test 1

Question 1

respresentative democracy

Answer 1

form of gov which electors vote for representatives to represent them in parliament

representatives are elected by majority rule by citizens in an electorate

representatives serve for 3 yrs p/term

Question 2

liberal democracy

Answer 2

a form of gov in which liberal values of respect for individual rights + freedoms temper majority rule

delegates represent exercise ppl’s pwer on their behalf + for their benefit

different from pure democrac y to protect “minorities”- those not apart of majority

Question 3

constitutional monarchy

Answer 3

form of gov which monarch rules but constitution limits power of monarch. GG represents monarch in parliament.

Britain colonised Aus –> monarchy

monarchy rules over nation state
constitution limits power

Question 4

conventions that limit monarchy:

Answer 4

royal pwer must only be exercised on advice of ministers who are responsible to elected parliament
-e.g power to appoint ministers once PM recommended their cabinet

monarchy always assents to laws passed by parlmnt

parliamentary exec may excersice royal perogative pwr (powers ecec may use w/o parliamentary approval-e.g. delaring war)

Question 5

govenor general

Answer 5

david hurley

Question 6

majority rule

Answer 6

key operating principles in liberal democracy
based on popular sovereignty + expression of will of majority in gov + law making

Question 7

majority rule in practice

Answer 7

1. legislature chosen by the ppl. laws made by a parlmt composed of reps chosen by the ppl. ensures laws reflects values of the majority. Parlmnts
2. exec chosen by the ppl. exec (known as gov) executes laws + makes policies to implent them

Question 8

sovereignty

Answer 8

The unlimited authority of s nation state/state w/in a fed to govern itself. requires

2017- Malcolm Turnbull made a public remark on alleged foreign interference from China in Aus affairs. Noted that when China was founded in 1949 its leaders declared “the chinese ppl have stood up”- assertion of chinese sovereignty

Question 9

constitution

Answer 9

laws that limit powr of gov, including monarchy. may be written or unwritten (conventions)

conventions are customary practices + tradtitions that act to limit powr of monarchy

higher law

Commonwealth of Australia Constitution Act 1900

Question 10

liberal democracy principles

Answer 10

majority rule

equality of political rights

political freedom

political participation

Question 11

constitutionalism

Answer 11

the enlightenment idea that pwr should be limited

Question 12

separation of power

Answer 12

3 branches- legislative executive + judiciary

based on idea of dispersed pwer

separated to disperse power + to not have concentrated pwer that can cause corruption

Question 13

judicial independence

Answer 13

complete independence from parlmnt + exec gov

appointed by exec gov but cannot be dismissed by them
–> only way is to be dismissed by parlmnt for ‘proved misbehaviour or incapacy’ (section 72 of constitution)

Question 14

checks + balances

Answer 14

checks: limits to pwer

balances: an equivalance of dif types of pwr