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Fundamentals of Psych Nursing III > Test 1 > Flashcards

Test 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is important about med delivery in general

A

Proper dose
Administration does not injure
Legalities of nursing
Promote patient autonomy and dignity

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2
Q

Weakly acidic drugs are meant to be absorbed in the ___________ while weakly basic drugs are meant to be absorbed in the ______

A

Stomach
Intestine

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3
Q

_____ is better than ionized

A

Neutral

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4
Q

What is the nursing process

A

Assessment
Diagnosis
Planning
Implementation
Evaluation

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5
Q

Describe assessment and the purposes of it

A

The deliberate and systematic collection of data from a primary and secondary sources
Used to determine current and past health status and functional status and current and past coping patterns

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6
Q

Describe diagnostic reasoning

A

A process of using assessment data to create a nursing diagnosis

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7
Q

Describe defining characteristics

A

Clinical criteria/assessment findings that help confirm an actual nursing diagnosis

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8
Q

Describe clinical criteria

A

Objective and subjective signs and symptoms that lead to a diagnostic conclusion

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9
Q

Describe actual nursing diagnosis

A

Describes human responses to health conditions/life processes

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10
Q

Describe risk nursing diagnosis

A

Human responses to health conditions / life processes that may develope

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11
Q

Describe health promotion nursing diagnosis

A

Clinical judgment of clients motivation and desire to increase well-being by readiness to enhance specific health behaviours

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12
Q

Describe wellness nursing diagnosis

A

Describes levels of wellness in a client that can be enhanced

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13
Q

Describe the three things that impact membrane permeability

A

Molecule size - smaller = faster
Lipophilicity = more = faster
Drug ionization - Wants drugs to be neutral when absorbed
- Basic drug in acidic environment will not absorb well
- Acidic drug in basic environment will not absorb well

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14
Q

What should you include in shift handoff report

A

Only essential information, nursing diagnoses, objective measurements, significant info about family if its related, review ongoing discharge plan, describe instructions given in teaching plan and patient response

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15
Q

What does TO and VO mean

A

Telephone order and verbal order

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16
Q

Describe ACP status

A

C = comfort care - excluding attempted resuscitation
M = medical care - excluding attempted resuscitation
R = Medical care including attempted resuscitation

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17
Q

Describe near miss

A

Events that could have resulted in unwanted consequences but did not either by chance or through timely intervention

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18
Q

Strategies that enhance safe use of high-alert medications include

A

Standardized processes for prescribing, storing, preparing, administering medications
Limiting access
Using automated alerts and additional bright-coloured labels
Improving access to medication information for health care providers

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19
Q

What are the ten rights

A

Medication, dose, patient, route, time/frequency, documentation, reasons, refuse, patient education, evaluation

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20
Q

When do we do our three checks

A

When removing/obtaining drug from storage site
When preparing drug for admin
Immediately before administrating

21
Q

Describe positives of using the oral route

A

Non-invasive, good for repeated dosing, safety

22
Q

Describe parenteral route advantages

A

Intravenous; rapid; larger volumes; slow release formulas

23
Q

Describe advantages of topical route

A

Localized, rapid uptaking

24
Q

Describe transdermal advantages

A

Sustained release

25
Q

Describe advantages of inhaled route

A

Rapid, efficient, initial localization to pulmonary system

26
Q

Describe a drug vs a medication

A

Drug - substance capable of producing a biological response
Medication - a drug given for the purpose of producing a therapeutic response

27
Q

Describe formulary

A

Evolving list defining the prescription drugs to be covered under your company’s benefit program

28
Q

What are the two ways we classify drugs and explain them

A

Therapeutic classification describes the condition for which a drug is being given
Pharmacological classification describes the mechanisms by which the therapeutic effect is achieved

29
Q

Difference between chemical, generic and trade name of drugs

A

Chemical - a drug only has one chemical name
Generic name - lower case
Trade name - the original patented name

30
Q

How long does an initial patten last for a new drug

A

20 years

31
Q

Describe the steps of pharmacokinetics

A

Absorption
Distribution
Metabolize
Elimination

32
Q

Factors that affect absorption are

A

Administration route, cell membrane permeability, drug formulation, gastric emptying, surface area and temperature

33
Q

Describe factors that affect distribution

A

Blood flow to target tissue, drug solubility, drug-protein binding, special physiological barriers (blood-brain barrier, fetal circulation)

34
Q

Describe drug to drug interaction

A

When the presence of one drug decreases or increases the action of another drug administered concurrently

35
Q

What is the main organ in metabolism

A

Liver

36
Q

Describe bioequivalents

A

Two drugs that have the same bioavailability and the same concentration of active ingredients

37
Q

Describe the different types of excretion

A

Renal - changes in pH
Pulmonary - gasses and volatile liquids, most drug excreted unmetabolized, excretion rate affected by resp rate and blood flow
Glanduar - sweat, saliva, breast milk, seminal fluid, water soluble molecules
Intestinal - biliary and enterohepatic recirculation

38
Q

Why is it useful to understand half life

A

Time required for serum levels to be reduced by one half
5 half lives to reduce by 97
Clinically useful to determine steady-state, eliminates duration of action
Shorter half life = given more frequently

39
Q

How does a loading dose helpful

A

Loading does is an initial higher dose of a drug that may be given at the beginning of a course of treatment before dropping down to a lower maintenance dose. This is helpful for drugs that are eliminated from the body relatively slowly

40
Q

Describe onset of action

A

Time required for a drug to elicit therapeutic response

41
Q

Describe duration of action

A

Time period during which the drug is in therapeutic range

42
Q

Describe peak effect

A

Time required to reach maximal therapeutic response

43
Q

Describe peak level

A

The highest blood level

44
Q

Describe trough level

A

Lowest blood level of a drug

45
Q

Describe steady state

A

Physiological state in which the amount of drug removed via elimination = the amount of drug absorbed with each dose

46
Q

Describe the degree for Im, SC, ID

A

IM = 90 degrees
SC = 45-90 degrees
ID = 15 degrees

47
Q

What is the preferred state for IM injections

A

Ventrogluteal

48
Q

What is the general rule for SC and ID needle and Gage

A

SC and ID = <1
IM = >1 inch

49
Q
A

Fundamentals of Psych Nursing III (2 decks)

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