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Cuba First Test > Test 1 > Flashcards

Test 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Caro Largo

A

Tourists

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2
Q

Cayo Coco

A

Tourists

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3
Q

Harbors:

A

Havana, Santiago, Cienfuegos, Guantanamo, Mariel

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4
Q

Where’s El Morro?

A

Havana

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5
Q

Tallest mountain

A

Pico Tourquino

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6
Q

Sierra Maestra

A

Mountains where Fidel hid

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7
Q

Economic value in mountains?

A

Mining: manganese, iron, nickel, copper

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8
Q

Viñales

A

Unique mountains, almost plateaus, tourism bc of geography. Better life for people who live here

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9
Q

Sierra de Organos

A

Mogotes… Palenques

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10
Q

Closest neighbor?

A

Haiti

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11
Q

Arawak groups?

A

Ciboney, Taíno, Caribs

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12
Q

First group to occupy Cuba? Social structure? Diet?

A

Guanahatabey, egalitarian, mollusks & fruits, etc.

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13
Q

Second group to occupy Cuba? Social structure?

A

Ciboney, semi-sedentary

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14
Q

Most sophisticated pre Colombian group to occupy Cuba? Social Structure

A

Taíno, have some class system: chief, nobles, priests, hunters/warriors maybe?

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15
Q
  1. What killed more than 50% of the Indian groups?

2. What killed less than half?

A
  1. War, suicide, enslavement

2. Disease

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16
Q

Taíno: Who became heir of the Chief?

A

Sister’s oldest son

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17
Q

Montones

A

Taíno, little mounds with spaces in between which allows water to auto irrigate, aeration for soil

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18
Q

Shamans?

A

Religious healing… Trances, dreams, vomiting

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19
Q

Cohoba? Cohiba?

A

Hallucinatory drug in seeds which are crushed and snorted, cohiba is that mixed with tobacco

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20
Q

Zemis

A

Objects with spirits inside of them

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21
Q

Shows social status in Taíno through?

A

Belts

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22
Q

Game played?

A

Batu

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23
Q

Cuba’s first national hero?

Where is he from?

A

Hatuey, Hispaniola

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24
Q

Anacoana

A

Woman version of Hatuey

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25
Q

Another Indian rebel?

A

Guamá

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26
Q

1st capital

2nd capital

3rd capital

A

Baracoa

Santiago

Havana

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27
Q

Parallels between Cuba and LATAM

A

Encomiendas, forced labor, destruction of Indian population, corrupt bureaucracy, Catholic Church, little economic development (at first)

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28
Q

First three biggest products of Cuba

A

Cattle
Tobacco
Sugar

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29
Q

Difference between pirates and privateers?

A

Pirates: plunder
Privateers: plunder and attack

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30
Q

Examples of Pirates (3)

A

Captain Morgan, Sir Francis Drake, Piet Heyn

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31
Q

Island of Youth formerly called?

A

Island of Pines

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32
Q

British siege of Havana when? What fort?

A

1762, El Morro

33
Q

Strategy of El Morro against British

A

Passive defensive, wait out in castle. Hope that British will fail either by hurricane, fever, etc

34
Q

British siege is good for:

A

British, and some Cubans: plantation owners, and average joe

Bad for: Spanish and slaves, military

35
Q

Island of Youth

A

Military base, city, baseball team, Fidel Castro here in prison

36
Q

When does Cuba and US relations start?

A

Siege of Havana

37
Q

Francisco Arango y Parreño

A

Argued to Spanish crown for limitless slaves

38
Q

Name 2 ethnic groups that aided the making of Cuban railroads

A

Irish, Chinese

39
Q

Problem on the land with slavery?

A

Deforestation

40
Q

Cuba in 18th century leads to…? Bourbon reforms and crown’s actions leads to

A

Golden century… Increased economic activity, increased population, agricultural production up

41
Q

Alternatives to Independence

A

Reform under Spanish rule
Autonomy under Spanish rule
Joining up with someone else (US)

42
Q

6 Reasons why Cuba stayed with Spain for so long

A
  1. Golden century
  2. No clear Cuban identity
  3. It is an island
  4. Loyalists in Cuba, including from outside of Cuba
  5. Not another Haiti
  6. Cuban privileges: can trade with 13 colonies in 1776, can bring as many slaves they want, can trade with any state they want (1818)
43
Q

Presidents who tried to obtain Cuba?

A

Polk, Pierce, several others

44
Q

Region that’s pro-Cuban annexation?

Cuban people who favor this?

A

South

Slave owners, protect slavery

45
Q

Narciso López, event?

A

Two failed attempts to take Cuba with mercenaries

Seizure of Cardenas May 19,1850
Cuban flag flown for first time

46
Q

Who made the first Cuban flag? (3)

A

Idea from Narciso Lopez, Miguel Teurbe Tolón, y Emelia Tolón

47
Q

Black Warrior Affair

A

U.S. ship on its way to NYC was held for lying in its manifest, what was on the ship. This combined with growing interest with Cuba and tensions with Spain…

48
Q

Ostend Manifesto

A

Secret agreement (almost) to buy Cuba from Spain. If Spain refused, justification for war: help preserve Union, keep US from fighting itself

49
Q

No Ostend Manifesto or U.S. annexation of Cuba but there is no denying that there is…

A

Growing relationship between U.S. and Cuba…

“Baseball replaces bullfighting”

50
Q

William Walker is similar to…

A

Narciso Lopez

51
Q

Fr Felix Varela

A

Abolitionist, priest, pro independence, publishes newspapers. Stops publishing in fear of young being killed

52
Q

Jose Antonio Saco

A

Creole sociologist, afraid of another Haiti. Before he supported Cuban annexation but then worried that U.S. wouldn’t keep Cuba’s best interests

53
Q

Two First Politcal Parties for Independence Wars

A

Partido Reformista (Saco)

Partido Incondicional Español

54
Q

Junta de Información, Result?

A

Group of men from Cuba who go to Madrid to tell them their problems with Spain

Raised taxes, new more strict captain general, no public meetings allowed

55
Q

Reasons for independence?

A

Representation in Parliament, equal access to jobs, be treated like Spaniards… Often subject to searches and seizures, confiscation of property, gradual abolition

56
Q

When does independence war starts? Nickname?

A

October 10, 1868 “Grito de Yara”

57
Q

Carlos Manuel de Céspedes position on slavery? backround? position in Cuban Revolution?

A

Abolitionist but contradiction… Pro independence, son of a wealthy plantation owner
President of Republic of Cuba in Arms: disposed due to internal conflicts, couldn’t leave Cuba, killed

58
Q

Máximo Gomez
Occupation? From where? Who did he first fight for and where? Then fights for? Abolitionist? Strategy for invasion (1 fulfilled the other not)? Offered what office?

A

General
From Dominican Republic, fought for the Spanish in the Dominican Annexation War (1861-1865)
Becomes commander of Cuba’s rebel army
Abolitionist
Guerrilla warfare, wanted to invade Cuba from the West
Offered to be president, didn’t want it bc Dominican

59
Q

Antonio Maceo

Occupation? Background? Worked with who? His mom?

A

General, Afro Cuban, second in command to Gomez

Mariana Grajales= mom

60
Q

Shot 27 times

A

Maceo

61
Q

Makes elite Cubans nervous because he’s mulatto (another Haiti)

A

Maceo

62
Q

Mariana Grajales

A

Served on front lines, supplied troops, ran hospitals, died in 1893 in Jamaica
“Mother of Cuba”

63
Q

Another nickname for those who fought for independence?

A

Mambises

64
Q

Reasons that Mambises lose?

A
  1. U.S. doesn’t sell weapons to Cuba
  2. Lack of organization, resources, arms
  3. Whites had most of the money, and those with most interest were Afro-Cubans
  4. Fear of “internal-racial-sabotage”
  5. Over 100,000 Cubans died
65
Q

Pact of Zanjon

A

Makes any conscripted slave free, whether Cuban or Spanish

Slavery not completely abolished

66
Q

Two people who didn’t sign Pact of Zanjon?

A

Maceo bc “nope”, Calixto Garcia bc of attempted suicide when military came up to him

67
Q 
Small War (Guerra Chiquita) 
year? Led by? Planned where? Why did it fail? Results, things gained and what changed?
A

1879-1880
Led by Maceo and Calixto
Planned in New York mostly by Calixto
Maceo moved to Jamaica bc of talks of another Haiti again
Cubans tired, little support from populace, leaders captured almost immediately
Little/nothing gained but switch from independence to autonomy

68
Q

Who fought in all 3 wars and planned La Guerra Chiquita?

A

Calixto Garcia

69
Q

Jose Martí

Cause of death?

A

Killed in battle almost instantly

70
Q

Grandfather of Cuban independence?

A

Varela

71
Q

Father of Cuban Independence

A

Martí

72
Q

By when did Martí start working with Gomez and Maceo to renew military conflict?

A

1887

73
Q

Newspaper of Martí?

A

La Patria Libre

74
Q

Plans for Martí?

A 
Independence 
Fast war
Land reform
No U.S. involvement
Government must be just
Social classes closely integrated
75
Q

Party Martí created?

A

Partido Revolucionario Cubano (1892)

76
Q

“Butcher” Weyler

A 
Concentration camps (at least 200,000 died)
Burn farms and crops
Mass exiles
Public executions
Watched American Civil War
77
Q

4 Reasons U.S. Got Involved in Cuban War for Independence

A
  1. Protect economic interest on the island
  2. Imperialistic ambitions
  3. Yellow Journalism
  4. “Remember the Maine!”- 260 sailors died
78
Q

Maine Monument in Cuba

A

Symbol for all those who died on American side, used to have eagle. Place of pilgrimage and prayer for American tourists

79
Q

Platt Amendment (8)

A
  1. No treaties with other countries
  2. No taking on public debt
  3. U.S. can intervene on Cuban affairs
  4. All U.S. acts during occupancy are valid
  5. Cuban sanitation has to be improved
  6. Isles of Pines lies outside of Cuban borders
  7. Cuba must lease coaling/naval stations to U.S.
  8. Cuba enters a permanent treaty with U.S.

In the Cuban constitution

Cuba First Test (1 decks)

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