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LINDSAY - PATHO 2 > TEST 1 > Flashcards

TEST 1 Flashcards

1
Q

4 risk factors for mental illnes

A
  1. genetics
  2. biology
  3. personality
  4. environment
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2
Q

MENTAL STATUS EXAM COMPONENT

indicates level of ability to look after themselves

A

APPEARANCE

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3
Q

MENTAL STATUS EXAM COMPONENT

indicator of cognitive status

A

SPEECH

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4
Q

MENTAL STATUS EXAM COMPONENT

  • figity
  • catatonic
  • unusual gestures
  • repetitive movements
A

MOTOR ACTIVITY

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5
Q

MENTAL STATUS EXAM COMPONENT

  • frightened of people
  • level of comfort with interaction
  • hostile or polite
  • withdrawn
  • different cultures may interact differently
A

INTERACTION

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6
Q

MENTAL STATUS EXAM COMPONENT

patients description of how they’re feeling

A

MOOD

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7
Q

MENTAL STATUS EXAM COMPONENT

nurses observation of patient’s behaviour

A

AFFECT

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8
Q

MENTAL STATUS EXAM COMPONENT

no emotional response

A

FLAT

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9
Q

MENTAL STATUS EXAM COMPONENT

inappropriate state of elation

A

EUPHORIC

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10
Q

MENTAL STATUS EXAM COMPONENT

quickly shifting emotions

A

LABILE

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11
Q

MENTAL STATUS EXAM COMPONENT

exaggerated sense of ability & self-importance

A

EXPANSIVE

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12
Q

MENTAL STATUS EXAM COMPONENT

ability to identify and recognize own surroundings

A

PERCEPTIONS

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13
Q

MENTAL STATUS EXAM COMPONENT

experiencing something that isn’t there

A

HALLUCINATION

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14
Q

MENTAL STATUS EXAM COMPONENT

seeing or hearing something that isn’t there

A

SENSORY HALLUCINATION

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15
Q

MENTAL STATUS EXAM COMPONENT

getting orders from voices

A

COMMAND HALLUCINATIONS

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16
Q

MENTAL STATUS EXAM COMPONENT

seeing something that isn’t there

A

ILLUSION

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17
Q

MENTAL STATUS EXAM COMPONENT

what patients are thinking

A

THOUGHT CONTENT

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18
Q

MENTAL STATUS EXAM COMPONENT

repetitive intrusive thought or impulse

A

OBSESSION

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19
Q

MENTAL STATUS EXAM COMPONENT

unreasonable fear

A

PHOBIA

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20
Q

MENTAL STATUS EXAM COMPONENT

  • false belief that is deeply imbedded in them
  • eg. believing they’re elvis presley
A

DELUSION

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21
Q

MENTAL STATUS EXAM COMPONENT

how they deliver those thoughts

A

THOUGHT PROCESSES

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22
Q

MENTAL STATUS EXAM COMPONENT

sudden halt in train of thought

A

THOUGHT BLOCKING

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23
Q

MENTAL STATUS EXAM COMPONENT

providing too much detail

A

CIRCUMSTANTIALITY

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24
Q

MENTAL STATUS EXAM COMPONENT

  • jumping from one idea to another
  • not in phases
    eg. bipolar disorder in manic phase, or people with schizophrenia
A

FLIGHT OF IDEAS

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25
Q

MENTAL STATUS EXAM COMPONENT

  • incoherent mixture of words and phrases
  • gibberish
A

WORD SALAD

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26
Q

MENTAL STATUS EXAM COMPONENT

* state of wakefulness

A

SENSORIUM & COGNITION

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27
Q

MENTAL STATUS EXAM COMPONENT

awake, alert, unconscious

A

LOC

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28
Q

MENTAL STATUS EXAM COMPONENT

time, place, person

A

ORIENTATION

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29
Q

MENTAL STATUS EXAM COMPONENT

ability to recall past experience

A

MEMORY

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30
Q

MENTAL STATUS EXAM COMPONENT

  • level of distractibility
  • eg. are they able to pay attention
A

ATTENTION & CONCENTRATION

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31
Q

MENTAL STATUS EXAM COMPONENT

level of intelligence

A

COMPREHENSION & ABSTRACT REASONING

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32
Q

MENTAL STATUS EXAM COMPONENT

patient’s understanding of the problem

A

INSIGHT & JUDGMENT

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33
Q

MENTAL STATUS EXAM COMPONENT

is a symptom of mental illness

A

PSYCHOSIS

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34
Q

PEOPLE WITH _________________:

  • are not able to comprehend reality
  • thoughts and behaviours are very disorganized
  • difficulty communicating with others
A

PSYCHOSIS

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35
Q

CODED CLASSIFICATION

  • Psychiatric diagnosis
  • American Psychiatric Association
A

DSM-V

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36
Q

DEFINITION

a state of tension, dread, or impending doom, arising from external influences that threaten to be overwhelming

A

ANXIETY

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37
Q

WHAT KIND OF ANXIETY?

characterized by persistent, excessive and unrealistic worry about everyday things.

A

GENERALIZED ANXIETY DISORDER

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38
Q

WHAT KIND OF ANXIETY?

begins in childhood and adolescence but may begin in one’s twenties

A

GENERALIZED ANXIETY DISORDER

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39
Q

WHAT KIND OF ANXIETY?

always anticipate disaster

A

GENERALIZED ANXIETY DISORDER

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40
Q

WHAT KIND OF ANXIETY?

worry about everything

A

GENERALIZED ANXIETY DISORDER

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41
Q

WHAT KIND OF ANXIETY?

generally begins in childhood

A

GENERALIZED ANXIETY DISORDER

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42
Q

WHAT KIND OF ANXIETY?

can develop panic disorder

A

GENERALIZED ANXIETY DISORDER

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43
Q

WHAT KIND OF PHOBIA?

  • fear of wide open spaces
  • afraid of being trapped (eg. bridge) and being unable to save themselves
  • people will avoid crowded places
A

AGORAPHOBIA

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44
Q

WHAT KIND OF ANXIETY?
Marked and persistent fear that is excessive and unreasonable, cued by the presence or anticipation of a specific object or situation

A

SPECIFIC PHOBIAS

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45
Q

WHAT KIND OF ANXIETY/PHOBIA?
debilitating fear of situations in which an individual fears humiliation or embarrassment when under the scrutiny of others.

A

SOCIAL PHOBIA

SOCIAL ANXIETY DISORDER

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46
Q

DEFINITION

unwanted, repetitive thoughts that lead to feelings of fear, anxiety, or guilt

A

OBSESSION

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47
Q

DEFINITION

behavior or thoughts used to decrease the fear or guilt associated with obsessions

A

COMPULSION

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48
Q

people that tear out their hair

A

TRICHOTILLOMANIA

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49
Q

people who are constantly picking at their skin

A

EXCORIATION

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50
Q

_____________ IS A sign of depression

A

CUTTING

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51
Q

Preceded by a traumatic event

A

POST TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER (PTSD)

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52
Q

persistent re-experience of traumatic event - flashbacks - continually re-experiencing the event

A

POST TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER (PTSD)

53
Q

avoidance of stimuli associated with the trauma; experiences a numbing that was not present before the trauma

A

POST TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER (PTSD)

54
Q

experiences symptoms that were not present before the trauma

  * sleep disturbances
  * poor concentration
  * angry outbursts
  * hypervigilance
A

POST TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER (PTSD)

55
Q

WHAT KIND OF DISORDER?

  • Formerly called hypochondriasis
  • Patients may “double-doctor” because they believe that they are not being properly treated
  • High health anxiety accompanied by somatic symptoms
A

SOMATIC SYMPTOMS DISORDER

56
Q

WHAT KIND OF DISORDER?

  • High health anxiety without somatic symptoms
  • No symptoms
  • patients often want to be tested for everything
A

ILLNESS ANXIETY DISORDER

57
Q

WHAT KIND OF DISORDER?
* particularly challenging disorder
* patients deliberately falsify their symptoms to assume “sick role”
* become evasive and angry with further questioning
*

A

FACTITIOUS DISORDER

58
Q

WHAT KIND OF FACTITIOUS DISORDER?

creating illness to get attention

A

MUNCHAUSEN SYNDROME

59
Q

WHAT KIND OF FACTITIOUS DISORDER?

making someone else sick

A

MUNCHAUSEN SYNDROME BY PROXY

60
Q

WHAT KIND OF DISORDER?

  • where factitious disorder is intentional, this is unintentional
  • symptoms are neurological, but not accounted for with neurological disease
  • stress is manifested by neurological symptoms
  • eg. pseudo seizures, involuntary tremors
A

CONVERSION DISORDER

61
Q

WHAT KIND OF DISORDER?

  • Pain in one or more anatomic sites and causes impairment in one or more areas of functioning
  • May be associated with (1) psychologic factors (2) psychologic and general medical condition
  • May be acute or chronic
A

PAIN DISORDER

62
Q

WHAT KIND OF DISORDER?

  • clinical condition
  • affects how a person thinks, feels and behaves
  • people feel sad and hopeless
A

DEPRESSIVE

63
Q

WHAT KIND OF DEPRESSION?

severe non-functioning depression

A

MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER

64
Q

WHAT KIND OF DEPRESSION?

Symptoms must be present most of the day, nearly every day for at least 2 weeks

A

MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER

65
Q

WHAT KIND OF DEPRESSION?
Emotional: Depressed mood, anhedonia (don’t take pleasure in things), irritability that is outside of their personality norm

A

MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER

66
Q

WHAT KIND OF DEPRESSION?

Cognitive: Poor concentration, feelings of worthlessness, guilt, thoughts of death, ruminate, can become delusional

A

MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER

67
Q

WHAT KIND OF DEPRESSION?

Behavioral: Change in appetite, insomnia/hypersomnia, fatigue, psychomotor agitation/retardation

A

MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER

68
Q

WHAT KIND OF DEPRESSION?

Social: Withdrawal from family and social interactions

A

MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER

69
Q

WHAT KIND OF DEPRESSION?

  • low level of depression
  • depressed yet functional
  • chronically negative, pessimistic, gloomy
  • not as productive, but still functional
A

PERSISTENT DEPRESSIVE DISORDER

70
Q

WHAT KIND OF DEPRESSION?

Depressed mood and three symptoms for most of the day nearly every day for at least 2 years

A

PERSISTENT DEPRESSIVE DISORDER

71
Q

WHAT KIND OF DEPRESSION?

Emotional: Depressed mood, anhedonia, irritability

A

PERSISTENT DEPRESSIVE DISORDER

72
Q

WHAT KIND OF DEPRESSION?

Cognitive: Poor concentration and decision-making, low self-esteem, inadequacy, guilt, brooding, pessimistic

A

PERSISTENT DEPRESSIVE DISORDER

73
Q

WHAT KIND OF DEPRESSION?

Behavioral: Chronic fatigue

A

PERSISTENT DEPRESSIVE DISORDER

74
Q

WHAT KIND OF DEPRESSION?

Social: withdrawal, relationships become strained

A

PERSISTENT DEPRESSIVE DISORDER

75
Q

3 NEUROTRANSMITTERS ASSOCIATED WITH DEPRESSION

A

SEROTONIN
DOPAMINE
NOREPINEPHRINE

76
Q

WHAT IS THIS CALLED?
when somebody has had their first episode of depression, the hardwiring (electrophysiology) of brain is changed

makes the brain more vulnerable to episodes of depression

77
Q

PETSCAN FINDINGS FOR DEPRESSION

A

LESS NEUROTRANSMITTER ACTIVITY

78
Q

WHAT KIND OF DISORDER?

  • used to be called manic depression
  • characterized by mood cycles
A

BIPOLAR DISORDER

79
Q

WHICH BIPOLAR?

have manic episodes that are so severe that immediate hospitalization is required

A

BIPOLAR DISORDER 1

80
Q

WHICH BIPOLAR?

more functional

A

BIPOLAR DISORDER 2

81
Q

SCHIZOPHRENIA IS OFTEN CONFUSED WITH THIS DISORDER:

A

DISSOCIATIVE IDENTITY DISORDER

82
Q

WHICH DISORDER?
Combination of disordered thinking, perceptual disturbances, behavioral abnormalities, affective disruptions, and impaired social competency

A

SCHIZOPHRENIA

83
Q

WHICH DISORDER?

caused by very strong genetic predisposition, runs in families

A

SCHIZOPHRENIA

84
Q

WHICH DISORDER?

can be caused by drug abuse

A

SCHIZOPHRENIA

85
Q

WHICH DISORDER?

no cure, but if it’s managed properly then people can function with it

A

SCHIZOPHRENIA

86
Q

WHICH DISORDER?

people with it lack insight

A

SCHIZOPHRENIA

87
Q

WHAT TYPE OF SYMPTOMS?

Loss of normal function that is normally seen in mentally healthy adults

88
Q

WHAT TYPE OF SYMPTOMS?

  • Inability to understand sensory information
  • Blunted or flat affect; anhedonia
  • Lack of motivation, impaired problem solving
  • Decreased activity level, minimal self-care
  • Limited speech
  • Social Withdrawal, isolation, inadequate social and occupational skills
89
Q

WHAT TYPE OF SYMPTOMS?

Behaviours not normally seen in healthy individuals

90
Q

WHAT TYPE OF SYMPTOMS?

  • Hallucinations (hear voices that are not there)
  • Delusions
91
Q

SCHIZOPHRENIA diagnosis occurs when ______________ symptoms are present (symptoms that healthy people don’t have)

92
Q

Neurocognitive Impairment PRESENT IN PEOPLE WITH SCHIZOPHRENIA

A
  • Disorganized thinking

* Disorganized behaviour

93
Q

SUBSTANCE USE VS. SUBSTANCE-INDUCED DISORDER: uses it habitually

A

SUBSTANCE USE

94
Q

SUBSTANCE USE VS. SUBSTANCE-INDUCED DISORDER:

  • withdrawals when trying to cut down
  • cravings
  • spend a lot of time trying to get substance
  • double-doctor
  • give up social activities
  • develop tolerance to it
A

SUBSTANCE USE

95
Q 
SUBSTANCE USE VS. SUBSTANCE-INDUCED DISORDER: 
substance specific set of symptoms
      * drunk
      * lack of judgement
      * slurred speech
A

SUBSTANCE-INDUCED

96
Q

SUBSTANCE USE VS SUBSTANCE-INDUCED DISORDER:

  • Substance intoxication and withdrawal
  • Substance/medication-induced mental disorders
A

SUBSTANCE-INDUCED

97
Q

medical term is “ethanol”

98
Q

“Moderate ALCOHOL consumption”

A

3 DRINKS PER DAY

9 DRINKS PER WEEK

99
Q

3 SYMPTOMS OF Alcohol withdrawal

A
  • shaking
    • delirium tremors
    • nausea
100
Q

Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome IS RELATED TO DEFICIENCY IN THIS

101
Q

THESE ARE SIGNS OF WHAT?

  • flat face
  • low-set eyes
  • nasal bridge is flat
  • flat filtrum
  • thin upper lip
  • cognitively delayed
A

FETAL ALCOHOL SYNDROME

102
Q

COMPLICATIONS OF WHAT?

  • pupilary constriction
  • comatose
  • respiratory depression
A

OPIOID INTOXICATION

103
Q

antidote for overdose

104
Q

SIGNS OF WHAT?

  • they think they’re going to die but they won’t
  • severe symptoms
A

OPIOID WITHDRAWAL

105
Q

_______________ is a very weak opioid to decrease severity of withdrawal symptoms

106
Q

WHAT ARE THESE: morphine, fentanyl, oxys, dilaudid, heroine

107
Q

WHAT IS COCAINE & AMPHETAMINES?

A

STIMULANTS

108
Q

THESE promote release of dopamine and norepinephrine

A

STIMULANTS

109
Q

THESE ARE used therapeutically for weight loss, ADHD, and narcalepsy

A

STIMULANTS

110
Q

THESE stimulate the central nervous system & increases the amount of wakefulness and focus

A

STIMULANTS

111
Q

THESE affect the sympathetic nervous system, increases heart rate, breathing and blood pressure

A

STIMULANTS

112
Q

overdose ON THESE CAN CAUSE cardiac arrest, heart failure, dangerous arrythmias

A

STIMULANTS

113
Q

WHAT DISORDER?
“an enduring pattern of inner experience and behavior that deviates markedly from the expectations of the individual’s culture, is pervasive and inflexible, has an onset in adolescence or early adulthood, is stable over time, and leads to distress or impairment”

A

PERSONALITY DISORDER

114
Q

WHAT DISORDER?
PEOPLE ARE
* still functional
* maladaptive personalities
* have a defect on the way they see the world
* rarely seek treatment because they think it’s everyone else’s problem
* tend to have difficult relationships with lots of people

A

PERSONALITY DISORDER

115
Q

WHAT DISORDER?

  • personal traits, social traits that we develop as children
  • usually our personalities remain stable over time
A

PERSONALITY DISORDER

116
Q

WHAT CLUSTER OF PERSONALITY DISORDER?

  1. PARANOIA
  2. SCHIZOID
  3. SCHIZOTYPAL
A

A - ODD CENTRIC

117
Q

WHAT CLUSTER OF PERSONALITY DISORDER?

  1. NARCISSISTIC
  2. HISTRIONIC
  3. BORDERLINE
  4. ANTISOCIAL
A

B - DRAMATIC-EMOTIONAL

118
Q

WHAT CLUSTER OF PERSONALITY DISORDER?

  1. AVOIDANT
  2. DEPDENDENT
  3. OBSESSIVE
A

C - ANXIOUS-FEARFUL

119
Q

WHICH PERSONALITY DISORDER?
distrust and suspicious; see others’ motives as malevolent, tense, irritable, always on guard, short-tempered, don’t interact well with others

120
Q

WHICH PERSONALITY DISORDER?
emotionally restricted and unable to take pleasure in activities, friendships, or social relationships, aloof, detached from other people, no desire to build friendships, indifferent to praise or criticism

121
Q

WHICH PERSONALITY DISORDER?

sensory distortions, ideas of reference in addition to emotional detachment, eg. Unibomber, brief psychotic episodes

A

SCHIZOTYPAL

122
Q

WHICH PERSONALITY DISORDER?
preoccupied with success, beauty; arrogant, sense of entitlement; successful, no humility, fragile self-esteem, need continual praise

A

NARCISSISTIC

123
Q

WHICH PERSONALITY DISORDER?
very dramatic, manipulative, excessive emotional expression accompanied by attention-seeking behaviours, superficial friendships

A

HISTRIONIC

124
Q

WHICH PERSONALITY DISORDER?
instability in mood, thinking, self-image, and personal relationships, react emotionally to every little situation, poor coping skills, impulsive, poor relationships

A

BORDERLINE

125
Q

WHICH PERSONALITY DISORDER?
psychopaths/sociopaths – a “stunning lack of conscience”; deceitful, manipulative, charming, manipulative, do not care if they hurt anybody, gain power at expense of victims, blame the victim, not themselves, hair-trigger temper

A

ANTISOCIAL

126
Q

WHICH PERSONALITY DISORDER?
fearful of criticism, disapproval or rejection, avoids social interactions, low self-esteem, withholds thoughts and feelings, close to social phobia, withdrawn

127
Q

WHICH PERSONALITY DISORDER?
unable to make decisions independently, clinging, submissive, cannot express negative emotions, fear of separation, do not stand up for themselves, choose bad relationship over no relationship, zero self-confidence, put up with mistreatment, suffer in silence

128
Q

WHICH PERSONALITY DISORDER?
preoccupation with perfection, organization, structure, excessive devotion to work, self-criticism and inability to forgive own errors, insistence on others’ conforming to own methods, aware of social status, pompous, arrogant, conform to rules, dependable, loyal

A

OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE

LINDSAY - PATHO 2 (1 decks)

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