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AHS 110 > Test 1 > Flashcards

Test 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Viewpoint about health the focuses on the diagnosis and treatment of disease

A

Medical model

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2
Q

A viewpoint about health that focuses on the prevention of disease

A

Wellness model

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3
Q

What is the impact of baby boomers?

A

As people age older, the demand for home health care and geriatric care increases, gap in job positions, higher rates of chronic disease

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4
Q

State of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity

A

Health

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5
Q

Describes how well-being is more than being free of disease and illness; incorporates mental and emotional health

A

Health Continuum

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6
Q

____ have longer life expectancies

A

Women

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7
Q

What do women require more of than men?

A

Health care

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8
Q

The quality of social and physical conditions in which people live, work, learn and play

A

Social determinants of health

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9
Q

Goal is to increase access to affordable care, holding insurance companies accountable, and to improve quality and lowering of health care cost

A

Affordable Care act

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10
Q

How does health care abroad vary from health care in the US?

A

Health care is a lot more affordable and is not as costly compared to the US. For example, most health care costs are free or have a very small fee.

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11
Q

Function under a market economy model determined by supply and demand

A

US health care

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12
Q

What are the top 10 causes of death for lower income countries?

A

Respiratory infections, HIV, Stroke, TB, birth complications, etc.

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13
Q

What are the top 10 causes of death for higher income countries?

A

Heart disease, cancer, stroke, Alzheimer’s, diabetes

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14
Q

What are the leading health indicators?

A

Access to health and clinical services, environmental equality, injury and violence, oral health, nutrition, mental health, tobacco, sexual health

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15
Q

Science of protecting and improving the health of families and communities through promotion of health lifestyles, research for disease, injury prevention, etc.

A

Public health

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16
Q

What are the 3 parts of health core functions and essential services?

A

Assessment, policy development, assurance

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17
Q

All public, private, and voluntary entities that contribute to the delivery of essential public health services within a jurisdiction

A

Public health systems

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18
Q

What are the 4 divisions of the Kent County health department?

A

Administration, community clinical services, environmental health, community wellness

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19
Q

Includes epidemiology, emergency preparedness, marketing, medical examiner

A

Administration

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20
Q

Includes immunization, STD care, TB prevention and control, WIC

A

Community clinical services

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21
Q

Includes childhood lead poisoning, Child loss program, maternal and child home visiting programs, obesity initiative, medicaid, refugee services, vision and hearing screening

A

Community wellness

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22
Q

Includes lab services, food service sanitation, animal control, body art program

A

Environmental health

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23
Q

What are some public health achievements?

A

Fluoridation, Sanitation, etc.

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24
Q

Research whose major aim is to find a cure for a specific disease

A

Curative research

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25
Q

Research whose major aim is to control symptoms, not curing a disease

A

Control research

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26
Q

Study of the distribution and determinants of health-related states or events in specified populations, and the application of this study to the control of health problems

A

Epidemiology

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27
Q

What are the 3 basic rates of epidemiology?

A

Incidence, mortality, prevalence

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28
Q

Number of deaths over a population

A

Mortality

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29
Q

Number of a new cases over a population at risk

A

Incidence

30
Q

Number cases over a population

A

Prevalence

31
Q

Describes to occurrence of health-related events by time, place, and person

A

Descriptive epidemiology

32
Q

Aims to direct prompt and effective public health control prevention measure

A

Analytic epidemiology

33
Q

What are the goals of the department of health and human services?

A

Strengthen health care, advance in knowledge and innovation, advance health, safety and well-being of Americans

34
Q

Promote the economic and social well-being of families, individuals, and communities through a range of educational and supportive programs for youth and family

A

Administration for children and families

35
Q

Ensure the continued protection of individuals with disabilities and prevent their abuse and neglect

A

Administration for community living

36
Q

Supports research designed to improve the quality of health care, reduce its costs, and broaden access to services

A

Agency for healthcare research and quality

37
Q

Protects the public health of the nation by providing leadership and direction in the prevention and control of diseases

A

Center for disease control and prevention

38
Q

Ensures that food is safe, human and animal drugs, biological products, and medical services are safe and effective

A

Food and drug administration

39
Q

Combines the oversight of the Medicare program, State children’s health insure program and health insurance marketplace

A

Centers for Medicare and medicaid services

40
Q

Therapeutic and diagnostic devices used by health professionals to prevent, treat, and diagnose illness and assist patients medically

A

Medical technology

41
Q

What are the 5 types of medical technology?

A

Medical devices, medical imaging, minimal invasive surgery, genetic mapping and testing, gene therapy

42
Q

Includes implants and things such as blood pressure cuffs

A

Medical Devices

43
Q

Includes CAT scans, MRI, etc.

A

Medical imaging

44
Q

Includes finding genes that may lead to diseases such as breast cancer

A

Genetic mapping

45
Q

Treatment of disease using normal or altered genes to replace of enhance nonfunctional or missing genes

A

Gene therapy

46
Q

Use of fiber optics, guided images, microwave, and other technologies to do surgery rather than cutting large sections of tissue

A

Minimally invasive surgery

47
Q

The notice to the FDA that they intend to do tests on humans

A

Investigation new drug application

48
Q

Formal request from the FDA to be allowed to market a new drug

A

New drug application

49
Q

Tests the drug to figure out what happens to the drug in the body

A

Phase I studies

50
Q

Studies whether the drug produces the desired effect

A

Phase II

51
Q

Involves thousands of patients in different parts of the country who receive a placebo and standard treatment; indicate whether the drug is safe or causes serious complications

A

Phase III

52
Q

FDA continues to monitor the drug, company must file problems if issues come up

A

Phase IV

53
Q

Drug and food additives needed to be labeled with their main ingredient

A

Food and Drug Act of 1906

54
Q

Required testing for safety, responsibility of pharmaceutical companies, mandatory reporting of test results

A

Food, Drug, and cosmetic act of 1938

55
Q

Gave FDA more control over the introduction of new products, required more extensive testing of drugs, authority to regulate drug advertising

A

Amendment to food, drug, and cosmetic act of 1938 in 1962

56
Q

Improves access to health care services for people who are uninsured, isolated, or medically vulnerable

A

Health resources and services administration

57
Q

Provides American Indians and Alaska Natives with comprehensive health services by developing and managing programs to meet their health needs

A

Indian Health Service

58
Q

Provides leadership and direction to programs designed to improve health of the nation by conducting and supporting research

A

NIH

59
Q

Improves access and reduces barriers to high quality, effective programs and services for individuals who suffer from or are at risk for addictive and mental disorders

A

Substance abuse and mental health services administration

60
Q

What are some core values of the American culture?

A

Individualism, freedom, equality, achievement and success, efficiency, material comfort, humanitarianism, progress/science technology

61
Q

Groups that share many of the elements of mainstream culture but maintain their own distinctive customs, values, norms, and lifestyles

A

Subcultures

62
Q

What is the role of culture and language in a health care system?

A

It can determine how you may interact with a patient

63
Q

Degree to which individuals have the capacity to obtain, process, and understand basic information and services needed to make appropriate decisions about their health

A

Health literacy

64
Q

Ability of health organizations and practitioners to recognize the cultural beliefs, values, attitudes, traditions, language preferences, and health practices of specific cultural groups and to apply that knowledge to produce positive health outcomes

A

Cultural competence

65
Q

Health care is viewed as a basic right

A

Rights theory

66
Q

Health care resources should be allocated where they will do the most good

A

Utilitarian theory

67
Q

Tells people they ought to treat others as they wanted to be treated themselves

A

Kantian theory

68
Q

The right of patients to make decisions about their medical care without their health care provider trying to influence the decision

A

Autonomy

69
Q

Help prevent or remove harms or to improve the situation of others

A

Beneficence

70
Q

Refrain from harming patients or using ineffective treatment

A

Nonmaleficence

AHS 110 (2 decks)

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