Test 1 Flashcards
Robert Johnson
- Blues Legend
- guitar and vocals
- “Crossroad Blues”
W.C. Handy
- Father of the Blues
- first to write blues and blues forms down
- “Memphis Blues”
- “St. Louis Blues” *
- formed his own publishing company
John Philip Sousa
- Brass band leader
- military March style
- always played on the quarter note to match marching
Stephen Foster
- minstrel performer
- the father of American music
James Bland
The worlds greatest minstrel man
Ragtime
- piano players imitate the sound of a brass band
- LH: goes back and forth
- RH: plays syncopated melodies
- mostly resembles brass band form
Scott Joplin
- piano and composer
- ragtime
- “Maple Leaf Rag”
- composed and produced “Treemonisha” - an opera with ragtime incorporated into it
Buddy Bolden
- the first jazz musician
- trumpet and cornet
Bunk Johnson
- active in New Orleans
- cornet
- lost his teeth and was unable to play until he got them fixed
Buddy Petit
- cornet
- revered as one of the greatest New Orleans cornet players
- led bands
Freddie Kepperd
- cornet
- top player in New Orleans
- didn’t record because he didn’t want to give away his tricks
Joe “King” Oliver
- cornet and band leader
- mentored Louis Armstrong
- excelled in improvisation
- master of tonal manipulation and the use of mutes
- led Creole Jazz Band
Johnny Dods
- clarinet
- edgy tone with fast vibrato
- played wonderful countermelodies
Jimmy Noone
- clarinet
- dark warm sound
- Creole style
Sidney Bechet
- clarinet and soprano sax
- highly regarded in early jazz
- one of the first important soloists to appear
- big sound, wide vibrato, played with imagination
Kid Ory
- trombone
- toured and recorded during the 1940s Dixieland Revival
Henore Dutrey
- trombone
Baby Dodds
Drums
Zutty Singleton
- drums
- military style of rudimentary drumming
- used brushes and the hi hat
Original Dixieland Jass Band
- white New Orleans musicians who learned to play jazz by imitating black players there
- were a big success in Chicago
- “Livery Stable Blues” and “Original Dixie Jazz One Step”
Stride Piano
- LH: goes back and forth creating an oom-pah effect
- RH: plays the melody
- swing eighth notes are a general part of the rhythmic feel
- walking up and down the keys is common
James P. Johnson
- piano
- stride style
- Father of Stride Piano
- “Carolina Shout”
- influenced Duke Ellington
Willie “The Lion” Smith
- piano
- stride style
Charles “Luckyeth” Roberts
- piano
- stride style
- “Pork and Beans”
Fats Waller
- piano and organ
- stride style
- protege of James P. Johnson
Boogie Woogie (Honky Tonk)
- specifically piano style
- LH: stationary repetitive pattern
- RH: improvised blues riffs
- mostly AAB blues form used
Meade “Lux” Lewis
- piano
- father of boogie woogie
- “Honky Tonk Train Blues”
Pete Johnson
- piano (boogie woogie)
- “Climbin’ and Screamin’ “
Jimmy Yancey
- piano (boogie woogie)
- “State Street Special”
- inducted into the Rock n Roll hall of fame
Louis Armstrong
- cornet, trumpet and singer
- joined Joe “King” Oliver’s Creole Jazz Band
- his bands: Hot Five, Hot Seven, All Stars
- first great jazz soloist
- double time, increased upper range, hot sound, fast vibrato
- good sense of swing, SCAT vocals
- influenced people to play trumpet instead of cornet
- vocals: “Hello Dolly” and “What a Wonderful World”
Earl Hines
- piano
- trumpet influenced his style
- right hand: single note melodies, octaves to imitate Armstrong’s hot sound, octave tremolo to imitate vibrato
- “West End Blues”
Bix Beiderbecke
- cornet
- mostly self taught
- unorthodox system of fingerings gave him a unique sound
- joined the band the Wolverines
- great white jazz soloist - very impressive
- teamed up with Frankie Trumbauer
- played in Paul Whiteman’s orchestra
Paul Whiteman
Band leader
- “Changes”
Austin High Gang
- white musicians excited about jazz in Chicago
- one member: Bud Freeman (sax)
Jelly Roll Morton
- piano
- first jazz composer/arranger
- his band was the Red Hot Peppers
- inspired Duke Ellington and Charles Mingus
Ma Rainey
- singer
- mother of the blues
- recorded with the Paramount label
Bessie Smith
- singer
- Empress of the blues
- became a TOBA star - live theater booking agency
Blind Lemon Jefferson
- blues
- guitar player and singer
- made recordings with the Paramount Label
“O Berta Berta”
- Leroy Miller and Group of Prisoners
“St. Louis Blues”
- Bessie Smith
- 1925
“Maple Leaf Rag” (ragtime)
Scott Joplin
- 1916
“Maple leaf rag” (swing - jazzy)
Jelly Roll Morton
- 1938
“Crossroad Blues”
Robert Johnson
- 1937
“Jelly Bean Blues”
Ma Rainey
- 1924
“Broadway Hit Melody”
James Reese Europe
- 1919
“Dixie Jazz Band One Step”
Original Dixie Jass Band
- 1917
“Dippermouth Blues”
King Oliver’s Creole Jazz Band
- 1923
“Hotter than That”
Hot Five
- 1927
“West End Blues”
Hot Five
- 1928
“Black Bottom Stomp”
Red Hot Peppers
- 1926
“River Boat Shuffle”
Bix Beiderbecke/ Frankie Trumbauer Orchestra
- 1927
“Carolina Shout”
James P. Johnson
- 1921
“Handful of Keys”
Fats Waller
- 1929
“Honky Tonk Train Blues”
Meade Lux Lewis
- 1937
“Boogie Woogie”
Pete Johnson
- 1938
“Changes”
Paul Whiteman Orchestra
- 1927
