Test 1 Flashcards
3 secondary storage devices?
Flashdrive, memory card, CD ROM, hard drive
In 1947…
Transistors were invented
How many bits r in a megabyte?
Million
How did early computers store 1 bit of data?
Vacuum Tubes, Punch Cards
3 primary storage devices?
RAM=temporary storage
ROM=permanent startup info
Hard Drive=large permanent storage
How many bits r in a byte?
8
Hardware
The physical/touchable parts of a computer system
Syntax vs Semantics
Syntax=structure
Semantics=meaning
What # system do humans use?
Base-10 (decimal)
What # system do computers use?
Base-2 (Binary)
How many bits r in a kilobyte?
1000
COBOL
Language created by Grace Hopper for the business community/armed forces
How many bits r in a gigabyte?
Billion
RAM
Temporary storage/fresh start every time comp is turned on
ROM
Permanent storage/startup
JAVA
Platform independent/compiler translates it to Byte Code
ENIAC
First fully digital computer w/ capability to be programmed
Translates a program 1 line at a time?
Interpreter
What language is understood by comp?
Machine language/Binary code
What language is understood by humans?
High level languages/Source code
2 categories of software?
Application= word excel etc System= iOS, windows (comes w/ computer)
What is the machine language version of source program?
Object program/Machine/Binary code (1 and 0’s)
CPU
Central processing unit composed of transistors etched into a silicon chip “brains/heart” of computer which executes commands
Name 3 Input devices?
Keyboard, mouse, scanner
Characteristics of early computers?
Big, slow, low memory, had to physically program/walk inside
What piece of hardware connects all pieces of computer together?
Motherboard
Characteristics of modern computers?
Small, fast, large memory
Software
The program instructions that make the computer do something (Java
Translates an entire program?
Compiler
Vacuum tubes
On/off, airless tubes that control electrode flow in early computers, replaced by transistors
4 main functions of a computer system/examples?
storage (disk/CD) processing (RAM/CPU) output (monitor/printer) input (keyboard)
Network
Hardware/Software data communication system
What are computer gates?
Turn on/off flow of circuit electricity like a light switch
Name 3 Output devices?
Monitor, printer, speakers
Benefits of computers over humans?
Faster, more accurate, better memory
What allows data to be passed throughout computer?
Buses
Program class name and file name for Test05?
Test05.class Test05.java
Every program must start with
public class (some class name)
Variable types
int byte double char NOT STRING
