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Perio > Test 1 > Flashcards

Test 1 Flashcards

1
Q

5 factors that impact probing depth

A
  1. inflammation
  2. probe diameter
  3. Tapered vs parallel
  4. Hand force
  5. Band width
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2
Q

Furcation probe measures what type of bone loss?

A

Horizontal

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3
Q

What is the average width of the PDL in an adult?

A

0.17mm

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4
Q

Amount of movement seen in class I mobility?

A

0.2 - 1 mm

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5
Q

Amount of movement seen in class II mobility?

A

greater than 1 mm

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6
Q

Amount of movement seen in class III mobility?

A

greater than 1 mm plus axial displacement

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7
Q

How do you calculate CAL?

A

PD + (distance between GM -> CEJ)

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8
Q 
GM = 2 mm coronal to CEJ
PD = 5
CAL = ?
A

CAL = 3mm

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9
Q 
GM = 4 mm apical to CEJ
PD = 2
CAL = ?
A

CAL = 6mm

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10
Q

What is the biological width made up of?

A

Junctional epithelium + CT attachment = 2mm

Bottom of sulcus to crest of alveolar bone

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11
Q

What 3 things might happen if violation of the biological width occurs?

A
  1. Inflammation
  2. Increased probing depth
  3. Inconsistent resorption of alveolar bone
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12
Q

Steroids act on what in the inflammation cascade?

A

Phospholipases -> Arachidonic acid

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13
Q

NSAIDS/Asprin inhibit what in the inflammation cascade?

A

Cycooxgenase

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14
Q

Singulair inhibits what in the inflammation cascade?

A

5-Lipoxygenase

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15
Q

Cytoplasmic granules of basophils/mast cells contain what 5 things?

A
  1. Histamine
  2. Platelet activating factor
  3. Heparin
  4. TNF alpha
  5. SRS-As (Leukotriene C4, D4, E4)
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16
Q

Monocytes/macrophages synthesize and release which cytokines/lymphokines?

A
  1. IL-1 (osteoclast activation, B-lymph/CD8 activation)
  2. IL-6 (Osteoclast activation)
  3. TNF-alpha (activator of endothelium/inflam mediator)
  4. INF (interferes with virus replication)
  5. Lipid mediators of inflammation: prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and plateley activating factors (PAF)
17
Q

What is the key to the immune response and activates macrophages?

A

CD4 lymphocytes

18
Q

What is the general name for soluble, locally active polypeptides that regulate cell growth, differentiation and or function?

A

Cytokines

19
Q

What does IL-1 do?

A

pro inflammatory, stimulates osteoclasts, fibroblasts, and macrophages

20
Q

What does IL-6 do?

A

Pro inflammatory, simulates B and t cells

21
Q

What does IL-8 do?

A

Pro inflammatory, attracts and activates PMNs

22
Q

what does TNF alpha do?

A

Pro inflammatory, activates osteoclasts

23
Q

What does PGE2 do?

A

Vasodilation, pyrogenic, release mediator from mast cells, cell mediated cytotoxicity

24
Q

What is the average rate of CAL in patients with untreated periodontitis?

A

0.1 - 0.3 mm F/L per year
0.3 mm interproximal per year
(Will lose 3.5 times more teeth than pts who receive treatment)

25
Q

How long after plaque formation does it take for a T cell lesion to form and clinical signs of gingivitis?

A

End of the 1st week

26
Q

What type of pocket is seen with horizontal bone loss?

A

Suprabony pocket

27
Q

What type of pocket is seen with vertical bone loss?

A

intrabony pocket

28
Q

Why type of intrabony pocket has the best regenerative capacity?

A

3 wall

29
Q

What is the most common bony defect involving posterior teeth?

A

Interdental crater (usually mandibulars)

30
Q

3 examples of drugs that cause gingival overgrowth

A
  1. Phenytoin sodium - Dilantin
  2. Cyclosporine - Sandimmune
  3. Ca+ channel blockers - Nifedipine
31
Q

Normal distance between CEJ and bone crest?

A

1.5-2 mm

32
Q

What bacteria increases as levels of progesterone increase?

A

Prevotella intermedia (uses progesterone as a substitute for Menadione)

33
Q

what 2 things are P. intermedia associated with?

A
  1. gingival inflammation

2. pyogenic granuloma (pregnancy tumor = hyperplastic gingival mass) formation

34
Q

What is the most common etiologic agent of infectious endocarditis?

A

alpha hemolytic strept

35
Q

3 types of patients that need a premed

A
  1. artificial heart valves
  2. history of infective endocarditis
  3. congenital heart conditions (unrepaired defect, residual defect after surgery, within 6 months of valve surgery, cardiac transplant)
36
Q

5 acute periodontal diseases

A
  1. acute pericoronitis
  2. acute herpetic gingivostomatitis
  3. ANUG
  4. acute periodontal abscess
  5. acute gingival abscess
37
Q

4 common symptoms of acute perio disease

A
  1. pain
  2. swelling/edema
  3. lymphadenopathy
  4. fever
38
Q

What 2 bacteria produce proteinases that cause perio abscesses?

A

P. gingivalis and P. intermedia

Perio (3 decks)

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