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test 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

Hatch Act 1887

A 
Gave $15K to state land grant colleges
Congressman William Hatch
Agricultural research stations
enacted 03-02-1887
Science of agriculture stressed ...... Western expansion
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2
Q

people’s party

A

established 1891 during populist movement
Mostly white cotton farmers, poor,
hostility towards banks, railroads, and elites
(N.C, Alabama, texas)

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3
Q

Farmer’s Alliance

A

economic movement
1870s and 1880s
Became “people’s party” in 1890s
Set up following civil war to help fix CROP-LIEN system

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4
Q

Colored Farmer’s Alliance

A

Formed 1886 in texas
Formed in response to the (white) farmer’s alliance
1890, 1.2 million members

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5
Q

cyrus McCormick

A

1809-1884
Inventor of the McCormick harvest machine company
Prominent Chicago resident
Invited” mechanical reaper” made farming easier

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6
Q

Armour and Swift Meat Packing

A

Founded in Chicago (1867)
Armour Brothers
Helped make Chicago and the union stock yards the center of america’s meatpacking industry

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7
Q

World’s Columbian Expo

A

Chicago Worlds Fair 1892, didn’t start until may 1893
effects on arts, architecture, chicago’s image
600 acres/200 buildings
27 million people attended in 6 months
Designed by Danial Burnham and Fredrick Olmsted
Held on 400 years anniversary of Columbus landing.
Colombian - Columbus
Had native Americans on display as exhibits
Says to world, we dominated North America
Entire fair was fake buildings that were made of paper mâché

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8
Q

Great Chicago Fire

A

October 8 - October 10 1871

100s killed/ destroyed 3.3 square miles
largest 19st century disaster in US
Mrs. Oleary’s cow
Only remaining building from fire is water tower place on michigan ave

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9
Q

Henry Howard Holmes

A 
Ran boarding house in Chicago
First serial killer
Designed house for house of death
27 confirmed killed
victims from worlds fair
1861 - 1896
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10
Q

Charlotte Perkins Gilman

A

American sociologist
1860-1935
wrote poetry, short stories, and nonfiction
One of the first feminists

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11
Q

Jane Addams

A 
1860 -1935
leader for womens sufferage
founded The Hull House in Chicago
reformed of progressive era
1931, nobel peace prize
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12
Q

Ida B Wells

A

1862-1931
Black journalist
leader civil rights movement
documented lynchings in US

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13
Q

Neurasthenia

A

term given to women having a nervous breakdown
George Miller Beard
placed upon depressed women

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14
Q

George Armstrong Custer

A 
1839 - 1876
US army commander
"custer's last stand"
Battle of little bighorn
Fought indians
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15
Q

Laissez-Faire Economy

A

transactions between private parties cannot be taxed
“hands off economy”
Used to describe relationship between government and industry

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16
Q

Ethnocentrism

A

Judging anothers culture as lower than yours

View of white man towards indians

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17
Q

Assimilation (Native Americans)

A

1790-1920
effort to make Indians for westerized
Dawes Act 1887, reservation land for Indians

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18
Q

Theodore Roosevelt

A 
1858- 1919
26th president
"cowboy"
founded bull-moose party
Youngest president
"rough riders"/Spanish American War
Veep to William McKinley. Become president after assasination
Naturalist/national parks
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19
Q

Jose Marti

A

1853 - 1895
fought against USA in Cuba
Death a cry for Cuban independence

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20
Q

Teller Amendment

A

April, 1898
US could not annex Cuba.
“control of the island to its people”
Response to McKinley’s War Message

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21
Q

Platt Amendment

A 
1901
Replaced Teller Amendment
Defined US/Cuba relations till 1934
Gave US Guantanamo Bay Naval Base
conditions of troop withdrawal from Cuba
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22
Q

Monroe Doctrine

A

December 2, 1823

European nations colonizing south america would be met for us intervention

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23
Q

Roosevelt Corollary

A

Attached to Monroe Doctrine
Put forth by teddy roosevelt
states US will intervene in conflicts between european nations and latin americans countries
Spanish/American War

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24
Q

Booker T. Washington

A 
1856 - 1915
Black man
spoke on behalf of many blacks
Atlanta Address of 1895
Founded Tuskegee Institute in alabama
Well respected
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25
Q

Tuskegee Institute

A

Founded by Booker T Washington 1881
historically black university
Taught black men trade crafts in construction, agriculture, livestock work, cabinet making, etc
still exists today

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26
Q

The Yellow Wallpaper

A

Written by Charlotte Perkins Gilman (1892)
early feminist literature
Start of feminist movement

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27
Q

Coverture

A

Legal doctrine states that upon marriage, women’s legal rights and possessions belonged to husband

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28
Q

Andrew Carnegie

A 
1835 - 1919
Scottish/American Industrialist
Philanthropist of his time
founded Carnegie Steel Company 
Founded numerous organizations that bear his namesake
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29
Q

John D. Rockefeller

A 
1839 - 1937
American Industrialist/philanthropist
dominated oil industry
first business trust
Founded Standard Oil Co.
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30
Q

Pullman Car Company

A 
Founded George Pullman 
1867
Luxury Train Car Company
Chicago
Sight of Pullman car strike
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31
Q

Plessy v Ferguson

A

1896
required racial segregation in public facilities
“separate but equal”
Supreme Court Case

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32
Q

Dawes Act 1887

A

1887
authorized president to survey indian land and divide it into allotments for individual indians on reservations
“Five Civilized Tribes”

33
Q

Treaty of Fort Laramie

A

1868 AND 1851
guaranteed lakota ownership of black hills
Indian Reservation treaty
Closed reservation land to all white people

34
Q

Wovoka (Jack Wilson)

A

1856 - 1932
AKA Jack Wilson
founded ghost dance movement 1890 (tail end of Indian wars)
“medicine man”
Freaked white people out
Praying for return of buffalo and for the white man to leave

35
Q

Patronage

A

During Gilded Age

“spoils system”

36
Q

Merit System

A

process of hiring government based on their ability to perform job
opposite of spoils system
Skills, worthiness to posses job

37
Q

Radical Republican

A

1854 - 1877
not formally organized
leader Thaddeus Stevens

38
Q

Total Warfare

A

september, 1864
US civil war
eliminated food and supplies vital to the south’s military operations
William Tecumseh Sherman’s “March To The Sea” is an example

39
Q

Black Codes

A

Laws in US, after civil war. 1866
limited human and civil rights of blacks
Varied state to state

40
Q

Home Rule

A

ability of states to rule their own administrative area

41
Q

Atlanta Compromise

A

1895 agreement between black leaders and southern white leaders
blacks would work weekly and submit to white political rule.
Written by Booker T Washington

42
Q

Omaha Platform

A

July 4, 1892

Political party, part of Populist (People’s Party”

43
Q

Scalawag

A

Southern whites supporting reconstruction and the republican party post civil war
1867

44
Q

Ku Klux Klan (KKK)

A 
Late 1865- 1870s
white supremacy, white nationalism, 
terrorism
targeted freed blacks and supporters
Nathan Bedford forest founder
Connected to Democratic Party in south
45
Q

W.E.B. DuBois

A

1868 - 1963
black man
sociologist, historian, civil rights activist,
Co-Founder NAACP
Niagara Movement leader. opposed Atlanta Compromise
Protested lynchings and jim crow laws

46
Q

NAACP

A

Formed 1909
W.E.B. DuBois co-counder
Origins in Niagara movement
ensure political, educations, social, and economic equality for blacks

47
Q

Ghost Dance

A

1890
religious movement that incorporated numerous native american beliefs
Jack Wilson (Wovoka)

48
Q

Mugwump

A

Republican political activist
Supported grover cleveland in 1884 election
Helped get Grover Cleveland elected

49
Q

Stalwart

A

Faction of Republican party
end 19th century
Led by Roscoe Conkling
pitted against “half breeds”

50
Q

Boss Tweed

A

William M Tweed
1823 - 1878
Boss of Tammany Hall
Major political influence in new york

51
Q

Tammany Hall

A

Founded by William Tweed (boss tweed)
center for democratic-republican party
built 1830
controlled many elections in NYC

52
Q

Cholera

A

Virus
Diarrhea and vomiting
get it by drinking dirty water contaminated with shit
First reportable disease in US

53
Q

James A Garfield

A

1831 - 1881
20th president (last 200 days)
energized US naval power
appointed several prominent blacks to federal positions
Assassinated in 1881 by Charles J Guiteau
Shot in train station

54
Q

Charles Guiteau

A 
1841 - 1882
Assassinated President James Garfield
Executed by hanging
Preacher, writer, lawyer
Driven by belief patronage system. Crazy. Thought new as entitled to a foreign position in Austria
55
Q

Dorman B Eaton

A

1823 - 1899
intrumental in american federal civil service reform
lawyer
member of the first US civil service commission

56
Q

Pendleton Act

A

1883
federal law stipulated that government job employees should be appointed by merit
Prevents positions from being appointed as a result of political reasons

57
Q

Interstate Commerce Act

A

1887
regulated railroad industry, specifically its monopolistic ways
Prevented price fixing
regulated private industry

58
Q

Manifest Destiny

A

belief by many americans that the US was bound to expand across the continent (west)
Provided the tone to westward expansion
Late 1800s

59
Q

Leland Stanford

A

1824 - 1893
American tycoon, industrialist, robber baron
Founder Stanford University
Gov of California 1861
President Central Pacific Railroad
Intertwined politics and the private sector

60
Q

Union Pacific Railroad

A

incorporated 1862, under act of congress “Pacific Railroad Act of 1862”
One of the two rail line that connected the west and east coast of USA

61
Q

Homestead Act

A

gave applicant (at no cost) farmland
1862
gave people land to farm on

62
Q

Morrill Land Grant Act

A

Allowed for the creation of land grant colleges
1862
Iowa was the first to accept the terms of the act
Allowed for state colleges today
Agriculture and engineering stressed

63
Q

Promontory Point, Utah

A

Where the transcontinental railroad met
1869
Where the Union Pacific Railroad and Central Pacific Railroad met

64
Q

Black Hills of South Dakota

A

1868, For Laramie Treaty prevented whites from settling that area
Home to first national monument “Devils Tower”

65
Q

Abraham Lincoln

A 
1809 - 1865
16th president
assassinated 1865
Led country through civil war
ranked as of the the 3 greatest us presidents
66
Q

William Tecumsah Sherman

A 
1820 - 1891
Soldier
Started "scorched earth" policies during civil war
Served under Grant
Captured Atlanta
involved in Indian Wars
67
Q

Wade-Davis Bill

A

passed:1864.
proposed reconstruction of south after civil war
Pocket veto by Lincoln

68
Q

Sherman Bow Ties

A

occurred during civil war
named after major general william tecumsah sherman
method of destroying souther rail lines by heating them until they were red, and then would bend then around trees to make them unusable

69
Q

Freedman’s Bureau

A

passed 1865
key agency during reconstruction
aided former slaves via legal, food, and housing, oversight, education, health care,
Disbanded by Ulysses s Grant

70
Q

Field Order 15

A

Ordered during Civil War in 1865 by William Tecumsah Sherman
confiscated 400,000 acres along atlantic coast of SC, georgia, and florida
was to be settled by 18,000 freed slave families and other blacks
“40 acres and a mule”

71
Q

Andrew Johnson

A

1808 - 1875
17th president
democrat

72
Q

Thadeus Stevens

A

1792 - 1868
Republican leader, powerful member of house of representatives
wrote much financial legislation for civil war
known as “dictator” of congress

73
Q

Carpet Baggers

A

1865 - 1877
A person from the north, who went to the south the help with reconstruction process
Often used on those from the north that traveled south for money

74
Q

Cotton States and International Exposition, 1895

A

800,000 people attended
Piedmont Park, Atlanta, Georgia
Showcased products and new technologies.
encouraged trade with latin america
Presided over by President Grover Cleveland
“Atlanta Compromise Speech” given here by booker t washington

75
Q

Atlanta Compromise Speech

A

Speech given at the Cotton States and International exposition in 1895.
Given by prominent black man Booker t washington
laid foundation for agreement between black leaders and southern white leaders. Southern blacks would submit to white political rule, southern whites guaranteed blacks would receive basic education

75
Q

Horizontal integration

A

Standard oil

76
Q

Vertical integration

A

Carnegie

77
Q

The New Woman

A 
1890s
New freedom for women
Don't have right to vote yet
Feminist movements beginning
Idea of what women could/should be
Women should have some independence

us history test 1 (1 decks)

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