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Audiometry > Test 1 > Flashcards

Test 1 Flashcards

0
Q

What is the human auditory range of frequency

A

20-20,000 hz

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1
Q

Pitch is a psychological aspect directly related to

A

frequency

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2
Q

Loudness is a psychological aspect of sound directly related to

A

intensity

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3
Q

A complex sound has many frequencies. What are the two categories of complex sounds?

A

Aperiodic ex. voiceless speech sounds, projector noise
no fundamental frequency, not harmonically related

Periodic ex. speech sounds
fundamental frequency, harmonically related, repeats itself

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4
Q

What are the two types of measurements for speech audiometry?

A

speech reception threshold

speech discrimination threshold

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5
Q

What is the human auditory range of intensity/pressure level?

A

0-120b

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6
Q

What is the purpose of Tympanometry?

A

to objectively assess the middle ear function

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7
Q

What is a tympanogram?

A

a graphical plot of the eardrum mobility at different air-pressure values

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8
Q

What is the purpose of speech audiometry?

A

to validate puretone audiometry and for accurate differential diagnosis

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10
Q

What is an objective test?

A

No active participation from the patient. Can be done at any age

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11
Q

What are the two measurements in puretone audiometry?

A

air conduction threshold

bone conduction threshold

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12
Q

Frequency specific sounds that have only one frequency of oscillation

A

simple sound

ex. puretones

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12
Q

What is the purpose of puretone audiometry?

A

to determine degree and type of loss

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13
Q

What is a subjective test?

A

patient has to participate

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14
Q

What are the subjective tests used for 0-5yrs population?

A

Behavioral observation audiometry (BOA)

Play audiometry

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15
Q

What are objective tests used for 0-5yrs population?

A 
Otoacoustic Emissions (OAEs) 
Auditory Brainstem response (ABR)
Immittance Audiometry
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16
Q

Procedure for hearing assessment

A

audiometry

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17
Q

What is the purpose of Immittance audiometry?

A

to directly evaluate the middle ear

To indirectly evaluate the inner ear status

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18
Q

What is the purpose of otoacoustic emissions?

A

to evaluate the inner ear-cochlear function

19
Q

Electronic device for hearing assessment

A

Audiometer

20
Q

Graphical plot of AC and BC thresholds across puretone frequencies

A

audiogram

21
Q

What is the purpose of Auditory Brainstem response?

A

to evaluate the auditory nerve and brainstem functions

22
Q

What is the hearing threshold level?

A

lowest level you can hear 50% of the time (2/4 or 3/4) OR

lowest level you can hear three repeated times

23
Q

What is the function of the external and middle ear?

A

to collect and conduct sounds to the inner ear

24
Q

What is the function of the inner ear?

A

sound analysis and discrimination

25
Q

What is PTA 2?

A

3 frequency average of AC thresholds at 1000, 2000, 4000 Hz
useful when have a patient with a selective hearing loss 2000hz +
or with normal hearing between 250-1000hz

26
Q

What is the initial intensity dial setting for AC audiometry?

A

30db

can go as low as 0db or as high as 110db

27
Q

What is the classification of HI for adults? >5

A 
0-25db normal
26-40db mild 
41-55db moderate 
56-70db moderate-severe
71-90db severe
>91db profound
28
Q

What is Puretone average 1 (PTA 1)?

A

3 frequency average of AC thresholds at 500, 1000, and 2000 Hz

30
Q

What is the 2 frequency average/fletcher average?

A

best of AC thresholds at two frequencies between 500, 1000, 2000hz
useful when you have an outlier

31
Q

BC = normal
AC = abnormal
AC not equal BC
air-bone gap > 10

A

Conductive hearing loss

31
Q

AC = abnormal
BC = abnormal
AC not = BC
air-bone gap >10

A

mixed hearing loss

32
Q

What frequencies are tested in AC audiometry?

A

250-8000 Hz with a retest at 1000Hz

order if testing 1, 2, 4, 8, .25, .5, 1kHz

33
Q

What is the purpose of air-conduction audiometry?

A

to obtain AC thresholds across audiometric frequencies
to compute pure tone average (PTA)
to compute degree/extent of hearing loss

34
Q

What is the classification of HI based on PTA 0-5yrs?

A 
0-15db htl normal 
16-30db htl mild 
31-50db htl moderate 
51-80db htl severe 
>81db htl profound
37
Q

What could be reasons for variance in audiometric testing?

A

Equipment - calibration
Room - noise level
Examiner- attention, motivation, response criteria
Subject- attention, motivation, and intelligence

38
Q

What is the purpose of BC audiometry?

A

to evaluate the inner ear status

for differential diagnosis of site of pathology

39
Q

What frequency levels are tested during BC audiometry?

A

250-4000hz
no retest at 1000hz
intensity level = 30db can go as high as 65-70db

40
Q

What is cross hearing of interaural attenuation (IA)?

A

loss of sound energy as sound travels from the test ear to the nontest ear
AC IA= 40db
BC IA= 0db (no loss of energy)

41
Q

When do you need to add masking when doing AC audiometry? And how much masking is needed?

A

AC in test ear - 40db = or > than unmasked BC in nontest ear, mask nontest ear

min masking = unmasked AC in nontest ear

42
Q

What are some pitfalls in avoid during hearing screenings?

A 
child observing dials
examiner giving visual cues
incorrect earphone/headband placement
unclear instructions
test tone too long or too short 
Let them hear something! if they don't hear at normal db, crank it up
43
Q

When is masking needed when doing BC audiometry? And how much masking is needed?

A

When the air-bone gap in the test ear is >10, mask nontest ear

min masking = unmasked AC in nontest + occlusion effect

44
Q

What does a screening for hearing loss look like in a public school?

A

test at 1000, 2000, 4000 hz

pass fail - fail to respond at any frequency in either ear

45
Q

OE is frequency dependent. Name the db requirements for each frequency

A 
250hz = 30db
500hz = 20db 
1000hz = 10db
2000hz = 0db
4000hz = 0db
47
Q

AC and BC within 15-25db
AC = BC
air-bone gap <10

A

normal hearing

48
Q

AC = abnormal
BC = abnormal
AC = BC
air-bone gap = or <10

A

sensorineural hearing loss

53
Q

What is the occlusion effect?

A

an increase in perceived loudness of BC sounds in the occluded ear (nontest ear) with normal hearing and sensorineural loss

Audiometry (2 decks)

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