Test 1 Flashcards
At what phase of mitosis will sister chromatids separate and move to the opposite poles of the cell?
Anaphase
The structure that holds sister chromatids at the middle is called?
Centromere
A complex of DNA and histone proteins make up the
Nucleosome
The key event in metaphase is
Chromosomes align at cells equator
What occurs at the centromere?
Chromatids remain attached to one another until anaphase.
During which phase of mitosis do the chromatids become chromosomes?
Telophase
What is a cleavage furrow?
A groove in the plasma membrane between daughter nuclei
Which of the following triggers, a cells passage pass the G2 checkpoint into mitosis?
Mitosis promoting factor (MPF)
Density dependent inhibition is explained by which of the following?
As cells become more numerous the cell surface proteins of one cell contact the adjoining cells and they stop dividing
Which of the following is true concerning cancer cells?
Uncontrolled cell division and proliferation
What is a genome?
The complete set of an organism’s genes
At which stage of mitosis are chromosomes, usually photographed in the preparation of a karyotype?
Metaphase
Which of the following is true of a species that has a chromosome number of 2N equals 16
Each cell has eight homologous pairs
What is a monohybrid cross?
It involves organisms that are heterozygous for one character
Variations in character are due to
The presence of two or more genes
One advantage of using garden peas for genetic studies is that
Peas have a short period of germination
When crossing an organism that is homozygous recessive for a single trait with a heterozygote what is the chance of producing an offspring with a homozygous recessive phenotype?
50% chance
One function of the spindle fibres is to
Pull sister chromatids to the opposite poles
A diagrammatic representation to predict the outcome of genetic crosses is called
A punnett square
The immediate result of a parental crossing will result in
F1 generation
The particulate hypothesis postulates that
Parents transmit discrete heritable units
Why did Mendel continue some of his experiments to the F2 or F3 generation?
To observe, whether or not a recessive trait would reappear
The physically expressed trait of an individual is called
Phenotype
Which of the following occurs in meiosis, but not in mitosis.
Synapsis of chromosomes
Which of the following occurs in meiosis, but not in mitosis?
Synapsis of chromosomes
Whether during mitosis or meiosis sister chromatids are held together by a protein referred to as cohesin. such molecules must have which of the following properties?
They must be removed before anaphase can take place
When we see Kaima under a microscope that lets us know which of the following has occurred?
Prophase one
What is the transmission of traits from one generation to the next called?
Inheritance
In certain plants tall is dominant too short if a heterozygous plant is crossed with a homozygous tall plant what is the probability that the offspring will be short?
Zero
Which of the following is true regarding Autosomes?
They are all chromosomes except sex chromosomes
What is the name of proteins that are involved in the regulation of the cell cycle and that show fluctuations and concentration during the cell cycle?
Cyclins
