test 1

Question 1

sculpture in the round?

Answer 1

A freestanding three-dimensional sculpture that can be viewed from every angle, for example, by walking around it.

Question 2

megalith?

Answer 2

large stone used as a monument or other structure

Question 3

ocher/ochre?

Answer 3

naturally occurring clay pigment that rages in color from yellow, red, brown or white.

Question 4

post-and-lintel?

Answer 4

a form of construction in which two upright posts support a horizontal beam

Question 5

Trilithon?

Answer 5

two upright megaliths topped with a third, horizontal stone (lintel)

Question 6

Petroglyph?

Answer 6

an image created on a rock surface through incision, pecking, carving, or abrading

Question 7

Low relief?

Answer 7

raised forms that project only slightly from a flat background

Question 8

ziggurat?

Answer 8

a stepped pyramid or tower-like structure in a Mesopotamian temple complex

Question 9

register?

Answer 9

a horizontal section of work, usually a clearly defined band or line

Question 10

votive?

Answer 10

an image or object created as a devotional offering to a deity

Question 11

hierarchical scale?

Answer 11

the use of size to denote the relative importance of subjects in an artwork.

Question 12

stele?

Answer 12

a carved stone slab that is placed upright and often features commemorative imagery and/or inscriptions.

Question 13

lost waxing technique?

Answer 13

a method of creating metal sculpture in which a clay mold surrounds a wax model and is then fired; when the wax melts away, molten metal is poured in to fill the space.

Question 14

palette?

Answer 14

rock that was used to mix pigments on

Question 15

mastaba?

Answer 15

a massive, flat-topped rectangular tomb building with slanted side walls; built of either mud brick or cut stone

Question 16

necropolis?

Answer 16

a large cemetery; from the greek for the “city of the dead”

Question 17

Serdab?

Answer 17

a narrow chamber of the ancient Egyptian mastaba either concealed or accessible only by a narrow passage and containing a statue of the deceased.

Question 18

corbeled roof?

Answer 18

a roof made of stone slabs that progressively overlap to create a dome, topped with a capstone.

Question 19

hypostyle hall?

Answer 19

a large room with rows of columns or pillars supporting the roof

Question 20

pylon?

Answer 20

a monumental stone gateway to an ancient Egyptian temple composed of two wide, tapered towers.

Question 21

sunken relief?

Answer 21

relief that is carved into a sunken area and does not project above the surface

Question 22

nephrite?

Answer 22

a hard, fibrous mineral used in the Liangzhu culture for making ritual objects; often called jade.

Question 23

bi?

Answer 23

flat, perforated disks made of nephrite or other hardstones, made in early cultures in China.

Question 24

cong?

Answer 24

hollow, squared tubes made of nephrite found in Liangzhu culture of China

Question 25

oracle bones?

Answer 25

turtle plastrons and ox shoulder bones used for divination in the Shang state

Question 26

Taotie?

Answer 26

the name given to the composite animal mask frequently found on Shang bronzes

Question 27

Provenance?

Answer 27

the history of an artwork’s ownership

Question 28

Repoussé?

Answer 28

a relief design created by hammering malleable metal from the reverse side (not the side to be viewed).

Question 29

Fresco?

Answer 29

a wall or ceiling painting on wet plaster (also called true fresco or buon fresco); wet pigment merges with the plaster, and once hardened the painting becomes an integral part of the wall; painting on dry plaster is called fresco secco.

Question 30

Continuous narrative?

Answer 30

multiple events combined within a single pictorial frame.