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Hollistic Lifestyle Practices > Test 1 > Flashcards

Test 1 Flashcards

1
Q

stress

A

a perceived threat to ones mental or physical or spiritual well being, resulting from a series of physiological responses

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2
Q

hollistic medicine

A

healing that honors the harmony of mind/body/spirit and emotions to promote inner piece=stress management

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3
Q

walter connon

A

coined term “fight or flight”

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4
Q

stress reaction

A

central nervous system response (initial) to perceived threat

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5
Q

freeze response

A

neither fights nor flees, just freezes

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6
Q

stress response

A

release of epinephrine and norepinephrine to prepare various organs and tissues to prepare various organs and tissues for flight or fight

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7
Q

tend or befriend

A

states that women who experience stress dont fight or flight, but turn to friends to cope

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8
Q

shelley taylor

A

tend and befriend

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9
Q

co-rumination

A

stress based conversations between women as a means of coping by finding support among friends

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10
Q

eustress

A

good stress (motivates for optimal health)

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11
Q

neustress

A

information/sensory input perceived as unimportant or inconsequential

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12
Q

distress

A

stress; an event that is perceived as threatening and promotes continued feelings of fear or anger

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13
Q

acute stress

A

stress that is intense in nature but short in duration

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14
Q

chronic stress

A

stress that is not as intense as acute but lingers for a prolonged period of time

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15
Q

yerkes-dodson principle

A

theory that some stress (eustress) is necessary for health but beyond optimal amount health fails

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16
Q

circadian rhythms

A

biological rhythms that occur with a 24 hr period (temp) that create bodys internal clock. affected by stress, which causes more stress

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17
Q

ultradian rhythms

A

biological rhythms that occur many times ina 24 hr period (hunger pains).

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18
Q

infradian rhythms

A

biological rhythms that occur less than once in a 24 hr. period (menstrual period)

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19
Q

seasonal affective disorder

A

physiological response to lack of sunlight that results in feelings of depression

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20
Q

life changing units

A

unit of measurement that correspnds to items on the social readjustment ratin scale

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21
Q

social readjustment rating scale

A

inventory of life events that may be perceived to be stressful, used to determine level of stress

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22
Q

richard lazarus

A

renowned stress researcher credited with concept of daily life hassles

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23
Q

daily life hassles

A

minimal stressors that add up

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24
Q

general adaptation syndrome

A

three distinct physiological phrases in reaction to chronic stress

  • alarm phase
  • stage of resistance
  • stage of exhaustion
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25
Q

hans selye

A

coined general adaptation syndrome

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26
Q

alarm reaction

A

first stage; threat is perceived and nervous system triggered for survival

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27
Q

stage of resistance

A

second stage; body tries to recover

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28
Q

stage of exhaustion

A

third stage; one or more target organs shows signs of dysfunction

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29
Q

sleep hygiene

A

affect quality of sleep; from hormonal changes and shift work to excessive caffeine intake

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30
Q

paradim shift

A

moving from one perspective of reality to another

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31
Q

rene descartes

A

17th century scientist credited with reductionistic method of western science. separation of mind and body, I think, therefore I am

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32
Q

isaac newton

A

18th century physicist advocated for mechanistic paradigm of the universe, adapted to human body

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33
Q

mechanistic model

A

health model based on the concept that the body is a machaine with parts that can be repaired or replaced

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34
Q

albert einstein

A

everything is energy

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35
Q

wellness paradigm

A

integration and balance of mental, physical, emotional and spiritual well being through responsibility of ones own health, whole is greater than sum of the parts

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36
Q

alternative medicine

A

includes nearly all forms of stress management techniques

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37
Q

mental well being

A

ability to gather, process, recall, and communicate information

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38
Q

emotional well being

A

ability to feel and express the full range of the human emotions and to control these feelings, not be controlled by them

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39
Q

spiritual well being

A

state of mature higher consciousness deriving from insightful relationships with oneself and others, strong value system, meaningful purpose in life

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40
Q

shallow effect

A

shallow understanding of complicated issues that is caused by information grazing. ex=jumping from site to site

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41
Q

civility

A

practice of good manners and appropriate behavior

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42
Q

environmental disconnect

A

state in which people have distanced themselves so much from the natural environment that they cannot fathom the magnitude of their impact on it

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43
Q

nature deficit disorder

A

people/children do not get outside enough

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44
Q

richard louv

A

nature deficit disorder

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45
Q

occupational stress

A

job related stress; great deal of responsibility with little or no authority or decision-making latitude

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46
Q

psychophysciology

A

based on principle that the mind and body are one, thoughts and perceptions affect potentially all aspects of physiology

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47
Q

RAS

A

reticular activating system

-neural fibers that link the brain to spinal column

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48
Q

limbic system

A

midlevel of brain, including hypothalamus and amygdala, which is though to be responsible for emotional processing

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49
Q

ANS

A

autonomic nervous system

  • sympathetic (arousal) and parasympathetic (relaxed) nervous systems
  • part of CNS, no conscious thought
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50
Q

sympathetic

A

branch of central nervous system that triggers the fight or flight response when some element of threat is present

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51
Q

parasympathetic

A

branch of central nervous system that specifically calsm the body

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52
Q

epinephrine

A

immediate physical readiness for stress, works in unison with epinephrine

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53
Q

norepinephrine

A

responsible for immediate physical readiness for stress, works in unison with epinephrine

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54
Q

catabolic function

A

metabolic process in which metabolites are broken down for energy in prparation for, or in the process of, exercise

55
Q

Immediate effects of stress

A

neural response to cognitive processing in which epinephrine and norepinephrine are released, lasting only seconds

56
Q

anabolic functioning

A

physiological process in which various body cells regenerate or grow

57
Q

acetylcholine

A

chemical substance released by parasympathetic system to return to homeostasis from stress response

58
Q

serotonin

A

neurotransmitter that is associated with mood. decrease=depression

59
Q

melatonin

A

hormone secreted by brain that is related to sleep, mood, and several others

60
Q

pituitary gland

A

endocrine gland located below hypothalamus that relases acth and commands adrenal glands to secrete their stress hormones

61
Q

hypothalamus

A

involved with emotional processing. CRF gland released to pituitary gland to activate the fight or flight response

62
Q

adrenal gland

A

endocrine glands that are on top of each kidney that house and release stress hormones including cortisol and epinephrine and norepinephrine

63
Q

corticosteroids

A

stress hormones released by adrenal cortex, such as cortisol and cortisone

64
Q

glucocorticoids

A

produced and released from adrenal gland, includes cortisol and cortisone

65
Q

cortisol

A

stress hormone released by adrenal glands that helps body prepare for flight/fight by promoting release of glucose and lipids in blood

66
Q

mineralcorticoids

A

class of hormones that maintain pasma volume and electrolyte balance

67
Q

adrenal medulla

A

portion of the adrenal gland responsible for secreting epinephrine and norepinephrine

68
Q

immediate stress effects

A

hormonal response triggered by the neural aspects of the adrenal medulla that are released directly into the blood, lasting minutes to hours

69
Q

prolonged effect of stress

A

hormonal effects that may take days or perhaps more than a week to be fully realized form the initial stress response

70
Q

vasopressin axis

A

a chain of physiological events stemming form the release of vasopressin or antidiuretic hormone

71
Q

thyroxine axis

A

a chain of physiological events stemming form the release of thyroxine

72
Q

ACTH axis

A

physiological pathway whereby a message is sent from the hypothalamus to the pituitary, then on to the adrenal gland to release a flood of stress hormones for flight or fight

73
Q

HPA axis

A

hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis, aka ACTH

74
Q

adrenal cortex

A

portion o adrenal gland that produces and secretes a host of corticosteroids

75
Q

cerebration

A

a term used to describe the neurological excitability of the brain, associated with anxiety attacks and insomnia

76
Q

allostatic load

A

stress response functions improperly or for prolonged states, causing physical damage to the body

77
Q

psychosomatic

A

describes a host of physical illnesses or disease caused by the mind and unresolved emotional issues

78
Q

psychoneuroimmunology

A

study of the effects of stress on disease; treats the mind, CNS and immune system as one interrelated unit

79
Q

autonomic dysregulation

A

increased sensitivity to perceived threats resulting from heightened neural (sympathetic) responses speeding up the metabolic rate of one or more organs

80
Q

immune dysregulation

A

immune system where various functions are suppressed

81
Q

lymphocytes

A

immune system cells that are housed throughout the lymphatic system, with 2 percent in circulation at any one time

82
Q

leukocytes

A

family of cells that constitute the major component of the immune system

83
Q

T-cytotoxic cells

A

best known as the cells that attack and destroy tumorous cells by releasing cytokines

84
Q

t-helpers

A

help in the production of antibodies released by t-cells

85
Q

t-suppressors

A

decrease the production of atibodies

86
Q

natural killer cells

A

detect endogenous antigens, helping to destroy mutant cells

87
Q

neoplasms

A

cancerous tumors

88
Q

neuropeptides

A

messenger hormones produced in the brain and other organs that fit into the receptor sites of lymphocytes

89
Q

immunoenhancement

A

term used to describe various stress management techniques that appear to boost the immune system

90
Q

human energy fields

A

thought to be composed of layers of consciousness that surround and permeate the physical body

91
Q

subtle energy

A

series of layers of energy that surround/permeate the body; possible related to layers of consciousness making up human energy field

92
Q

etheric energy/bioplasma

A

layer of energy closes to the physical body

93
Q

kirlian photography

A

technique enabling electromagnetic energy given off by an object to be observed

94
Q

subtle anatomy

A

comprises the human energy field, the chakra system, and meridian system

95
Q

chakras

A

seven major chakras align from crown of the head to the base of the spine and connect to various endocrine galnds. each one is associated with various aspects of the mind-body-spirit dynamic. when a specific chakra is closed, the perception of stress may ensue

96
Q

energy psychology

A

used to describe the collaboration of subtle energy (chakras, meridians, and the human energy field) with psychological issues and trauma involving certain aspects of stress

97
Q

sympathetic resonance

A

a resonating vibration given off by one object that is picked up by another object in close proximity

98
Q

spontaneous remission

A

sudden disappearance of a nonmedically treated disease, most often observed with cancerous tumors, but other diseases as well

99
Q

nocebos

A

a bona fide, effective medicine that does NOT work because the patient doesnt believe that it will

100
Q

target organs

A

any organ receiving excess neural or hormonal stimulation that results in eventual dysfunction of the organ

101
Q

atherogenesis

A

first stage of coronary heart disease, wherein a fat streak appears on the inner lining of artery walls

102
Q

atherosclerosis

A

second stage of coronary heart disease, wherein artery walls slowly become occluded by cholesterol plaque buildup

103
Q

arteriosclerosis

A

third and final stage of coronary heart disease, wherein the arteries become hardened by cholesterol buildup, calcium deposits, and loss of elasticity

104
Q

broken heart syndrome

A

heart attack results form emotional stress

105
Q

exogenous underreactive

A

an underreactive immune system affected by external pathogens (flu)

106
Q

exogenous overreactive

A

overreactive immune system affected by external pathogens (allergies)

107
Q

endogenous underreactive

A

underreactive immune system affected by internal pathogens (arthritis

108
Q

endogenous overreactive

A

overreactive immune system affected by internal pathogens (cancer)

109
Q

oncogene

A

produces cancer

110
Q

instinctual tension

A

freudian term used to highlight the tension between the mind’s impulses and the body’s response, suggesting that stress is humanly inherent

111
Q

ego

A

freudian term naming part of psyche that triggers stress, defends against all enemies

112
Q

defense mechanisms

A

unconscious thinking patterns of the ego to either decrease pain or increase pleasure (freud)

113
Q

denial

A

defense mechanism that freud noted

114
Q

repression

A

involuntary removal of memories and feelings from conscious so they are less threatening to ego

115
Q

projection

A

attributing ones thoughts and feelings to other people so they are less threatening

116
Q

rationalization

A

reinterpretation of the current reality to match one’s liking: reinterpretation of the truth

117
Q

displacement

A

transference of emotional pain from a threatening source to a nonthreatening source

118
Q

humor

A

defense mechanism that fits with freuds increase pleasure decrease pain

119
Q

individuation

A

carl jung, describes self realization that leads to wholeness

120
Q

personal unconscious

A

repository of personal thoughts, perceptions, feelings and memories

121
Q

collective uncounscious

A

carl jung, deepest level of consciousness which connects all people together as one

122
Q

stage of grieving

A

elisabeth kubler-ross, process regarding mental preparation for death, including denial, anger, bargaining, depression, and acceptance

123
Q

adaptation

A

behavior and attitude considered the epitome of the acceptance stage of grieving, where a person adapts to the new situation and no longer sees himself as victim

124
Q

logotherapy

A

term coined by psychiatrist vikto frankl describing search for meaning in ones life

125
Q

tragic optimism

A

fankl, explains mindset of someone finding value and meaning in the worst situation

126
Q

noo-dynamics

A

frankl, state of tension that motivates one to find meaning in life

127
Q

leftover guilt

A

wayne dyer, explains ill effects of unresolved guilt left over from early childhood experience

128
Q

law of pure potentiality

A

seek guidance rather than external validation

129
Q

law of giving

A

open heart to give and receive

130
Q

law of karma

A

cause and effect; responsibility for our actions

131
Q

law of least effort

A

go with flow/harmony in what we cannot control

132
Q

law of intention and desire

A

set goals but let go of desires

133
Q

law of detachment

A

release thoughts that hold back human detachment

134
Q

law of dharma or life purpose

A

contemplation of ones purpose in life

Hollistic Lifestyle Practices (1 decks)

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