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midwifery > test 1 > Flashcards

test 1 Flashcards

1
Q

functions of the MOU

A

low-to intermediate-risk antenatal care
* basic emergency obstetric care signal functions: magnesium sulphate, intravenous antibiotics, oxytocics,
vacuum delivery, removal of retained placenta, manual vacuum aspiration, neonatal resuscitation
* 24-hour labour and delivery service for low risk women
* comprehensive contraceptive care
* referral of problems to hospital
* management of emergencies

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2
Q

functions of the district hospital

A

antenatal care for high-risk women
* antenatal ultrasound service
* treatment of pregnancy problems, including admission to hospital
* comprehensive emergency obstetric care signal functions: magnesium sulphate, intravenous antibiotics,
oxytocics, vacuum delivery, removal of retained placenta, manual vacuum aspiration, neonatal resuscitation,
caesarean delivery and blood transfusion
* 24-hour labour and delivery service including caesarean delivery
* regional and general anaesthesia
* essential special investigations
* postnatal care and postoperative care
* contraceptive services including postpartum and elective tubal ligation * referral centre for clinics and community health centres in the district
* supervision of clinics and community health centres in the district
* referral of complicated problems to regional or tertiary hospitals
* counselling and support services
* genetic screening and counselling services

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3
Q

layers of the uterus

A

Endometrium
myometrium
perimetrium

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4
Q

the four types of pelvises

A

gynaecoid
android
anthropoid
platypelloid

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5
Q

flexion

A

the head is completely fixed so that the chin of the fetus is in contact with the chest

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6
Q

extension

A

the head is completely extended so that the occiput is in contact with the fetal back

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7
Q

deflexion

A

neither flexion or extension. the fetal head is straight

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8
Q

Regulation no 2488 26 october 1990

A

-equipment and materials
-records
-breestfeeding
-the antenatal period (advise patient to be examined by a medical practitioner, blood test atleast once during pregnancy, assessment of pelvis, antenatal exercises to prep for labour).
-labour

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9
Q

skenes ducts

A

secrete mucus and are often infected in cases of gonorrhoea.

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10
Q

functions of the vagina

A

it is the excretory duct for menstruation
it is the organ that receives the penis during intercourse
it is the birth canal

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11
Q

phases of the menstrual cycle

A

the follicular proliferation
ovulation
the luteal secretory phase
menstruation or pregnancy

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12
Q

zygote

A

the term used to describe the developing ovum from fertilisation- till the end of the third week

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13
Q

embryo

A

4th week-8th week

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14
Q

fetus

A

9th week till term

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15
Q

functions of the amniotic fluid

A
  • acts as a buffer system between the fetus and the uterus to permit symmetrical growth

-equalises pressure to prevent the amnion from adhering to the embryo

-cushions the fetus from impacts to the maternal abdoment

-maintains the fetus at a constant temperature

-the fluid allows the fetus to move freely for the development of muscles

-protects the fetus from infection

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15
Q

what happens after fertilisation

A

fertilised egg is a zygote after mitotic divisions it becomes a blastomere, which then becomes a morula, the cell is now known as a blastocyst. the inner cell mass will be the placenta and the actual cell the fetus

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16
Q

functions of the placenta

A

barrier
nutrition
respiration
excretion
endocrine
enzyme function

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17
Q

what are the names of the fontanelles

A

anterior-bregma
posterior-lambda

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18
Q

Primigravida

A

A woman who is pregnant for the first time

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19
Q

amenorrhoea

A

absence of menstrual periods

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20
Q

viability

A

is 24 weeks or a weight of 500g, it is the ability of the fetus to sustain life outside of the uterus.

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21
Q

gestation

A

period of pregnancy

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22
Q

pica

A

the craving of eating unusual substances such as mud

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23
Q

antenatal

A

period of care for pregnant women starting from their diagnosis up untill labour

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24
Q

mitosis

A

cell division in somatic cells

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25
Q

fetus

A

term used to describe the fertilised ovum from the 9th week till term (40 weeks)

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26
Q

stria gravidarum

A

the stretch marks occuring on the mothers skin in pregnancy

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27
Q

chloasma

A

brown pigmentation of the skin in the face during pregnancy and in some woman who are taking oral contraceptives.

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28
Q

chadwicks sign

A

a dark purplish discolouration of the mucous membranes and the cervix, vagina and vulva, which is caused by an increased blood volume which causes congestion of these tissues. The vagina is warm, blue and soft.

29
Q

linea nigra

A

a brown pigmented line on the skin of the abdominal wall of the mother, which runs from the umbilicus to the symphysis pubis and which only occurs during pregnancy

30
Q

quickening

A

the movements of the fetus in utero which are felt by the mother

31
Q

colostrum

A

a yellow secretion from the breasts during pregnancy and prior to lactation

32
Q

trimester

A

the 9 month gestational period which is divided into 3 trimesters of 3 months each

33
Q

Apgar score

A

A numeric description of the condition of the newborn, designed for rapid assessment at birth.

34
Q

Cephalo haematoma

A

a swelling on the head of the newborn caused by bleeding under the periosteum of the skull, usually the parietal bones

35
Q

decidua

A

the lining of the uterus during pregnancy

36
Q

layers of the embro

A

mesoderm
ectoderm
endoderm

37
Q

delivery

A

the birth of the baby, placenta and membranes

38
Q

engagement of the fetal head

A

when the largest part of the presenting part of the fetal head have passed through the pelvic brim or inlet

39
Q

gestational age

A

the age of the embryo or fetus

40
Q

grande multipara

A

a women who has had five or more viable babies

41
Q

gravida

A

a pregnant woman

42
Q

hegars sign

A

a method to detect early pregnancy and to determine the gestational age of the fetus

43
Q

Hydrocephaly

A

a condition in which excessive cerebrospinal fluid in the brain leads to rapid head growth

44
Q

Hyperemesis gravidarum

A

excessive vomiting during the first trimester of pregnancy

45
Q

implantation

A

attachment of the fertilised ovum to the uterine wall in a normal pregnancy

46
Q

involution

A

the process where the uterus and other reproductive organs resume their normal size and function after delivery

47
Q

ketosis

A

presence of ketones in the blood

48
Q

lochia

A

vaginal discharge in the puerperium

49
Q

Mongolian spot

A

a pigmented area on the lower back and buttock of some newborn babies and which has no significance

50
Q

moulding

A

the shaping of the fetal head as it passes through the birth canal

51
Q

what are the functions of the fontanelles

A

allow for skull compression during birth and allow brain growth during the infants first year.

52
Q

Multigravida

A

a woman who is pregnant for the second time or any subsequent time

53
Q

multipara

A

a women who has had more than one viable baby

54
Q

nulligravida

A

a woman who has never been pregnant

55
Q

nullipara

A

a woman who has never delievered a viable baby

56
Q

Oligohydramnios

A

abnormally small amounts of amniotic fluid in pregnancy

57
Q

operculum

A

a mucous plug sealing off the cervical canal during pregnancy

58
Q

parity

A

the number of viable infants that a woman has delivered

59
Q

Pawliks grip

A

used in abdominal palpitation to determine the presenting part of the fetus

60
Q

pelvic brim or inlet

A

the plane of division between the true and false pelvis

61
Q

perineum

A

the surface area between the vagina and the anus

62
Q

Polyhydramnios

A

an excessive amount of amniotic fluid during pregnancy

63
Q

presentation

A

the part of the fetus which lies over the brim of the pelvis

64
Q

Rh factor

A

a group of antigens that may be present on the envelope of the red blood cells

65
Q

siniciput

A

the forehead or the brow in the fetus (the two frontal bones)

66
Q

symphysiotomy

A

artifical division of the ligaments of the symphysis pubis, resulting in enlargement of the diameters of the pelvis

67
Q

teratogens

A

a enviromental agent that causes a malformation of the developing embryo or fetus

68
Q

vertex

A

the highest portion of the fetal skull

69
Q

version

A

the turning of the fetus so there is a different presenting part

70
Q

whartons jelly

A

a jelly like substance contained within the umbilical cord and surrounding the umbilical blood vessels

midwifery (1 decks)

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