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Test 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the average velocity of ultrasound in soft tissue?

A

1.54 mm/microseconds

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2
Q

Propagation speed though a medium is primarily dependent on the _________________.

A

Stiffness

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3
Q

If sound waves of 3 MHz, 5 MHz, and 10 MHz are transmitted through the same section of liver, which signal would reach its target first?

A

Reflections from all three frequencies would have identical transit times.

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4
Q

In DMS, what is a period?

A

The time required to complete one wavelength

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5
Q

Which factor can NOT be controlled by the sonographer, either directly or indirectly?

A) propagation speed
B) amplitude
C) period
D) frequency

A

Propagation speed cannot be controlled by the sonographer

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6
Q

What is the unit for acoustic impedance?

A

Rayl’s

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7
Q

What is the unit for frequency?

A

Megaheartz

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8
Q

What is the unit for wavelength?

A

Millimeter

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9
Q

What is the unit for period?

A

Microsecond

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10
Q

What is the unit for power?

A

Watts

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11
Q

What is the unit for propagation speed?

A

Meter/Second

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12
Q

Rarefaction describes a region of _________ along the wave.

A

low pressure

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13
Q

What is the wavelength of a 3MHz ultrasound beam?

A

0.5 mm

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14
Q

When particle motion of a medium is parallel to the direction of the wave propagation, the wave being transmitted is called:

A

Longitudinal

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15
Q

In DMS, what is the period if the frequency is 2 MHz?

A

0.5 μm

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16
Q

What is 6 micrometers in scientific notation?

A

6 x 10^-6

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17
Q

What is equal to 5 mm in km?

A

0.000005

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18
Q

What describes sound propagations through a vacuum?

A

Sound cannot travel through a vacuum

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19
Q

What term describes the distance between the compression zones?

A

Wavelength

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20
Q

What is the formula for acoustic impedance?

A

density x propagation speed

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21
Q

(True/False)

Two waves that interact with each other will always cause destructive interference

A

False

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22
Q

Finish the Statement:

When frequency increases the resolution (blank)
and the ability of the beam to penetrate the medium (blank)

A

When frequency increases the resolution improves
and the ability of the beam to penetrate the medium decreases

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23
Q

Finish the Statement:

When frequency decreases, the period (blank)
and the wavelength (blank).

A

When frequency decreases, the period increases
and the wavelength increases

24
Q

How many crystals are in a continuous wave transducer?

25
In diagnostic medical sonography, what will happen to the density if the frequency is doubled?
Density is not affected by frequency
26
What is the frequency if the period is 0.16 μs? **round to the nearest whole number**
6 MHz (Note: do not forget to write the unit)
27
What is one Hertz equal to per second?
One cycle per second
28
What is the term for any sound that is less than audible sound?
Infrasound
29
(True/False) Wavelength and period are measuring the same portion of a wave just with different units.
True
30
What is the wavelength if you have a period of 0.25 microseconds? **round your answer to 2 decimal places**
0.39 mm (Note: do not forget to include the unit)
31
List the ultrasound velocity in biological tissues in order of slowest to fastest: Tissues named: (not in order) Bone Fat Blood Air Soft tissue
air, fat, soft tissue, blood, bone
32
What happens to the intensity if the amplitude is increased by a factor of 3?
The intensity would be increased by a factor of 9
33
What happens to the intensity if the area is decreased by a factor of two and all other factors are unchanged?
The intensity would be increased by a factor of 2
34
What type of relationship is there between wavelength and period?
Proportional
35
In DMS, what is amplitude?
Amount of change between the maximum and average values for a variable.
36
In DMS, approximately how fast can sound travel in 20 μsec?
3 cm
37
3 kHz is equal to how many MHz?
0.003 MHz
38
(True/False) Elasticity is a materials ability to be conformed when a force is applied to it.
False
39
(True/False) Acoustic impedance is a property of the medium
True
40
Ultrasound is a sound with a frequency greater than (blank) Hz
20,000
41
Which of the following frequencies is in the ultrasound range? A. 15 Hz B. 15 kHz C. 30,000 Hz D. 15,000 Hz
C. 30,000 Hz
42
Name three acoustic variables
Particle motion Density Pressure
43
Frequency is the number of (blank) an acoustic variable goes through in a second
Cycles
44
The unit of frequency is (blank), abbreviated as (blank)
Hertz, (Hz)
45
Period is the (blank) that it takes for one cycle to occur
Time
46
Period decreases while (blank) increases
Frequency
47
Wavelength is the length of (blank) over which one cycle occurs
Space
48
Propagation speed is the speed with which a(n) (blank) moves through a medium
Wave
49
Wavelength is equal to (blank) divided by (blank)
propagation speed / frequency
50
The average propagation speed in soft tissues is ______m/s or ______mm/microsecond
1540 m/s or 1.54 mm/microsecond
51
Propagation speed is determined by the (blank)
Medium
52
Wavelength un soft tissues (blank) while frequency increases
Decreases
53
Sound is a (blank) , (blank) wave
Mechanical, longitudinal wave
54
From given values for propagation speed and frequency, (blank) can be calculated
Wavelength
55
Period equals (blank) divides by (blank)
# of cycles divided by the frequency
56
Frequency = (blank) divided by (blank)
# of cycles divided by the period
57
Phrase to remember scientific notation
Endless — Exto 12 Gossip — Giga 9 My — Mega 6 King — Kilo 3 Henry — Hecto 2 Died — Deka 1 By — base Drinking — Deci -1 Chocolate — Centi -2 Milk — milli -3 My — micro -6 Nana — nano -9 Poisoned — pico -12

Physics 1 (6 decks)

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