Test 1

Question 1

The study of social life and behavior, especially in social systems

Answer 1

sociology

Question 2

social system involving regular interactions among members and a shared identity

Answer 2

social group

Question 3

any interdependent set of cultural and structural elements that can be thought of as a unit

Answer 3

social system

Question 4

How resources/products are spread across the social system and how people spread across positions of the system

Answer 4

social distribution

Question 5

conception of delinquency that states we have societally agreed upon behaviors that are acceptable

Answer 5

objectively given

Question 6

conception of delinquency that states the definition of deviance and delinquency is constructed based on interactions of those in society

Answer 6

subjectively problematic

Question 7

conception of delinquency that states the normative understanding of delinquency is established by those in power to maintain that power

Answer 7

critical definition

Question 8

conception of delinquency that assumes a general set of norms of behavior, conduct, and conditions with which we can agree

Answer 8

normative conception

Question 9

everyday norms that do not generate much uproar if they are violated

Answer 9

folkways

Question 10

“moral” norms that may generate more outrage if broken

Answer 10

mores

Question 11

strongest norms backed by official sanctions

Answer 11

laws

Question 12

popular ideas about delinquency that are created and influenced by social, political, and economic factors that change over time; behaviors or conditions are not inherently deviant; they become so when the definition of deviance is applied to them

Answer 12

social constructions

Question 13

process by which we define, describe, and distinguish people based on different categories

Answer 13

social differentiation

Question 14

a category that an individual is born into and cannot change

Answer 14

ascribed category

Question 15

flexible category that individuals may be able to move in and out of

Answer 15

achieved category

Question 16

How does juvenile delinquency differ from crime? (2 ways)

Answer 16

application of sanctions, intent of offender

Question 17

acts committed by juveniles that would not be criminal if committed by an adult

Answer 17

status offenses

Question 18

historical perspective in which family was law enforcement; if family failed, turned to community officials; children were seen and not heard

Answer 18

colonial

Question 19

historical perspective in which discipline was idealized, harsh punishments were administered, and family was replaced as primary disciplinarian

Answer 19

house of refuge

Question 20

historical perspective based on parens patrial, children are not entirely responsible for their actions

Answer 20

juvenile courts

Question 21

historical perspective in which legal rights of adults were extended to children charged with crime, with a heightened push towards deinstitutionalization

Answer 21

juvenile rights

Question 22

historical perspective that emphasized reduced uses of correctional facilities and reforming juvenile justice system, focused on minor and status offenders “at expense of” serious delinquents

Answer 22

reform agenda

Question 23

historical perspective with public concern for violent offenders, federal efforts were redirected, based on severity, perceived responsibility, and punishment

Answer 23

social control

Question 24

historical perspective rooted in “get tough” approach and the crack cocaine epidemic

Answer 24

contemporary delinquency

Question 25

time period of colonial

Answer 25

1636 - 1823

Question 26

time period of house of refuge

Answer 26

1824 - 1898

Question 27

time period of juvenile courts

Answer 27

1899 - 1966

Question 28

time period of juvenile rights

Answer 28

1967 - 1975

Question 29

time period of reform agenda

Answer 29

late 70’s

Question 30

time period of social control

Answer 30

80’s