Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Health Assessment > Test 1 > Flashcards

Test 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Health assessment

A

A systematic method of collecting and analyzing data for the purpose of planning patient-centered care

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Nursing Process

A
  1. Assessment
  2. Diagnosis
  3. Outcome Identification
  4. Planning
  5. Implementation
  6. Evaluation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Process of Performing a Physical Exam

A
  1. Inspection
  2. Palpation
  3. Percussion
  4. Auscultation
  5. V/S
  6. Labs
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Normal temperature

A

98.6

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Normal respirations

A

12-20

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Normal pulse

A

60-80

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Normal BP

A

120/80

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Normal O2

A

95-100%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Types of isolation

A
  1. Contact
  2. Airborne
  3. Droplet
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Physical Exam Positions

A
  1. Supine
  2. Sims
  3. Prone
  4. Knee-chest
  5. Dorsal recumbent
  6. Standing
  7. Lithotomy
  8. Squatting
  9. Sitting
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Characteristics of a pulse

A
  1. Rate
  2. Rhythm
  3. Force
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Apical pulse

A

Listen at the apex (bottom right) of the heart for 1 minute

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

QUESTT (pediatrics)

A
  • Question the child
  • Use pain-rating scales
  • Evaluate behavior and physiologic changes
  • Secure parents’ involvement
  • Take cause of pain into account
  • Take action and evaluate results
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Subjective data

A

What the pt tells you

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Objective data

A

Physical exam

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Phases of an interview

A
  1. Pre-introductory phase
  2. Introductory phase
  3. Discussion/working
  4. Summary
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Types of verbal communication

A
  1. Open-ended questions
  2. Closed-ended questions
  3. Laundry list
  4. Rephrasing
  5. Inferring
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Cyanosis

A

Bluing of lips caused by lack of oxygen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Clubbing

A

Rounded fingertips, can be normal or show long-term respiratory distress

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Other signs of respiratory distress

A
  1. Nasal flaring
  2. Accessory muscle usage
  3. Intercostal retractions (skin goes between ribs)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Egg-shaped or elliptical shaped chest

A

Sign of COPD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What position are COPD patients known for

A

Tripod positioning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What to look for in distressed patient

A

Color, lips, nails, lesions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

AP diameter

A

Should be 1:2 ratio.

Chest width from front to back: chest width lengthwise

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Barrel chest

A

AP diameter 1:1, seen in COPD or emphysema

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Kyphosis

A
  1. Forward curvature of spine
  2. Wide chest
  3. Abnormal AP diameter
  4. Seen in older adults
  5. Chest wall becomes stiff and respiratory muscles weaken
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Pectus carinatum

A

Pigeon-breast; curves out; doesn’t mean there is a disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Pectus excavatum

A

Funnel-breast; curves in; doesn’t mean there is a disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Thoracic cage

A

Narrow at top; bottom is diaphragm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Parts of sternum

A
  1. Manubrium
  2. Body
  3. Xyphoid process
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Intercostal spaces

A

Space between two ribs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Costal angle should be

A

At or less than 90 degrees

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

How many cervical

A

7

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

How many thoracic

A

12

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

How many lumbar

A

5

36
Q

Anterior reference lines

A
  1. Anterior axillary (armpit)
  2. Midclavicular line (Middle of clavicle; nipple)
  3. Midsternal line (middle of sternum)
37
Q

Posterior reference lines

A
  1. Scapular line (middle of scapula)

2. Vertebral line (down middle of back)

38
Q

Lateral reference lines

A
  1. Anterior axillary line (front of armpit)
  2. Posterior axillary line (Middle of armpit)
  3. Midaxillary line
39
Q

Which lobe is lower and why

A

Left is lower and narrower due to heart

40
Q

Where is there no middle lobe

A

On left and in back

41
Q

Where is the apex of lungs

A

3 cm above clavicles

42
Q

Where are lower lobes anteriorly

A

7th rib

43
Q

Where are lower lobes posteriorly on exhalation

A

10th rib

44
Q

Where are lower lobes posteriorly on inhalation

A

12th rib

45
Q

Eupnea

A

Normal breathing

46
Q

Sigh

A

Normal sign that means you need to change positions

47
Q

Tachypnea

A

Fast but regular pattern

48
Q

Bradypnea

A

Slow, regular pattern

49
Q

Hyperventilation

A

Fast irregular pattern

50
Q

Hypoventilation

A

Slow irregular pattern

51
Q

Where do you start with palpation

A

Start with either front or back then move to the lateral sides

52
Q

Checking for with palpation

A
  1. Chest expansion: symmetry (thumb thing, 5-12 cm of movement)
  2. Tenderness
  3. Crepitus
  4. Presence of tactile fremitus
  5. Costal angle
  6. Signs of respiratory distress
53
Q

Crepitus

A

Using pads of fingers when you feel crackling

54
Q

How to check for tactile fremitus

A

Say 99, use palms, looking for a lot of vibration; sign of fluid, consolidation, mass

55
Q

Predominant sound in lung field

A

Resonance

56
Q

What to ask patient when auscultating

A

Breath deeply through mouth

57
Q

Where do you start with auscultating

A

At the apex

58
Q

Where do you start in elderly

A

At bottom, listening for pneumonia

59
Q

Predominant sound in lung fields when auscultating

A

Vesicular

60
Q

Normal breath sounds

A
  1. Bronchial (tracheal)
  2. Bronchovesicular (mid-chest)
  3. Vescicular (peripheral lung fields)
61
Q

Bronchial sound

A

High-pitched, loud, harsh, hollow

62
Q

Bronchovescicular sound

A

Moderately pitched

63
Q

Vesicular sound

A

Low, soft, rustling

64
Q

Adventitious breath sounds

A
  1. Crackles/rales
  2. Pleural friction rub
  3. Rhonchi/wheeze
  4. Stridor
65
Q

Crackles can be

A
  1. Fine: Water on pan
  2. Course: Velcro
  3. Atelectic: Rice crispies
66
Q

What are crackles a sign of

A
  1. Adult respiratory distress syndrome
  2. Early congestive heart failure
  3. Asthma
  4. Pulmonary edema
67
Q

Types of pleural friction rub

A
  1. Pericardial rub

2. Pleural friction rub

68
Q

What causes pleural friction rub

A

Inflammation of the visceral and parietal pleurae, this makes them dry out and rub together

69
Q

How to distinguish types of pleural friction rub

A

Have pt hold their breath, rubbing sound means pericardial rub

70
Q

Sonorous wheeze

A

Snoring, gurgling quality

71
Q

Rhonchi

A

Low-pitched moan, more prominent on exhale; caused by blockage of airways

72
Q

What causes rhonchi and what might fix it

A

Pneumonia, chronic bronchitis, and cystic fibrosis; have pt clear throat

73
Q

Sibilant wheeze

A

High-pitched and shrill sounding breath sounds; occurs when airway becomes narrow

74
Q

What causes sibilant wheeze

A

Asthma, congestive heart failure, chronic bronchitis, and COPD

75
Q

Stridor

A

Rare in adults; high pitched musical sound in upper airway, indicates foreign body in trachea or main bronchus

76
Q

When is stridor heard in children

A

When they have croup

77
Q

Voice sounds (vocal resonance)

A

Tests to check more for abnormalities; only do in suspicious area

  1. Bronchophony
  2. Egophony
  3. Whispered pectoriloquy
78
Q

Bronchophony

A

Say 99 and listen with stethoscope, should be muffled, clear is abnormal

79
Q

Egophony

A

Say EEE, if sounds like short AAA could be consolidation or mass

80
Q

Whispered pectoriloquy

A

Say 1-2-3, should be almost inaudible, if clear could be consolidation

81
Q

Order of ethnic groups with largest to smallest chest volume

A
  1. Caucasians
  2. AA
  3. Asians
  4. Native Americans
82
Q

Increased risk of respiratory issues, TB. or asthma

A

Poor or recent mmigrants

83
Q

Where is there higher asthma incidence

A

AA, urban, poor communities

84
Q

Chronic lung disease signs

A
  1. Barrel chest
  2. Club nails
  3. Pursed lip breathing
  4. Slight tachypnea
  5. Tripod position
  6. Costal angle greater than 90 degrees
  7. Decreased oxygen levels
85
Q

Acute/respiratory distress

A

More emergent

  1. May have sings of chronic resp. problems
  2. Tachypnea
  3. Shallow respirations
  4. Restless (more in elderly)
  5. Use of accessory muscles
  6. Confusion
  7. Decreased oxygen level
86
Q

Healthy people 2020

A

National health initiative; have pt stop smoking, ask all pt about tobacco use

87
Q

CDC risk factors for cnacer

A
  1. Smoking
  2. Second hand smoke
  3. Asbestos
  4. Marijuana use
  5. Personal/family history of cancer
  6. Women
  7. Air pollution

Health Assessment (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions