Test 1 Flashcards
KSA
knowledge, skills, abilities
( Construction and validation) The most common measure of validity used in this context
Predictive validity
Cognitive Ability tests are used to assess abilities
Verbal. mathematical, memory, reasoning abilities
Research examining predictive validity indicates higher validity scores for
predicting ___than _______
training success, job performance
Two of the most commonly used
personality tests for police selection:
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)
Inwald Personality Inventory (IPI)
involves knowing when to enforce the law and when to allow for some latitude
Police discretion
Section 25 of the Canadian Criminal Code
states that use of force can be used by the police on reasonable grounds (requires discretion)
Generally life threatening
Generally short in duration
Lead to a very potent fight or flight physiological response
Acute Stressors
Generally not life threatening
Generally ongoing, or long in duration
Often show no obvious symptoms, even though a number of physiological reactions are occurring
Chronic Stressors
Anxiety or panic attacks (Panic Disorder)
Acute Stress Syndrome
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
Acute stress
Mood disorders (e.g., depression, stress-related bipolar disorder, seasonal affective disorder)
Phobias (e.g., specific anxiety disorders)
Burnout
Chronic Stress
Maladaptive
not adjusting adequately or appropriately to the environment or situation
Suspect indicates confession is false after the fact (may/may not be truth)
Retracted confessions
Objections raised as to the validity during trial (most often due to technicalities)
Disputed confessions
Three types of false confessions:
Voluntary false confessions
Coerced-compliant false confessions
Coerced-internalized false confessions
Reid Model of Interrogation
Gather evidence
Conduct a non-accusatorial interview to assess deception (guilt)
Conduct an accusatorial interrogation to obtain a confession
Nine Steps: Reid Stage 3
Confrontation of guilt
Rationalizations are offered
Denials are interrupted/overruled
Redirecting suspect’s attention
Interrogator shows sympathy/empathy
Explanations for the crime are offered
Admission developed into full confession
Confession is written and signed
Minimization techniques:
Soft sell tactics that provide a sense of false security
Maximization techniques:
Scare tactics that attempt to intimidate suspects (e.g., making up evidence)
Right to counsel (Section 10)
everyone has the right on arrest or detention…to retain and instruct counsel without delay and… to be informed of that right”
There are two main types of polygraph tests:
Comparison Question Test (CQT)
Concealed Information Test (CIT)
