Test 1

Question 1

Propositition of Fact

Answer 1

One side is true while negative side is false.

Question 2

Proposition of Value

Answer 2

Court says that a certain value or fact is justified

“Television is a waste of time”

Question 3

Propositions of Policy

Answer 3

Says that a course of action should be adopted

Question 4

The Status Quo

Answer 4

currently existing structures of law

Question 5

Presumption

Answer 5

Favoring a given side in dispute.

Question 6

The Policy Perspective

Answer 6

When change is inherent in the status quo

Question 7

Burden of Refutation

Answer 7

the obligation to refute, or respond to the opposing arguement

Question 8

Contentions

Answer 8

statements offered in support of an issue

Question 9

Evidence

Answer 9

Raw material of argumentation

Question 10

Direct Evidence

Answer 10

evidence that shows the existence of a fact in question without intervention of the proof of any other facts

Question 11

Presumptive Evidence

Answer 11

evidence that shows existence of a fact

Question 12

Public Records (evidence)

Answer 12

all documents issued with approval of government agency

Question 13

Public Writing (evidence)

Answer 13

textbooks, anything published

Question 14

Private Writing (evidence)

Answer 14

Diaries, journals, wills

Question 15

Testimony of Witnesses

Answer 15

testimony in court before government usually under oath

Question 16

Personal INspection (evidence)

Answer 16

when you see or observe something

Question 17

Primary (evidence)

Answer 17

Best evidence, firsthand evidence

Question 18

Secondary (evidence)

Answer 18

falls short of standard, better evidence of the matter

Question 19

Real Evidence

Answer 19

Fingerprints or DNA

Question 20

Personal Evidence

Answer 20

Own written word

Question 21

Prearranged Evidence

Answer 21

Created for specific purpose

Question 22

Casual Evidence

Answer 22

not designed for future reference

Question 23

Negative evidence

Answer 23

the absence of evidence

Question 24

Reasoning of Analogy

Answer 24

similarities between two different cases

Question 25

Casual Reasoning

Answer 25

When a cause produces an effect

Question 26

Reasoning by Example

Answer 26

Inferring conclusions from specific cases

Question 27

Ambiguity

Answer 27

When one word is interpreted in two or more ways

Question 28

Fallacies of Pseudoarguments

Answer 28

cause distortion, confusion or avoidance of the matter at hand

Question 29

Arguing in a Circle

Answer 29

When you argument is only your conclusion

Question 30

Structuring a Response

Answer 30

Asking unimportant questions until pattern of a response is established

Question 31

Straw Argument

Answer 31

Sets up an issue on to knock it down.

Question 32

Posing a non sequitur

Answer 32

starting at one spot and ending in another