Test 1 Flashcards
Chapters 1-8
TB Guidelines
Standard and Airborne precautions, use special care when handling sputum or Phlegm (thick mucus from the respiratory passage
Financial abuse
Illegal use of a persons money, stuff, property or any other asset
Person-Centered Care
Focuses on the individual receiving care, their choices, preferences, beliefs, culture, background, & tradition
Verbal Communication
Using words, spoken or written, to communicate
Chain of Command
Describes the line of authority & protects employees & employers from liability
Agnostic
Believe they do not or can not know if a god exists
Why are NAs observations important to report to RNs?
Care plans are updated every 60 days, findings might determine how the plan needs to change
Susceptible Host
An uninfected person who could become ill
What are facts?
Something factually true that has evidence to back it up.
What happens when a resident complains of abuse by an NA
The relevant state agency runs the investigation
Most common way to get infected with a blood borne pathogen
Contact with infected blood or body fluids
Advance Directives
Legal Documents that gives someone permission to speak and make decisions in the event the resident cannot
Incident
Accident, problem, or unexpected event that takes place during care
Jewish dietary restriction
Kosher food, don’t eat pork or shellfish
Transmission based precautions
Wearing PPE, Varies based on how the infection is transmitted, used in addition to standard precautions made by the CDC
Subjective Information
Based on what the resident has said or reported, may or may not be true
Why you need activity?
It increases energy
Guidelines for using restraints
Resident must be constantly monitored, checked every 15 minutes, restraints released and care given every 2 hrs
OSHAs blood borne pathogen standard for employers
Free Hep B vaccine, available biohazard containers, must give personnel proper PPE
How and why should you use touch?
Always as permission before softly patting or holding the residents hands or shoulders to show them care.
(DNR) Do Not Resusitate
Not allowed to perform life saving measures like CPR (cardio pulmonary resuscitation)
Standard precautions
Washing hands, wearing gloves - used with every resident
(MO)
Microorganism
Implementation
Putting the plan into action
What is true of residents spirituality?
Residents beliefs will differ
How to handle private documents?
Store, file, or shred docs according to facilities policy
OSHAs chemical requirements
SDS Safety data sheet outlines chemical ingredients, dangers, disposal, and safe handling along with emergency response action
Objective Information
Observed info that is collected through the senses: sees, hears, smells, or touches
Legal behavior of an NA
Only discussing residents cases with other members of the care team
Standard precautions for needles
In the sharps container, never attempt to recap them
Cerebral Palsy
Allow residents to move slowly
Doctor (MD or DO)
Licensed professional that diagnoses and prescribes treatment and medication
Chain of Infection
How disease is transmitted from person to person. Causative agent, Reservoir, Portal of exit, Mode of transmission, Portal of entry, Susceptible host.
What does an NA need to do after a fall?
Write an incident report on the fall
Infection Prevention
Methods practiced to prevent and control the spread of disease
How does physical development in infancy move?
From head down
Mandated Reporter
People in regular contact with vulnerable populations that are legally required to report suspected, or observed abuse. Report as much info as possible to the nurse
What activities should you perform with residents?
Only activities listed on the care plan
Durable Power of Attorney for Health Care
Aka Health Care Proxy, legal doc that gives someone else permission to make medical decisions if the person is unable to
How should you communicate with stroke or CVA victims?
Verbal and Non-verbal communication through smiles, touches, and gestures to show a positive attitude
Fulcrum
The elbow
Planning
Creating a care plan
How to handle combative residents?
Remain calm, lower the tone of your voice
Why is it important for you to get to know residents families
To help communicate with the care team
Diagnosis
Identifying health problems after looking at all the residents needs
How to prevent burns or scalds
Check water temperature (with inside of wrist or thermometer, 105F or less), Pour hot drinks away from residents
COVID-19 classification
Classified as both droplet and airborne disease.
Sequence of donning PPE
Gown, Mask, Goggles, Gloves
Why is Oxygen dangerous?
It supports combustion and is a major fire hazard- makes other things burn
What will medical cover?
Only what they determine as “Medically necessary
What kinds of questions should NA’s ask residents?
Open ended questions, not yes or no
Microorganism
Living thing, everywhere in the environment, so small can only be seen under a microscope
Single-Parent families
One parent and one or more children
Insulin Reaction - Hypoglycemia
Results from too much insulin or too little food
Acute Care
24hr skilled care given in hospitals
(OBRA) Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act
Passed b/c of poor care & abuse in LTCF. Requires NAs have 75 hours of training & an annual 12 hours of in-service continuing education
What are NAs not allowed to do?
Insert or remove tubes, give tube feedings, or change sterile dressings
Disposable
Equipment that is discarded after use
Gender identity
Deeply felt sense of ones gender
Disinfection
Destroys most but not all pathogens
When to use abdominal thrusts?
If a resident can no longer speak, breathe or cough, call for help immediately using emergency chord or call light
What is important to adolescence?
Peer acceptance, they might be afraid they are unattractive or abnormal.
Delegation
NAs NEVER delegate, transferring responsibility to another person for a specific task
Evalation
Evaluating if goals or progress has been achieved
Cliches
Phrases used again and again, ex: everything will be okay. Do not use cliches
Neglect
Failing to care for a person resulting in physical, emotional, or mental harm
How to control bleeding?
Press down hard on wound with clean sterile pad, cloth, or towel until help arrives
How to prevent problems from a loss of independence?
Encourage residents to do as much as possible for themselves
Bulimia
Binge eats large amounts of food, then purges, or exercise excessively
Most basic physiological needs
Water and Food; ADL eating, pooping, bathing, grooming, and reading
3 parts of communication
Sending, receiving, and feedback
Resident Council
Gives residents a voice in facilities through regular meetings discussing issues
What is TB
Tuberculosis - highly contagious, caused by bacterium, carried on mucous droplets, usually affects lungs, coughing can spread it
Joint Commission
Evaluates patient rights, treatment, & infection prevention in a comprehensive survey process every three years
Restraint alternatives
Creative approaches work best, like distracting or redirecting, or giving the resident a repetitive task
How to be a good listener?
Concentrate on what the resident is saying
Sterilization
Destroys all microorganisms, including the ones that make spores
Empathy
Identifying with the feelings of others
How to handle spills
Immediately don gloves
Sexual Abuse
Nonconsensual sexual contact of any type
Who has the longest stay in LTCF?
People who are developmentally disabled
How can residents call for help?
Call lights. NEVER ignore the call light
Down syndrome signs
Small skull, flattened nose, short fingers
Why are Elderly at higher risk for infection
They have limited mobility - a risk factor for, pressure injuries, skin infections, & pneumonia
(TIA) Transient ischemic attack
A warning sign of a stroke or CVA, Symptoms: difficulty speaking, weakness on one side of the body, temporary loss of vision, numbness or tingling
How to work safely around oxygen?
No smoking, No flames, No oil-based lubricants or petroleum based products
How to communicate with the hearing impaired
In good lighting facing the resident, speak slowly and clearly
How to respect a residents spiritual needs?
Learn about their religion or beliefs, listen carefully to what they say, NEVER try to change someones religion
How to stop the chain of infection
Wearing gloves & washing hands stops the mode of transmission (the 4th link), immunizations prevent a susceptible host (the 6th link)
How to avoid injury
Apply principles of body mechanics to help avoid injury and spend less energy, bend your knees not your hips, push instead of lift when you can
What is an Obudsman
Legal advocate for residents, help to settle disputes
Down syndrome
Caused by abnormal cell division, called trisomy 21, experience different degrees on intellectual and physical symptoms or disabilities
How to prevent falls
Clear walkways, answer the call light right away
How do you be a professional employee?
Document and report carefully and correctly. Present clean, neatly dressed, and groomed
What is a common NA duty?
Helping with elimination needs
What else is considered a type of incident
Accusations from residents to staff, & employee injuries
What to do if you suspect poisoning
Don gloves and look for container to determine what the resident has taken or eaten
Atheist
Believe there is no god
Systematic Infection
Affects the entire body, travels through the bloodstream
Issue with a loss of sensation
Leads to burns and other issues, happens a lot with diabetic individuals
Rehabilitation
Helping to improve or restore function post injury or illness through Physical, Occupational, and Speech therapy
Body Mechanics
Parts of the body working together when a person moves.
How to orient the vision impaired
Use the face of a clock as a guide to explain the position of objects in front of the resident
How to maintain a professional relationship with residents?
Keeping all residents information confidential
Physical Abuse
Treatment intentional or not that causes physical harm
What to do incase of fire
RACE, Remove people from danger, Activate the alarm or 911, Contain the fire (close windows, doors), Extinguish or Evacuate
HIPAA
Health Insurance Portability Accountability Act
How to provide feedback?
Focus on what they are saying and repeat it back to them
Signs and Symptoms of TB
Fatigue, Night Sweats, Coughing up blood
How to communicate effectively?
Use facts instead of opinions
What can be considered a restraint
Raised side rails on beds- depending on intended se and the residents abilities
Ethics
The knowledge of right and wrong
Cognitive
Related to thinking and learning
How to respond to shock?
Put the resident on their back, with the legs elevated 8-12 inches. Unless injury to head, back, neck, spinal chord, or abdomen
Chronic Illness
Most people in LTCF have life-long or long-term conditions
Laws
The rules that tell you what you must do
Anorexia
Eating disorder, they don’t eat or exercise excessively to lose weight
Holistic Care
Includes the entire person; mind and body
Lever
The forearm
How do RNs interact with CNAs?
They supervise daily care & assign and delegate tasks
What is one of the rights residents have?
The right to visits
Sequence of doffing PPE
Gloves, Goggles, Mask, Gown
What does HIPAA do?
Keeps health info private and secure
Physical Problems associated with restraints
Pressure Injuries, Risk of suffocation
Standard precautions for contaminated supplies
Carefully bag all contaminated supplies
How to treat minor burns
Use cool, clean water to decrease skin temperature and reduce further damage
Procedure
The method or way that something is done
What does learning and tuning into other cultures do?
Promotes person centered care and helps the NA understand the resident more
MRSA
Strain of bacterium, spread by direct physical contact w/ infected people, Handwashing is the only way to control the spread
People who are at higher risk for COVID
People with COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease)
How to answer the phone?
Identify your facilities name & your position, always be friendly and professional
Paralysis
Loss of ability to move all or part of the body.
(HMOs) Health Maintenance Organizations
Help control cost by managing care though dictating healthcare providers and facilities
When & why you document legally
Its the only way to guarantee complete communication throughout the care team. Carefully document immediately after care is given, NEVER before.
Assessment
Getting information, medical history & looking the resident over for actual or potential problems
Localized Infection
Infection limited to a specific part of the body, local symptoms
Yarmulke
A small skullcap some jewish men wear.
What to do in a medical emergency
Assess the situation, Assess the victim, when reporting emergency give 911 phone number and address of the emergency
(DKA) Diabetic Ketoacidosis sign
Breath that smells fruity
What should you do for residents with intellectual disabilities?
Promote independence, but assist with activities and motor functions that are difficult
What is the Nursing Process?
Asses, diagnose, plan, implement, & evaluate
How is COVID transmitted?
Respiratory Droplets made when the person breathes, sneezes, coughs (spread among people within 6 feet of each other)
