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Clinical Assessment > Test 1 > Flashcards

Test 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Pain results from the release of chemical irritants and also a result of swelling/edema that compresses nociceptors

A

Inflammatory Pain

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2
Q

Pain results from the stretch or compression of pain sensitive structures. These structures contain nociceptors, when they are stimulated and produce painful sensations.

A

Mechanical Pain

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3
Q

Pain provoked by noxious stimulation produced by injury or disease

A

Acute Pain

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4
Q

Pain that persists beyond the usual course of healing

A

Chronic Pain

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5
Q

A clinical syndrome in which clients present with high levels of pain that is chronic in duration and involves functional limitations and often times depression

A

Chronic Pain Syndrome

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6
Q

Pain as a result of non-inflammatory dysfunction of the peripheral or central nervous system that does not involve nociceptor stimulation or trauma

A

Neurogenic Pain

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7
Q

Pain that is felt at another location of the body that is distant from the tissues that have caused it. Usually reported as pain that is in a generalized area, felt deeply, radiates segmentally without crossing the midline, and has indistinct boundaries.

A

Referred Pain

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8
Q

Also known as a radicular or nerve root pain. Involves a spinal nerve or spinal nerve root. Pain is felt in a dermatone, myotome, or sclerotome.

A

Radiculopathy

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9
Q

A dermatome is an area of skin supplied by one dorsal nerve root. Injury can cause sensory alteration to the skin, or pain (usually burning or electric)

A

Dermatomal Pain

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10
Q

A _____ is a group of muscles supplied by one nerve root

A

Myotomal Pain

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11
Q

An area of bone or fascia innervated by a nerve root

A

Sclerotomal Pain

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12
Q

Nerve Roots also supply the viscera. Pain can be felt in a dermatome as a result of visceral injury

A

Visceral Pain

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13
Q

Referred pain arising from a ________. Client often feels the pain at a distance that is entirely remote from the area of the _______. Untreated can be associated with pain syndromes that included by are not limited to, frozen shoulder and tennis elbow.

A

Trigger Point Pain

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14
Q

Generally: as a lesion worsens, the area of pain enlarges and moves distally from the original lesion. This concept is referred to as ______. If resolving, the are decreases and becomes localized, this is called _______.

A

Peripheralization

Centralization

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15
Q

Usually indicates a lesion to a superficial structure such as: Superficial muscles and tendons as well as ligaments

A

Local Pain

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16
Q

Pain is not localized and can occur with injuries to the following: A deep somatic or neural structure; joint subluxation or dislocation; severe hematoma; fractures and trigger points

A

Diffuse

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17
Q

The pain may be qualified as: Skin and fascia; superficial muscle; superficial ligament, acute inflammation etc

A

Sharp

18
Q

The pain may be qualified as: Joints, deep muscles, chronic muscle injuries, subchondral bone, chronic inflammation, trigger points etc

A

Dull Ache

19
Q

The pain may be qualified as: nerve injury, circulatory problems

A

Tingling or Parathesia

20
Q

Caused by damage or impingement of a nerve innervating a particular area

A

Numbness

21
Q

With a movement that repeats the mechanism of injury could be caused by injury to a local muscle or ligament. Sensation similar to plucking on a string

A

Twinge

22
Q

Amount of joint motion that can be achieved by the client during the performance of unassisted voluntary joint motion

A

Active Free (AF)

23
Q

Amount of joint motion available when an examiner moves a joint through its anatomical or physiological range, without assistance from the client, while the client is relaxed.

A

Passive Relaxed (PR)

24
Q

Used to determine the status of the contractile unit with the use of controlled isometric contractions, along the normal planes of movement of a given joint

A

Active Resisted

25
Q

A functional test of the anatomic and dynamic aspects of the body and joints.

A

Active Free Movements

Note: Active free movements do not differentiate between contractile or inert tissue.

26
Q

If you believe your patient has a strain of the semitendinosus then your order of testing would be

A

Active Free
Passive Relaxed
Active Resisted

27
Q

If you believe your patient has injured their MCL the order of your testing will be

A

Active Free
Active Resisted
Passive Relaxed

28
Q

Tests the inert joint structures

A

Passive Relaxed Movements

29
Q

Used primarily to clarify the end feel or end range. It may also provoke the symptoms if they do not show during AF or PR movements

A

Over pressure (End Feel)

30
Q

movement is stopped by the compression of tissue. ex. calf against posterior thigh on knee flexion.

A

Tissue Approximation (normal end feel)

31
Q

when bone touches another bone

A

Bone to Bone

32
Q

Hard or firm (springy)type of movement with a slight give. Occurs toward the end range of motion. Feeling of springy or elastic resistance.

A

Tissue Stretch

33
Q

sudden dramatic arrest of movement, often accompanied by pain. Described as “sudden and hard”. Usually the result of protective reflex designed to splint a joint and prevent further movement. ex ligament sprain

A

Muscle Spasm

34
Q

Very similar to tissue stretch. Does not occur where one would expect it. (ie early range of motion) Tends to have aa thicker feel to it. Indicates that the capsule is at fault

A

Capsular

35
Q

Usually indicates an internal derangement with a joint. May be caused by a loose body with in a joint. (meniscal tear) A slight rebound may be noted at the end of range.

A

Springy Block

36
Q

Client stops the movement due to the intensity of the pain

A

Empty End Feel

37
Q

4 possible findings with resisted testing

A

Strong and Painless (normal)
Strong and Painful (1st/2nd degree strain)
Weak and Painless (interruption of nerve supply)
Weak and Painful (Partial Rupture or tendon)

38
Q

Turgidity

A

fluid pressure (TURGOR) or fluid tension

39
Q

Viscosity

A

thickness or stickiness

40
Q

Localized, subconscious muscle contractions that do not involve the whole muscle; result from the contraction of the muscle cells innervated by a single motor axon

A

Fasciculations

41
Q

Rhythmic movements of a joint that result from involuntaary contractions of agonist and antagonist muscle groups

A

Tremors

42
Q

A vibration associated with roughned gliding surfaces of a tendon, tendon sheath, articulating surface; it is often audible in addition to being palpable

A

Creptius

Clinical Assessment (1 decks)

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