Test 1 Flashcards
Label the 6 Prokaryotic shapes that we discussed.
1.Coccus
2.Bacillus
3.Coccus bacillus
4.Vibrio
5.Spirillum
6.Spirochete
Label the 4 flagella arrangements
- Filament
2.Hook
3.Basal Body
4.Cilia
List 2 of the 4 different gram positive and gram negative cells that we discussed.
- Gram positive has a thicker cell wall
- Has teichoic and lipotheichoic acid
List the 3 parts of the prokaryotic flagellum and tell whether each is intracellular or extracellular
Basal body ( intracellular)
Hook ( extracellular)
Filament ( extracellular)
Are autotrophs, primarily aquatic, have cell walls and can be single celled, colonial or multicellular
Algae
Are heterotrophs, primarily terrestrial, have cell walls and can be single celled, colonial or multicellular
Fungi
Are heterotrophs, aquatic and terrestrial, single celled, lack a cell wall and motile at some stage in their life cycle.
Protozoa
Are called Infectious proteins and infect animals
Prions
Have a protective “shell” called a capsid surrounding either DNA or RNA and infected all living organisms
Viruses
Prokaryotes have ___ ribosomes which are structurally different from the eukaryote’s ___ ribosomes
70:80
The outer membrane of a gram negative cell contains large channel proteins called __________
Porins
Protein inter-bridges connect the______ of the peptidoglycan in gram positive cells
tetrapeptide
Endotoxin is the ______ portion of the lipopolysaccharide in the outer membrane of the gram negative cell contains
Lipid A
metachromatic granules, gas vacuoles, and magnetosomes are examples of ______
Inclusions
______ contain non-essential nucleic acids and are transferred via a sex pilus during prokaryotic______
Plasmids and conjugation
The region of the prokaryotic cell which contains the chromosome is called the______
Nuceloid
Bacterial ___ are formed in response to adverse environmental conditions
Endospores
Prokaryotic conjugation involves a modified ____ called _____ to connect 2 bacteria in order to exchange plasmid
Pili, sex pilus
A eukaryotic flagella has a 9 ______ pairs of microtubules surrounding a single core pair of microtubules
Concertic
What is the most important function of the plasma membrane?
selective permeability
Biotechnology and symbioses are examples of positive roles microbes play in the environment, 2 others examples are _______ and _________
Chemical cycle, bioremediation
Multicellular, motile via musculature, no cell wall, heterotrophs
parastic helminths
Single celled, motile at some stage, no cell wall, heterotrophs
Protozoa
Cell wall, motile by flagella, single cell, colonial and multicellular, autotrophs
Algae
Which of the following is not part of the outer membrane of gram negative bacterial cells
peripheral proteins
Which of the following prokaryotic structures could not be used for adherence?
All can be used for adherence
Which of the following is a packet with 4 cells?
Tetrad
The lipid A portion of the LPS of the outer membrane of the gram-negative bacterial cell is referred to as endotoxin due to its effects on our body’s immune system
True
The eukaryotic flagellum includes 9 concentric pairs of microtubules surrounding a single core pair of microtubules
True
Emerging diseases are those which are new to the human population or have existed in the population in very low incidence until fairly recently
True
Protein inter-bridges connect the tetrapeptide side chains of the peptidoglycan of gram positive cells.
True
Spirochetes can have a periplasmic flagellum, also referred to as an axial filament
True
The teichoic and lipoteichoic acids in the gram positive cell wall give the cell wall an overall negative charge
True
