Test 1 Flashcards
Growth begins with the head and proceeds down to the toes. (This explains why babies heads are proportionately larger, the head developed first in the womb. Then the other parts develop.)
Cephalocaudal Principle
Growth starts from the center of the body and proceeds outward. The arms develop before the fingers, for example.
Proximodistal Principle
The principle of hierarchical integration
– Simple skills develop separately and independently, but these skills are later integrated into more complex ones. The child learns to control each finger separately, but then integrates these separate skills into the complex skill of grasping something.
Principle of independence of systems
the different body systems grow at different rates.
composed of the brain and the nerves that extend throughout the body. The cells of the nervous system are called neurons.
Nervous system
Cortex
outer layer of the brain. Thinking, feeling, and sensing happen in the cortex.
Lower regions of the brain
control the basic functions such as breathing and heart rate.
Plasticity
the degree to which a developing structure or behavior is modifiable due to experience. (for example, if you become blind, your other senses compensate. Also, rats raised in stimulating environments have more connections in the visual part of the brain than rats raised in less stimulating environments.).
Large movements due to deliberate actions coordinating many parts of the body.
Gross Motor Skills
Fine Motor Skills
Physical abilities involving small body movements, like the hands, fingers, and mouth.
autosomes
44 of 46 are these
sex chromosomes
2 out of 46 are this
the full set of genes that are the instructions for making an individual member of a certain species.
Genome
Phenotype
the observable characteristics of a person, including appearance, personality, and other traits.
the genetic information on those 46 chromosomes constituting the organism’s genetic inheritance.
Genotype
