Test 1 Flashcards
Allow to learner to comprehensively label, describe, and define resonation, the anatomy of the vocal folds, the views/directions applicable in the science world, Respiration, Lungs, and critical listening and articulation of thought
What muscles are initially involved in singing a RAISED pitch?
CRICOTHYROID muscles contract and this stretches and elongates the vocal chords
How are vocal folds bought together?
INTERARYTENOID muscles pull the ARYTENOID cartilages together
There are ____ commands your brain must send to your body though the _________ ______ as a human inhales
nine phrenetic nerves
Step 1 in inhalation:
Open \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ (this permits air into the lungs)glottis
Step 2 in inhalation:
Contract ___________ muscles (the prep for inhalation)
inspiratory
Step 3 in inhalation:
Induce __________
inhalation
Step 4 in inhalation:
Lift ____ _______
soft palette
Step 5 in inhalation:
Move tongue to _______ position for initial phonation
forward
Step 6 in inhalation:
Slide tongue a bit ________ for creation of vowels
backward
Step 7 in inhalation:
Open _______ to end phonation while maintaining stream of air
glottis
Step 8 in inhalation:
Lift ___ and raise the tongue
jaw
Step 9 in inhalation:
Stop ____ __ ___ and return tongue and jaw to resting position
flow of air
From which view is the ANTERIOR?
anterior is from the FRONT
From which view is the POSTERIOR?
posterior is from the BACK
From which view is the LATERAL?
lateral is from the SIDE
From which view is the SUPERIOR?
superior is from ABOVE
From which view is the INFERIOR?
inferior is from BELOW
From which direction is the MEDIAL?
medial is the direction TOWARD the body
From which direction is the LATERAL?
lateral is the direction AWAY from the body
From which direction is the PROXIMAL (extremity)?
proximal (extremity) is the direction TOWARD the body
From which direction is the DISTAL?
distal is the direction AWAY from the body
What does Mrs. Damon’s acronym “A.B.C.” stand for?
A. -SYMPTOM (what you observe as an issue
either by ear and/or visually)
B. -PROBLEM (what the cause of the problem is)
C. -CURE (how to fix the problem, mechanistic and
imagery)
How is the VITAL CAPACITY calculated?
TLC - RV = VC
TLC: Total Lung Capacity
RV: Residual Volume
VC: Vital Capacity
Define TOTAL LUNG CAPACITY (TLC):
the MAXIMUM AMOUNT of air that can fit into the lungs
Define RESIDUAL VOLUME (RV):
air THAT REMAINS in the lungs after a full exhale
define VITAL CAPACITY (VC):
“WORKING CAPITAL” that helps complete phrases
Define TIDAL VOLUME (TV):
amount of AIR EXCHANGED during the respiratory cycle
Who invented a revolutionary way to observe the purpose and functionality of the throat?
MANUEL GARCIA
When was the “science” and “beauty” of the throat initially discovered?
19th century
What instrument was discovered changing how man observed the voice forever?
the “Laryngoscope”
List as many 20th Century Vocal Pedagogs as possible:
Ralph Appelman Oren Brown William Vennard Richard Miller Johan Sundberg
The _____, ______, and ____ voice in the early systematic approach was identified in what century?
Chest, Throat, and Head voice
13th century
Which two people developed the “concept of different registers?”
Johannes de Garlandia
&
Jerome of Moravia
Two people were the first to study the approaches to singing. Who were they and what was their vernacular?
Pythagorus & Alypius
Greek
List the four main processes in producing sound:
1) Breath is taken
2) Sound is initiated in the larynx
3) The vocal resonators receive the sound and
influence it
4) The articulators shape the sound into
recognizable units
During INHALATION, the chords are…?
ABDucted
During EXHALATION, the chords are…?
ADDucted
Phonation occurs when the vocal chords _______ and that sound is modified by __________
vibrate
resonators
The chords vibrate because ______ ________ is applied
breath pressure
The vocal folds are brought together primarily by the action of the ______________ _______ which pull the _________ __________
Interarytenoid Muscles
Arytenoid Cartilages
Define TIMBRE?
timbre is the quality (description) of the sound
Define “Vocal Resonance:”
vocal resonance is the process by which the basic product of phonation is enhanced in TIMBRE and/or INTENSITY by the air-filled cavaties through which it passes on its way to the outside air
Of the seven resonators (from the highest to lowest), SINUS CAVITY (Sino) ranks…?
1st
Of the seven resonators (from the highest to lowest), NASAL CAVITY (Naso) ranks…?
2nd
Of the seven resonators (from the highest to lowest), ORAL CAVITY (Oro) ranks…?
3rd
Of the seven resonators (from the highest to lowest), PHARYNX (Pharyngo) ranks…?
4th
Of the seven resonators (from the highest to lowest), LARYNX (Layngeal) ranks…?
5th
Of the seven resonators (from the highest to lowest), TRACHEA (Tracheal) ranks…?
6th
Of the seven resonators (from the highest to lowest), the CHEST ranks…?
7th
The lips produce ______ consonants
labiel
Middle/Back of the tongue produces ______ consonants
dorsal
Root of the tongue and epiglottis produce _______ consonants
radical
Give an example of a word that explores the EXO-LABIEL resonator:
“pop”
Give an example of a word that explores the ENDO-LABIEL resonator:
“book”
Give an example of a word that explores the DENTAL resonator:
“dental”
Give an example of a word that explores the ALVEOLAR resonator:
“la” or “na”
Give an example of a word that explores the POST-ALVEOLAR resonator:
“jeep”
Give an example of a word that explores the PRE-PALATAL resonator:
“-ing”
Give an example of a word that explores the VELAR resonator:
“nacht”
Give an example of a word that explores the UVULAR resonator:
“kite”
Give an example of a word that explores the PHARYNGEAL resonator:
“hug”
Give an example of a word that explores the GLOTTAL resonator:
“uh-oh”
How many places where the vibration and the resonators meet to form speech and singing sounds?
18
List as many terms in correlation to resonation:
amplification enrichment (color) enlargement (more space) improvement intensification prolongation
