Test 1

Question 1

What is geography?

Answer 1

1) The science of place and space.

2) a discipline that studies the spatial variation of phenomenon from place to place on the earth’s surface.

Question 2

What is Absolute Location?

Answer 2

A point on the earth’s surface expressed by a coordinate system such as latitude and longitude.

Question 3

What is Relative Location?

Answer 3

The location of a point in relation to the other places around it.

Question 4

What is distance decay?

Answer 4

The diminishing contact between two parties as they gradually move farther apart. Pg. 23

Question 5

List the different stages and types of spatial diffusion.

Answer 5

1) Expansion Diffusion- the spread of a feature from one place to another in an additive process.
2) Relocation diffusion- a process of diffusion in which an innovation moves from one place to another without leaving that innovation behind at the origin. In this sense, relocation diffusion is usually not expansion diffusion.
3) contagious diffusion-A form of expansion diffusion in which an innovation (or other phenomenon) spreads across contiguous space after direct contact between the innovator(s) and potential adapters of an innovation (or other phenomenon).
4) hierarchical diffusion-A form of expansion diffusion in which an innovation (or other phenomenon) spreads over space from large places to progressively smaller ones, skipping the spaces in between. Contrast contagious diffusion.

Question 6

What are the properties of distribution?

Answer 6

1) Density- The frequency in which something occurs in space.
2) Concentration- The extent of a features spread of space.
3) Pattern- The arrangement of objects in space.

pg 20.

Question 7

What is a map?

Answer 7

A two dimensional, or flat, representation of the Earth’s surface, or a portion of it. pg 8.

Question 8

Define Hearth area.

Answer 8

The region from which innovative ideas originate.

Question 9

List the different types of regions.

Answer 9

1) Functional Region- a region organized around a certain focal point.
2) Formal Region- an area within which everyone shares in common one or more distinctive characteristics.
3) Vernacular Region- a place that people believe exists as part of the cultural identity. Pg 16

Question 10

What are the four major concentrations of population?

Answer 10

East Asia, South Asia, Southeast Asia, and Europe

Question 11

List the different types of population density.

Answer 11

1) arithmetic density- The number of people per unit of land.
2) agricultural density-the ratio if the number of farmers to the total amount of land suitable for agriculture.
3) physiological density- The number of people per unit of arable land.
4) urban density- the number of people inhabiting a given urbanized area.
5) residential density- the number of dwelling units in any given area

Question 12

What is natural increase and decrease?

Answer 12

The crude birthrate minus the crude death rate. Decrease= More deaths than births, Increase = more births than deaths.

Question 13

What is the demographic

transition theory, and what are the stages?

Answer 13

It is the process of change in a country’s natural increase or decrease over time.

Question 14

Define core.

Answer 14

MDC- More developed country.

Question 15

What is periphery and semi periphery?

Answer 15

Less developed countries

Question 16

Who is Thomas Malthus, and what is he known for?

Answer 16

An English Economist who was the first to argue that the world’s rate of population increase was far outrunning the development of food supplies. He said that this was because the world’s population was increasing geometrically and food increases arithmetically. pg. 48

Question 17

What are the population issues in China and India?

Answer 17

After having high unsustainable population rates, both countries made efforts to lower their birth rate by active family planning and benefits to families who agree to have only one child. Now the countries have a higher number of males than females.

Question 18

What is fertility rate?

Answer 18

the average number of children a woman will have during her child baring years.

Question 19

What is epidemiological transition?

Answer 19

The distinctive causes of death in each stage of the demographic transition.
Stage 1 is pestilence and famine (High Crude Death Rate)
Stage 2 is receding pandemics (rapidly declining CDR)
Stage 3 is Degenerative Diseases (Moderatly Declining CDR)
Stage 4 is Delayed degenerative diseases ( Low but increasing CDR) Pg 50

Question 20

What are push factors?

Answer 20

Factor that induces people to leave old residences.

Question 21

What is chain migration?

Answer 21

Migration of people to a specific location because relatives or members of the same nationality preciously migrated there.

Question 22

What are remittances?

Answer 22

Money migrant send back to family and friends in their home coutnries, often in cash, forming an important part of the economy in many poorer coutnries

Question 23

What is a refugee?

Answer 23

People who are forced to migrate from their home country and cannot return for fear of persecution because of their race, religion, nationality, membership in social groups, or political opinion.

Question 24

What are pull factors?

Answer 24

Factors that induces people to move to a new location.

Question 25

What is net migration?

Answer 25

The difference between the level of immigration and the level of emigration.

Question 26

What is counterurbanization?

Answer 26

Net migration from urban to rural areas in more developed countries.

Question 27

What is forced migration?

Answer 27

Permanent movement compelled usually by cultural factors.

Question 28

What is Internal Migration?

Answer 28

Permanent movement within a particular country.

Question 29

What is international migration?

Answer 29

Permanent movement from one country to another.

Question 30

What is interregional migration?

Answer 30

Permanent movement from one region of a country to another.

Question 31

What is intraregional migration?

Answer 31

Permanent movement within on region of a country.

Question 32

What is Migration Transition?

Answer 32

Change in the migration pattern in a society that results from industrialization, population growth, and other social and economic changes that also produce demographic transition.

Question 33

What is a quota in reference to migration?

Answer 33

The maximum limits on the number of people who can immigrate to a country each year.

Question 34

What is a Brain Drain?

Answer 34

A large scale emigration by talented people.

Question 35

What are Guest workers?

Answer 35

A term once used for a worker who migrated to the developed countries of Northern or Western Europe usually from Southern or Eastern Europe or from North Africa, in search of Higher paying jobs.

Question 36

What is the origin of immigration in the US?

Answer 36

Immigration started when western Europe and other countries began to sail the ocean to discover more land.

Question 37

Explain how the enviornment can be a migration factor

Answer 37

push and pull factors such as natural disasters, and ideal locations like the beach etc.

Question 38

What are s three reasons for a decline in fertility rate?

Answer 38

1) The growing role of family planning programs.
2) The diversity of contraceptive technology.
3) The role of the mass media.