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RAD 122 > Test 1 > Flashcards

Test 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What happens to detail when crystal ️size is decreases

A

Detail increases

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2
Q

What happens to detail when crystal ️size is increased

A

Detail decreases

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3
Q

Decreased screen speed will ________ density

A

Decrease

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4
Q

A cassette with 2 screens will _______ density

A

Increase

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5
Q

Thicker film emulsion will _______ detail

A

Decrease

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6
Q

Increasing mA with AEC will ______ density

A

Have no effect

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7
Q

Placing the detector over soft tissue instead of bone will _______ time

A

Decrease

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8
Q

Which of the following describes short scale contrast

A

High contrast
Low kVp
Black and white

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9
Q

What produces a longer scale of contrast

A

Increasing kVp

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10
Q

Decreasing kVP will _______ ️️speed

A

Decrease

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11
Q

Increasing phosphor ️size will ______ density

A

Increase

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12
Q

Decreasing screen phosphor ️size will _______ detail

A

Increase

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13
Q

Increasing the number of phosphor crystals in a screen will ________ ️️speed

A

Increase

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14
Q

When light exposes a film, density will ______

A

Increase due to fog

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15
Q

If no xray photons or light exposes a film the density will be

A

Decreased

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16
Q

Quantum Mottle is usually associated with _______ quantity of photons

A

Too few

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17
Q

Correcting quantum Mottle the tech must _______ the technique

A

Increase

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18
Q

Wider film latitude

A

Exhibits longer scale contrast

More forgiving film

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19
Q

Increase in kVp

A

Decreased contrast

Longer gray scale

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20
Q

Purpose of a grid

A

Clean up scatter

Increase contrast

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21
Q

Increased lead content

A

Increase pt dose

Increase contrast

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22
Q

Increase grid ratio

A

Increase dose

Increase contrast

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23
Q

More than one detector activated will result in what when using AEC

A

Averaging of the signal

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24
Q

What happens to density when screen speed increases

A

Density increases

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25
Q

Screen ️️speed formula

A

mAs1 RS2
—– = ——
mAs2. RS1

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26
Q

Grid conversion

A 
0 ➡️ 1x
5:1➡️ 2x
6:1➡️ 3x
8:1➡️4x
12:1➡️5x
16:1➡️6x
Formula
mAs1 x GCF 2
------------------
         GCF1
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27
Q

Grid errors

A

Off level ➡️decrease density
Off center ➡️ ️decrease density
Off focus ➡️ ️decrease density at lateral edges
Upside down focus grid ➡️ picture is center only
Moire effect ➡️ creates dark lines across

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28
Q

mA in an AEC is changed from 100 to 30 the time of exposure would…

A

Increase

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29
Q

KV is decreased in an AEC by 10 the density of exposure would

A

No change

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30
Q

The kVp of an AEC is increased by 10 the density of exposure would

A

No change

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31
Q

The CR in an AEC is moved from the proper place over soft tissue to a place over bone; the time for resulting exposure will

A

Increase

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32
Q

When a grid is used without changing technical factors the resulting image density will

A

Decrease

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33
Q

Grid Cutoff result in a ______ density

A

Decrease

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34
Q

I the detector in an AEC receives primary radiation from the useful beam the density of the resulting image would

A

Decrease

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35
Q

Improper positioning occurs during an AEC study the density o the resulting image would

A

Increase or decrease

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36
Q

The outer chambers are selected for an AP knee the density of the resulting image would

A

Decrease

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37
Q

Going from a grid to a non grid without changing the technique will _______ density

A

Increase

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38
Q

Going from a 12:1 grid to a 16:1 grid will ______ density

A

Decrease

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39
Q

Purpose of using a grid is to

A

Improve contrast

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40
Q

What is sensitomety

A

It permits analysis of ️️speed, contrast, and latitude within normal exposure ranges

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41
Q

Used to create a uniform set of densities on a film; creates optical step wedge

A

Sensitimeter

42
Q

Provides measurement of light transmitted through film; measures optical density

A

Densitometr

43
Q

Describes relationship between density an exposure

A

The D log E curve

44
Q

Three other names for the D log E curve

A

Sensitometric curve
Characteristic curve
H&D (hunter and driffield) curve

45
Q

Typical diagnostic densities range between

A

.25-2.5/3.0

46
Q

What is base + fog

A

Is the density I film with no exposure just tint

47
Q

The toe is controlled by what fast acting reducing agent in the developer

A

Phenidone

48
Q

The shoulder is controlled by what slow acting reducing agent in developer

A

Hydroquinone

49
Q

What agent produces gray tones on film

A

Phenidone

50
Q

What agent produces black on images

A

Hydroquinone

51
Q

Sensitometry permits analysis of

A

️️speed
Contrast
Latitude

52
Q

The ability to accurately image an object

A

️Resolution

53
Q

The relationship of resolution(detail, sharpness, definition, or resolving power) and size of crystal halides

A

Inverse

54
Q

Film sensitivity is affected by and what is their relationship with film ️️speed

A

️size of crystal halides
Number of sensitivity specks
️thickness of emulsion
Direct relationship

55
Q

Range of exposures that will produce densities in a diagnostic range

A

Latitude

56
Q

Rare earth phosphors

A

Gadolinium

Lanthanum

57
Q

Where is the radiation detector located on an ionization chamber

A

Between the pt and the IR

58
Q

Where is the detector located on a photomultiplier

A

Behind IR

59
Q

mA ⬆️ AEC time

A

⬇️

60
Q

kVp ⬆️ AEC TIME

A

⬇️

61
Q

SID ⬆️ AEC TIME

A

⬆️

62
Q

Part ️size ⬆️ manual exp density

A

⬇️

63
Q

Part ️size ⬆️AEC DENSITY

A

0

64
Q

Part ️size ⬆️ AEC time

A

⬆️

65
Q

mA ⬆️ manual density

A

⬆️

66
Q

mA ⬆️ AEC DENSITY

A

0

67
Q

kVp ⬆️ manual density

A

⬆️

68
Q

kVp ⬆️ AEC DENSITY

A

0

69
Q

SID ⬆️ manual density

A

⬇️

70
Q

SID ⬆️ AEC DENSITY

A

0

71
Q

Time ⬆️ manual density

A

⬆️

72
Q

Time ⬆️ AEC DENSITY

A

⬆️ auto

73
Q

Time ⬆️ time with ️AEC

A

Auto

74
Q

Add heavy absorber; manual exposure density

A

0

75
Q

Heavy absorber AEc DENSITY

A

⬆️

76
Q

Heavy absorber ️AEC TIME

A

⬆️

77
Q

Wrong centering MANUAL DENSITY

A

0

78
Q

Wrong centering ️AEC DENSITY

A

⬆️⬇️ depends on situation

79
Q

Wrong centering ️AEC time

A

⬆️⬇️depends on situation

80
Q

Wrong detector selection/ table vs wall manual density

A

0

81
Q

Wrong detector selection wall vs table ️AEC DENSITY

A

⬆️ back up timer

82
Q

Wrong detector selection table vs wall ️AEC Time

A

⬆️

83
Q

Density control⬆️ manual exposure

A

0

84
Q

Density control ⬆️ AEC DENSITY

A

⬆️

85
Q

Density control ⬆️ ️AEC TIME

A

⬆️

86
Q

What effect does focal spot have on manual exposure density, AEC densities, and AEC time

A

0

87
Q

Grid ratio ⬆️receptor exposure/density

A

⬇️

88
Q

Grid lead content ⬆️ receptor exposure/density

A

⬇️

89
Q

Using a grid; pt dose

A

⬆️

90
Q

Grid Cut off; exposure density

A

⬇️

91
Q

Grid ratio ⬆️ contrast

A

⬆️

92
Q

The radiopaque strips found in grids are made of

A

Lead

93
Q

The inter spaces of grids are made of

A

Aluminum or fiber

94
Q

⬆️grid ratio ______ amount of scatter absorbed

A

⬆️

95
Q

The relationship between the height of lead strips to the distance between the strips

A

️grid ratio

96
Q

The number of grid lines per inch or centimeter

A

Grid frequency

97
Q

Tube angled across long axis of grid strips (grid error)

A

Off level

98
Q

When focused grid is used at a distance other than specified focal range (grid error)

A

Off focus

99
Q

Focused grid used upside down will produce image in center only (grid error)

A

Upside down grid

100
Q

Grid lines run in the same direction as movement of passé beam scanning image plate (grid error)

A

Moire effect

RAD 122 (3 decks)

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