Q

If your solution has 1x10-5 Oh- ions, what is its Ph?

A

Oh- + H+ = 1x10-14 so ph = 9

31
Q

What are the 3 magnifications of the objective lens?

A

4,10,40

32
Q

Ocular has magnification of

A

10

33
Q

Why does sugar dissolve in water?

A

Sugar is polar

34
Q

The attraction between a positively charged hydrogen and negatively charged oxygen is called….?

A

Hydrogen bond

35
Q

Properties of Water

A

Sticky (H. Bond)
Wicky
Takes a ton of energy for water to change; NOT SO HOT
Floats when frozen (ice will float on water)
Dissolves a lot

Bio Honors (1 decks)

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