test 1 Flashcards
Used to break down carbs and sugar
Thiamin (b1)
Healthy cholesterol/triglycerides; watch for pts with liver dysfunction because increases LFTs
NIacin (B3)
Produces RBC, adrenal hormones. May help with neuropathy
Pantothenic Acid (B5)
Add to methotrexate regimen. Deficiency with alcohol
Folic Acid
Healthy liver function
B6
Most widely used. Energy PO and IM. Irreversible neruological defects with deficiency, anema.
Cyanocobalamin (B12)
Deficiency associated with CAD, DM, asthma, cancer, MS. Check 25-Hydroxy to get level.
VItamin D
Reverses coumadin. Deficiency causes an increased INR
Vitamin K
Generates ATP from ADP. decreased myostatin. PO or IV (IV improves EF as well). Parkinson’s
Creatine
INteractions with creatine
NSAIDS, ACE inhibitor
No effect on strength, improves recovery. Activates mTOR pathway
BCAA
Cell volumizer, builds muscle. Also used for enhanced recovery from surgery, wound healing, decrease LOS in those with enteral feeding
Glutamine
Too much may cause increased risk of prostate cancer
Vitamin E
Increases risk of hemorrhagic CVA, but decreases ischemic CVA
Vitamin E
Decrease risk of prostate cancer
Fatty acids
Decreases platelet aggregation and limits LDL oxidation
Fatty acids
Blood work to check when losing weight
lipids, creatine, Hgb, prealbumin, B12, folate
Renal diet
control sodium, potassium, phosphorus.
Foods to avoid to limit potassium
Meats, beans, oranges. also avoid ACE/ARB, aldactone, and NSAIDs
Foods to avoid with renal diet
dairy, nuts, soy, wheat, dark soda, restrict protein
CKD causes high phosphorus which causes what?
low vitamin D, calcium won’t be absorbed (serum levels normal though), stimulate PTH, osteoporosis.
Goal of Cardiac Prudent diet
recommended for HTN, HLD, CAD, CHF. minimize fluid retention, lower BP, prevent atherosclerosis. Low sugar, low carbs, high fiber. Also, low refined foods, red meat, saturated fat, and cholesterol.
