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Pipe 160 > Test 1 > Flashcards

Test 1 Flashcards

1
Q
  1. NPS is an acronym for ______.
A

Nominal Pipe Size

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2
Q
  1. T/F Pipes were originally produced to have one thickness which was termed standard (STD).
A

True

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3
Q
  1. When pipes were manufactured with thicker walls they became known as extra _________ or extra __________.
A

strong, heavy

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4
Q
  1. T/F As pipes were manufactured with thicker walls, the outside diameters remained unchanged.
A

True

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5
Q
  1. The term ____ was invented to specify the nominal wall thickness of pipe.
A

schedule

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6
Q
  1. The NPS is loosely related to the _______diameter of the pipe.
A

inside

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7
Q
  1. For a given NPS, the pipe _______ diameter stays constant.
A

outside

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8
Q
  1. Larger schedule numbers mean ________ pipe wall thickness.
A

thicker

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9
Q
  1. Name the two non-dimensional numbers used to specify pipe.
A

Nominal Pipe Size (NPS) & schedule number (SCH)

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10
Q
  1. For pipe sizes larger than _____ inch, the NPS corresponds to the actual outside diameter.
A

12

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11
Q
  1. Schedule 80 pipe provides a _________ factor of safety compared to a similar size Schedule 40 pipe.
A

greater

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12
Q
  1. Schedule 80 pipe costs ____ compared to a similar size Schedule 40 pipe.
A

more

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13
Q

Using the ANSI Pipe Schedule, answer the questions below.
11. For the following pipe sizes, state the pipe outside diameter:
a. 2-inch ______
b. 6-inch ______
c. 12- inch _____
d. 16-inch _____

A

a. 2-inch 2.375”
b. 6-inch 6.625”
c. 12- inch 12.750”
d. 16-inch16.000”

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14
Q

Using the ANSI Pipe Schedule, answer the questions below.
12. For the following pipe sizes, calculate the pipe inside diameter:
a. 2-inch XH _______
b. 8-inch Schedule 40 _______
c. 12-inch Schedule 40 ______
d. 20-inch Schedule 80 ______

A

a. 2-inch XH 2.375 - 2 x .218 = 1.939”
b. 8-inch Schedule 40 8.625 - 2 x .322 = 7.981”
c. 12-inch Schedule 40 12.750 - 2 x .406 = 11.938”
d. 20-inch Schedule 80 20.000 - 2 x 1.031 = 17.938”

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15
Q

Using the ANSI Pipe Schedule, answer the questions below.
13. What is the weight per foot in pounds of the following pipe sizes:
a. 2-inch XH _____
b. 10-inch Schedule 40 ______
c. 20-inch Schedule 40 ______
d. 30 -inch XH _________

A

a. 2-inch XH 5.03
b. 10-inch Schedule 40 40.52
c. 20-inch Schedule 40 123.23
d. 30 -inch XH 157.68

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16
Q
  1. This material is used due to its good corrosion resistance and excellent machinablility. It is used in low to medium pressure applications, commonly in residential or commercial plumbing systems.
A

Brass

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17
Q
  1. This material is a popular choice due to its ability to handle high temperature, high pressure operations. It is commonly used in the water, oil, and gas industries.
A

Carbon Steel

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18
Q
  1. This material is used in applications that involve corrosive fluids, chemicals, and environments. It is often used in food processing, pharmaceutical, and chemical.
A

Stainless Steel

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19
Q
  1. This material is a cost-effective material commonly used in low pressure applications. It is often used in water, steam and gas applications.
A

Cast Iron

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20
Q
  1. This material is used for applications that call for unique properties and are highly resistant to corrosion and extreme high temperatures. This material Is often used is chemical processing plants and nuclear power facilities.
A

Special Alloys

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21
Q
  1. This material is like cast iron in its composition but offers higher strength and flexibility. It is often used in water, oil, and gas applications.
A

Ductile Iron

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22
Q
  1. What are the two most popular methods of manufacturing valves.
A

Casting Method and Forging Method

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23
Q
  1. Name the six steps in involved casting.
A

Mold or core preparation, Metal melting, Pouring molten metal into the mold, Solidifying the metal, Removing the cast component from the mold, Finishing and polishing the component

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24
Q
  1. Name the five stages involved in forging.
A

Cutting and forging the metal, Trimming excess material, Sandblasting to smooth and clean surfaces, Machining to refine shape and dimensions, Surface treatment to enhance component properties

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25
Q
  1. Name two advantages of the casting process.
A

Suitable for high-volume production and Ideal for creating intricate valve components

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26
Q

10.Name two advantages of the forging process.

A

Improved fatigue resistance, making it suitable for heavy-duty applications and Suited for producing smaller components or low volume orders

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27
Q
  1. _______ were the first people to use valves with aqueducts.
A

Romans

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28
Q
  1. Name two applications that valves were used for in ancient times.
A

Public use or irrigation

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29
Q
  1. T/F The modern history of the valve industry starts with the Industrial Revolution.
A

True

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30
Q
  1. Name the four primary functions of valves.
A

On/off, flow control, directional flow and overpressure protection

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31
Q
  1. This valve part is the main pressure retaining part, provides the passage for fluid flow, and accommodates the valve trim.
A

The body

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32
Q
  1. If the inside passage diameter of the valve is the same as the connecting pipe, it is known as a _______.
A

Full bore

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33
Q
  1. If the inside passage diameter of the valve is smaller than the connecting pipe, it is known as a _____.
A

Reduced bore

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34
Q
  1. Name a type of valve end connection.
A

threaded

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35
Q
  1. This kind of body is used mainly in globe valves, piston or plug type check valves.
A

Crossflow or Split section body

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36
Q
  1. The cover for the valve body is known as a ________.
A

Bonnet

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37
Q
  1. T/F In a split body ball valve, there is not a bonnet because the body is split into two sections.
A

True

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38
Q
  1. The removable internal parts of the valve that contact the flow medium are known as the valve ___.
A

trim

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39
Q
  1. This part of the valve trim allows, throttles, or stops the fluid flow.
A

the disc

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40
Q
  1. T/F The valve leakage rate is directly proportional to the effectiveness of the seal between the valve disc and the seat(s).
A

true

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41
Q
  1. What is the purpose of the back seat.
A

Prevents leakage of flow medium to the packing chamber and consequently to the environment.

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42
Q
  1. This part of the valve connects the actuator and the disk.
A

the stem

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43
Q
  1. This valve part connects the valve body or bonnet with the actuating mechanism.
A

the yoke

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44
Q
  1. What is the stem/gland packing made of?
A

Graphite or Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)

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45
Q
  1. Name three U. S. based organizations involved in valve standards.
A

American Petroleum Institute, American Society of Mechanical Engineers, American National Standards Institute

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46
Q
  1. Which ASME Standard covers Face-to-Face and End-to-End Dimensions of Valves?
A

Standard 16.10

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47
Q
  1. Name four valve types that are covered by this standard?
A

Plug, check, gate, globe

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48
Q
  1. What is the purpose of this standard?
A

To assure installation interchangeability for valves of a given material, type, size, rating class and end connection.

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49
Q
  1. Define the face-to-face flange dimension.
A

The distance between the extreme ends which the gasket surface contacts.

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50
Q
  1. Define the face-to-face flange dimension for buttwelded end valves.
A

The distance between the welding bevels.

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51
Q
  1. Valve size in North America is denoted by the ___________.
A

nominal pipe size (NPS)

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52
Q
  1. In the metric system, valve size is designated by the _________.
A

nominal diameter (DN) of connecting pipe or the connecting flange ends.

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53
Q
  1. T/F The valve size is not necessarily equal to the inside diameter of the valve.
A

True

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54
Q
  1. What is WOG an acronym for and what does it represent?
A

Water, Oil, Gas - represents the maximum pressure per square inch that the valve can handle at ambient temperature.

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55
Q
  1. A 200 WOG equals _______ psi.
A

200

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56
Q
  1. What is CWP an acronym for and what does it represent?
A

Cold Working Pressure - defines the maximum pressure rating for valves between -20F - 100F.

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57
Q
  1. A 150 CWP equals _______ psi.
A

150

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58
Q
  1. T/F Class numbers designate the pressure-temperature ratings of valves.
A

True

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59
Q
  1. The temperature shown for a corresponding pressure rating is the temperature of the _______ component of the valve.
A

Pressure-containing shell

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60
Q
  1. What class numbers are covered by ASME standard B16.34?
A

150, 300, 400, 600, 900, 1500, 2500, and 4500 valves

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61
Q
  1. What class numbers for steel pipe are covered by ASME standard B16.34?
A

150,300,600,900,1500, & 2500

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62
Q
  1. Name the two types of leaks that occur while undergoing tests.
A

External and Internal

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63
Q
  1. Name the two types of tests used to test for valve leakage.
A

Hydrostatic and/or pneumatic

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64
Q
  1. T/F The maximum allowable leakage for valves is defined by valve size.
A

True

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65
Q
  1. What is the most widely used standard for valve inspection & testing?
A

American Petroleum Institute (API) 598, Valve Inspection and Test

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66
Q
  1. _____ test confirms the soundness of the pressure containing structure within the valve.
A

Shell

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67
Q
  1. _____ test verifies the leakage through the stem or shaft to the seal.
A

Backseat

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68
Q
  1. ______ test is required for all gate, globe, plug, check, floating ball, and butterfly and verifies the leakage through the closure mechanism.
A

Closure

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69
Q
  1. T/F The API standard requires zero leakage for the shell test.
A

False No visible leakage

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70
Q

Using the Leakage Table in the Reading, answer questions 26 -28.

  1. How much liquid (drops/minute) is allowed for a 4” metal seated ball valve?
A

12

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71
Q

Using the Leakage Table in the Reading, answer questions 26 -28.

  1. How much gas (bubbles/minute) is allowed for a 10” metal seated plug valve?
A

40

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72
Q

Using the Leakage Table in the Reading, answer questions 26 -28.

  1. Per the notes, 1 milliliter is equivalent to ____ drops.
A

16

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73
Q
  1. What is the ISO standard for pressure testing of valves?
A

ISO 5208, Industrial Valves, Pressure Testing of Valves

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74
Q
  1. Name two valves that are classified as linear motion valves.
A

Gate and globe

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75
Q
  1. Name three valves that are classified as rotary motion valves.
A

Stop check valve, ball valve and plug valve

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76
Q

What are the Different ANSI Classes for Valves?
32. Fill in the table below for the maximum pressure ratings for the ANSI Classes for the temperature range of -20⁰F to 100⁰F.
ANSI CLASS
150

A

285 psig

77
Q

What are the Different ANSI Classes for Valves?
32. Fill in the table below for the maximum pressure ratings for the ANSI Classes for the temperature range of -20⁰F to 100⁰F.
ANSI CLASS 300

A

740 psig

78
Q

What are the Different ANSI Classes for Valves?
32. Fill in the table below for the maximum pressure ratings for the ANSI Classes for the temperature range of -20⁰F to 100⁰F.
ANSI CLASS 600

A

1480 psig

79
Q

What are the Different ANSI Classes for Valves?
32. Fill in the table below for the maximum pressure ratings for the ANSI Classes for the temperature range of -20⁰F to 100⁰F.
ANSI CLASS 900

A

2220 psig

80
Q
  1. When a valve has a smaller diameter than the pipeline, the flow velocity will _______ through the valve
A

increase

81
Q
  1. The point of the highest velocity and lowest pressure is known as the _______.
A

vena contracta

82
Q
  1. The fluid pressure increase that occurs as the fluid moves from the valve’s outlet and downstream piping is known as FL or _______.
A

pressure recovery factor

83
Q
  1. Define Valve Flow Coefficient (Cv).
A

A valve’s capacity for a liquid or gas to flow through it.

84
Q
  1. The larger the Cv, the ____ the flow will be through the valve.
A

more

85
Q

1.

A

Valve inlet pressure P1

86
Q

2.

A

Recovery region

87
Q

3.

A

Vena contracta pressure

88
Q

4.

A

Pressure loss ΔP

89
Q

5.

A

Valve outlet pressure P2

90
Q

6.

A

Pressure recovery

91
Q
  1. T/F High pressure recovery valves are designed to minimize pressure loss by streamlining the flow passage.
A

True

92
Q
  1. A valve reaches its highest Cv value when it is ____ % open.
A

100

93
Q
  1. What is the equation for Cv for liquids?
A

Cv = Q*√(SG/ΔP)

94
Q
  1. When selecting a valve, the Cv should fall between _______ open.
A

20% and 80%

95
Q
  1. ΔP represents _____________________.
A

the pressure drop across the valve (in psi)

96
Q

Using the Dia-Flo Diaphragm Valve -Straightway Valve Flow Coefficient Table in the Supplemental Reading, answer the following questions.

  1. Provide the Cv values for the following valve sizes and % Open
    a. 4-inch valve, 50% Open –
    b. 10-inch valve, 100% Open –
    c. 2-inch valve, 80% Open –
    d. 6-inch valve, 20% Open –
A

400
5000
235
450

97
Q

Using the Dia-Flo Diaphragm Valve -Straightway Valve Flow Coefficient Table in the Supplemental Reading, answer the following questions.

  1. Find the rate of flow of water (gallons per minute) through a 4” Flanged End Unlined valve, 80% open, with a pressure drop of 1 psig.
A

625 gpm

98
Q

Using the Dia-Flo Diaphragm Valve -Straightway Valve Flow Coefficient Table in the Supplemental Reading, answer the following questions.

  1. Find the rate of flow of water (gallons per minute) through a 8” Flanged End Unlined valve, 60% open, with a pressure drop of 1 psig.
A

2050 gpm

99
Q

Using the Dia-Flo Diaphragm Valve -Straightway Valve Flow Coefficient Table in the Supplemental Reading, answer the following questions.

  1. Find the valve size and valve position of an unlined valve, with flow at 100 gpm and a pressure drop of 2 psi for Ethylene Glycol (specific gravity = 1.125).
A

100 * (√(1.125/5)) = (100) * (.47) = 47.43 gpm. 1 1/2 inch valve at roughly 34% open

100
Q

Using the Dia-Flo Diaphragm Valve -Straightway Valve Flow Coefficient Table in the Supplemental Reading, answer the following questions.

  1. Find the valve size and valve position of an unlined valve, with flow at 800 gpm and a pressure drop of 3 psi for Ethylene Glycol (specific gravity = 1.125).
A

800 * (√(1.125/3)) = (800) * (.61) = 488 gpm 4” valve at roughly 61% open

101
Q
  1. A general rule of thumb is that valves __ inch and smaller can use threaded connections while larger sized valves use flanged connections.
A

2

102
Q
  1. T/F Most applications of valves have end connections with identical ends.
A

True

103
Q
  1. Name two valve applications where different end connections on the valve may be used.
A

Drain and vent valves

104
Q
  1. A threaded valve end connection typically uses a __________.
A

female NPT connection

105
Q
  1. T/F NPT threads are interchangeable with NPS (National Pipe Straight) Threads.
A

False

106
Q
  1. NPT threads have a thread angle of ____ ⁰.
A

60

107
Q
  1. Name the three types of pipe unions.
A

Threaded, compression and flare unions

108
Q
  1. A pipe ______is a short piece of pipe used to connect two pipes through a threaded connection.
A

coupling

109
Q
  1. A flange ____ is added between the pipe flange and the valve flange to fasten them together with stud bolts to complete the connection.
A

gasket

110
Q
  1. What is the largest advantage of using a flanged valve?
A

The valve can easily be removed from the pipe

111
Q
  1. Name the two criteria that flange dimensions are determined by.
A

Pipe size and pressure class

112
Q
  1. The measurement of the theoretical circle on which the center points of the bolt holes lie is known as the ______________.
A

Bolt circle diameter

113
Q
  1. The measurement of the opening in the center of the flange is known as the __________.
A

Flange inner diameter or bore

114
Q
  1. The measurement of the diameter of the opening where the bolts go is known as _______. diameter
A

Bolt hole diameter

115
Q
  1. For steel flanges manufactured to ANSI/ASME B16.5 standard in Classes 150 and 300 have a raised face height of _____ inch.
A

1/16

116
Q
  1. For steel flanges manufactured to ANSI/ASME B16.5 standard exceeding Classes 300 have a raised face height of _____ inch.
A

1/4

117
Q
  1. For the flange illustration below, label the specific flange dimensions 1.
A

Flange outer diameter

118
Q
  1. For the flange illustration below, label the specific flange dimensions 2.
A

Bolt circle diameter

119
Q
  1. For the flange illustration below, label the specific flange dimensions 3.
A

Raised face diameter

120
Q
  1. For the flange illustration below, label the specific flange dimensions 4.
A

Bore

121
Q
  1. For the flange illustration below, label the specific flange dimensions 5.
A

Flange thickness

122
Q
  1. For the flange illustration below, label the specific flange dimensions 6.
A

Bolt Hole Diameter

123
Q
  1. For the flange illustration below, label the specific flange dimensions 7.
A

Raised face height

124
Q
  1. This flange face allows full contact between the two mating flanges and the flange gasket.
A

Flat Face (FF)

125
Q
  1. This flange face has a circular area that provides a separation of the flanges with the outside diameter of the gasket being smaller than the bolt circle.
A

Raised Face (RF)

126
Q
  1. This flange face is typically used for high pressure (ANSI 900 and above) applications.
A

Ring Type Joint (RTJ)

127
Q
  1. Identify the face type for the following flanges:
A

Raised Face

128
Q
  1. Identify the face type for the following flanges:
A

Flat Face

129
Q
  1. Identify the face type for the following flanges:
A

Ring Type Joint

130
Q
  1. A ____ gasket is used with a flat face flange.
A

Full face

131
Q
  1. T/F Non-metallic gaskets are used with serrated finished flanges.
A

True

132
Q
  1. As the temperature of a flange increases, the maximum pressure rating ______.
A

decrease

133
Q
  1. T/F A flange gasket is a soft sealing material closed between two flanges to make a leak free sealing application.
A

True

134
Q
  1. Name the three major forces acting on the flange gasket.
A

Bolt load, the hydrostatic end force and Internal pressure

135
Q
  1. Name the three common types of gaskets.
A

Non-metallic Gaskets, Semi-metallic or Composite Gaskets and Metallic Gaskets

136
Q
  1. Typically, non-metallic (composite) gaskets are used in ____ pressure applications.
A

low

137
Q
  1. Name the three typical thicknesses for non-metallic gaskets in North America.
A

1/32”, 1/16” and 1/8”

138
Q
  1. What function does the non-metallic portion of a semi-metallic gasket provide?
A

Conformability and sealability

139
Q
  1. ____ gaskets are used on raised face flanges.
A

semi-metallic

140
Q
  1. T/F All spiral wound gaskets are furnished with a centering ring.
A

True

141
Q
  1. Name the parts of a spiral-wound gasket. a.
A

Winding

142
Q
  1. Name the parts of a spiral-wound gasket. b.
A

Inner Ring

143
Q
  1. Name the parts of a spiral-wound gasket. c.
A

Outer Ring

144
Q
  1. Name two common types of spiral wound gaskets.
A

Basic Spiral Wound Gaskets and Inner Ring Spiral Wound Gaskets

145
Q
  1. Metallic gaskets are typically used in ____ pressure and temperature applications.
A

high

146
Q
  1. What is the applicable pressure range for ring-joint gaskets?
A

1,000 psi to 15,000 psi

147
Q
  1. T/F Welded valves are difficult to disassemble and reinstall so they are typically used in harsh conditions or where they can operate reliably for a long period of time.
A

True

148
Q
  1. T/F Butt weld valve end connections are manufactured with a bevel to match the thickness and bevel on the pipe.
A

True

149
Q
  1. A socket weld valve has an end connection with an inner diameter that is slightly ____ than the pipe’s outer diameter.
A

greater

150
Q
  1. An extension that is added to a short face-to-face valve
A

Adapter Spool

151
Q
  1. Mechanical wearing away of a metal surface.
A

Erosion

152
Q
  1. . Tearing of metal when two elements rub against each other
A

Galling

153
Q
  1. Mechanism on valve operators to prevent unauthorized operation
A

Locking device

154
Q
  1. Fitting at bottom of valve that allows draining
A

Drain plug

155
Q
  1. Pressure containing part of a valve
A

Body

156
Q
  1. Provided on valves for lifting & positioning
A

Lifting Lugs

157
Q
  1. Valve that when activated initiates a blowdown releasing pressure
A

Blowdown valve

158
Q
  1. Device that reflects the open & closed position of valve
A

Position Indicator

159
Q
  1. Capable of passing certain specified leakage after fire exposure
A

Fire Safe

160
Q
  1. Additional amount of wall thickness to account for corrosion
A

Corrosion Allowance

161
Q
  1. Stem that moves up as the valve is opened.
A

Rising Stem

162
Q
  1. A fitting through lubricant or sealant is injected is known as _____.
A

Grease fitting

163
Q
  1. Process where a pipeline under pressure is cut into to provide a side outlet is known as ____.
A

Hot Tapping

164
Q
  1. A short length of small size pipe that is threaded on both ends is known as a(n) ____.
A

Nipple

165
Q
  1. A flow or pressure oscillation that is repeated in fixed time intervals.
A

Pulsation

166
Q
  1. A procedure used in the repair of a pipeline to isolate a section of line in the absence of a shut off valve
A

Stopple or stop off

167
Q
  1. Paper provided by the steel mill that indicates the chemical analysis and physical properties of a specific batch of steel.
A

Product Analysis

168
Q
  1. The restriction of flow by partially opening or closing a valve is known as _______.
A

Throttling

169
Q
  1. Sudden rise in pressure to an excessive or abnormal value. Often caused by the sudden closure of a block valve
A

Surge

170
Q
  1. The turning effort required to operate a valve, and is usually expressed in lb/ft.
A

Torque

171
Q
  1. A length of pipe that is welded to a valve hub that serves as a transition piece from the customer’s piping to the valve to compensate for differences in material or size.
A

Transition Piece

172
Q
  1. The number of complete revolutions of a handwheel or the pinion shaft of a gear operated required to stroke a valve from fully open to fully closed or vice versa.
A

Turns to Operate

173
Q
  1. Inspection tests that are not destructive to the valve. Examples of liquid penetrant, radiographic inspection, ultrasonic inspection.
A

Non-Destructive Tests

174
Q
  1. The sealing ability of a valve and is performed by air pressure testing of a valve in the closed position.
A

Bubble-Tight Shutoff

175
Q
  1. The capability of obtaining a seal across the upstream and downstream seat rings of a valve when the body pressure is bled off to the atmosphere.
A

Double Block and Bleed

176
Q
  1. A valve that is installed which is buried below ground level
A

Buried Service

177
Q
  1. Produced by pressure waves generated within piping by a rapid change of velocity in a liquid system often accompanied by loud banging.
A

Water Hammer

178
Q
  1. This type of globe valve has end connections that are at right angles to each line
A

Angle Valve

179
Q
  1. The part of a valve that the closure element affects a tight shutoff.
A

Seat

180
Q
  1. The shaft that transmits motion from an operator to the closure element of the valve.
A

Stem

181
Q
  1. A test in which a valve is filled with water and pressure tested.
A

Hydrostatic Test or Shell Test

182
Q
  1. Define FOB.
A

Free Onboard Transportation are absorbed by vendor to the FOB Point. Usually a shipment is FOB Factory, in
which case, title, and transportation charges pass to the customer when it leaves the factory.

183
Q
  1. The equipment applied to buried valves to provide above grade accessibility to operating gear, blowdown, and seat sealant systems.
A

Extension Stem

184
Q
  1. The process or procedure by which the internal structure of steel is altered by heating to produce desired physical characteristics.
A

Heat-Treatment

185
Q
  1. Define Pressure-Temperature Ratings.
A

The maximum allowable working pressures at specified temperatures. For steel valves, the ratings are defined by “classes” and found in ASME B16.34. For iron and bronze valves, the ratings are defined in the applicable MSS specifications

186
Q
  1. Define Bending Moment.
A

The mechanical bending load produced by a force applied to a part at a right angle to its surface or axis. The product of the force times the perpendicular distance to the point of restraint. Usually expressed in pound-feet

187
Q
  1. The seal produced by metal-to-metal contact between the sealing face of the seat ring and the closure elements, without benefit of a synthetic seal.
A

Metal-to-Metal Seal

188
Q
  1. Name three things that cause pressure drop in a pipeline.
A

Fluid friction, restrictions and change-of direction fittings.

189
Q
  1. A valve designed only for on/off service.
A

Shut-off Valve

Pipe 160 (4 decks)

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