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Clinical Lab Diagnosis > Test 1 > Flashcards

Test 1 Flashcards

1
Q

MCV

What it measures?

A

Mean Corpuscular Volume

Measure of the average volume, or size of a single RBC

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2
Q

What is MCV used to Classify?

A

Anemias

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3
Q

Microcytic

A

Abnormally small

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4
Q

Examples of microcytic

A

Iron deficiency, Thalassemia

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5
Q

Macrocytic

Examples

A

Abnormally Large

Vitamin B12 of Folic Acid deficiency

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6
Q

MCH

What it measures

A

Mean Corpuscular hemoglobin concentration

measure of the average concentration of hemoglobin within a single RBC

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7
Q

Hypochromic

Examples

A

Decreased MCHC

Iron deficiency, anemia, thalassemia

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8
Q

Normochromic

Examples

A

Normal MCHC

hemolytic anemias

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9
Q

Alteration is shape may cause MCHC levels _______ normal

examples

A

ABOVE

Transfusion reactions, erythroblastosis fetalis

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10
Q

RDW

Measures?

A

Red Blood Cell Distribution Width

Measures variation in RBC size

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11
Q

WBC

Define

A

Total number of WBC (leukocytes) in 1mm 3 of peripheral venous blood and the measure of each type of leukocyte

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12
Q

Increase in WBC

A

Leukocytosis

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13
Q

Examples of Leukocytosis

A

Infection, leukemic neoplasia, other malignancy, trauma, stress, hemorrhage, tissue necrosis, inflammation, dehydration, thryroid storm, steroid use

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14
Q

Decrease in WBC

A

Leukopenia

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15
Q

Examples of Leukopenia

A

Drug Toxicity, Bone marrow failure, overwhelming infections, dietary deficiency, congenital marrow aplasia, bone marrow infiltration, autoimmune disease, hyperplenism

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16
Q

Increased Neutrophils

A

Neutrophilia

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17
Q

Neutrophilia

Causes

A

Acute bacterial infections and trauma

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18
Q

Immature Neutrophils

A

Band or Stab cells

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19
Q

Causes of Band Cell

A

may indicate an acute ongoing infection

20
Q

Decreased Neutrophils

A

Neutropenia

21
Q

Causes of Neutropenia

A

in aplastic anemia, dietary deficiency, overwhelming bacterial infection, viral infections, radiation therapy

22
Q

INCREASED LYMPHOCYTES

A

Lymphocytosis

23
Q

Lymphocytosis in……

A

Chronic bacterial infections and Acute Viral infections

24
Q

Decreased lymphocytes

A

lymphocytopenia

25
Q

Lymphocytopenia in

A

leukemia, Sepsis, Immunodeficiency diseases, lupus, late HIV, Drug therapy, radiation therapy

26
Q

Monocytes -

A

Remove necrotic debris and microorganism from the blood

27
Q

Increased Monocytes

Found in….

A

Monocytosis

Chronic Inflammatory Disorders
Increased in Viral infections and parasitic infections

28
Q

Decreased Monocytes

Found in…..

A

Monocytopenia

Prednisone drug therapy

29
Q

Eosinophils increased

Found in….

A

Eosinophilia

Allergic and parasitic reactions, Eczema, Leukemia, Autoimmune diseases

30
Q

Decreased Eosinophils

found in…..

A

Eosinopenia

increased adrenosteroid production

31
Q

Basophils (mast cells) - Increased?

Found in

A

Basophilia

In allergic reactions and parasitic infections

32
Q

Basophils contain….

Infiltrate the tissue involved and further the _______ _________.

A

heparin, histamine, and serotonin

Inflammatory Reaction

33
Q

Decreased Basophils?

Caused by

A

Basopenia

Stress Reactions

34
Q

Blood Smears Provides

A

significant amount of information concerning drugs and diseases that affect RBCs and WBCs

35
Q

Blood Smears - Special Stains can be applied to detect???

A

Infections, infestation, leukemia and other diseases

36
Q

Platelet Count

A

Actual number of platelets per cubic mm of blood

37
Q

Increased Platelet

A

Thrombosytosis

38
Q

Thrombocytosis found in

A

Malignant disorders, Polycythemia vera, Postsplenectomy syndrome, Rheumatoid arthritis, Iron deficiency anemia

39
Q

Decrease in Platelet Count

A

Thrombocytopenia

40
Q

Thrombocytopenia found in

A

Hyperplenism, Hemorrhage, Leukemia, Grave’s Disease, Cancer Chemotherapy, Infection, Lupus

41
Q

Increase greater than 1 million of Platelet Count

A

Thrombocythemia

42
Q

ESR

A

Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate

43
Q

ESR measure

A

Measurement of the rate at which RBCs settle in saline solution or plasma over a specified time period

44
Q

Examples of ESR

A

Chronic Real Failure, Malignant Diseases, Necrotic Diseases, Severe Anemia

45
Q

Falsely Decreased Levels

A

Sickle Cell Anemia, Spherocytosis, Hypofibrinogenemia, Polycythemia vera

Clinical Lab Diagnosis (1 decks)

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